- Source: Pope County, Illinois
Pope County is the southeasternmost county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 3,763, making it the second-least populous county in Illinois. Its county seat is Golconda. The county was organized in 1816 from portions of Gallatin and Johnson counties and named after Nathaniel Pope, a politician and jurist from the Illinois Territory and State of Illinois.
History
The first permanent settlement in future Pope County was established in 1798 at the modern-day site of Golconda, then a part of the Northwest Territory which operated as a ferry point across the Ohio River. The county was formed in 1816 from portions of Gallatin and Johnson Counties.
Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 374 square miles (970 km2), of which 369 square miles (960 km2) is land and 5.5 square miles (14 km2) (1.5%) is water.
The entire county is hilly and during rainy weather rivulets cascade down the hills in the park forming waterfalls of varying sizes and heights. The county contains Dixon Springs State Park, one of many state parks in the Illinois Shawnee Hills, and is part of the Shawnee National Forest. It is bordered to the south and east by the Ohio River, which marks the state's border with Kentucky.
= Climate and weather
=In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Golconda have ranged from a low of 21 °F (−6 °C) in January to a high of 87 °F (31 °C) in July, although a record low of −22 °F (−30 °C) was recorded in January 1994 and a record high of 104 °F (40 °C) was recorded in August 2007. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 3.22 inches (82 mm) in October to 5.02 inches (128 mm) in May.
= Transit
=Rides Mass Transit District
= Major highways
=Illinois Route 34
Illinois Route 145
Illinois Route 146
Illinois Route 147
= Adjacent counties
=Saline County - north
Hardin County - east
Livingston County, Kentucky - southeast
Massac County - southwest
Johnson County - west
Williamson County - northwest
= National protected area
=Shawnee National Forest (part)
Demographics
As of the 2010 census, there were 4,470 people, 1,829 households, and 1,209 families living in the county. The population density was 12.1 inhabitants per square mile (4.7/km2). There were 2,491 housing units at an average density of 6.8 per square mile (2.6/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 91.7% white, 6.0% black or African American, 0.6% American Indian, 0.2% Asian, 0.5% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.4% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 31.8% were German, 19.1% were Irish, 11.4% were English, and 5.4% were American.
Of the 1,829 households, 23.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.9% were married couples living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.9% were non-families, and 29.8% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.72. The median age was 46.6 years.
The median income for a household in the county was $39,672 and the median income for a family was $51,500. Males had a median income of $45,865 versus $28,519 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,134. About 6.6% of families and 12.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.4% of those under age 18 and 9.1% of those age 65 or over.
Politics
In its early days Pope County, being strongly Southern in its culture and opposed to Northern Illinois, was powerfully Democratic, giving a majority to that party in every pre-war Presidential election.
However, during the Civil War, under the influence of Congressman John A. Logan, this region of dubious initial loyalty was to provide a number of Union soldiers rivalled on a per capita basis only by a few fiercely Unionist counties in Appalachia.
Stephen A. Douglas in 1860 remains the last Democrat to win a majority of the county's vote, although Bill Clinton won pluralities in both 1992 and 1996 due to Ross Perot siphoning votes from Republican opponents George Bush senior and Bob Dole. Hillary Clinton in 2016 fared extremely poorly, carrying fewer than eighteen percent of Pope County's votes.
Communities
= City
=Golconda
= Village
=Eddyville
= Unincorporated communities
=Allens Spring
Bay City
Brownfield
Dixon Springs
Glendale
Hamletsburg
Herod
Homberg
Lusk's Ferry
McCormick
New Liberty
Rising Sun
Robbs
Notable people
James Lusk Alcorn (1816-1894), born near Golconda, American Civil War general in the Confederate Army
John R. Hodge (1893-1963), born in Golconda; Military Governor of South Korea preceding the Korean War and Commanding General of the U.S. Third Army
C. L. McCormick (1919-1987), born in McCormick, Illinois state representative and businessman
Green B. Raum (1820-1909), born in Golconda, American Civil War general in the Union Army
James A. Rose (1850-1912), born in Golconda, Illinois Secretary of State
Mason Ramsey (2006-), born in Golconda, star of viral video “Walmart Kid Singing” and country singer
Victor Belenko (1947-2023) born in the USSR, served in the Soviet Air Force until he stole a MiG-25 and flew to Japan providing the West with invaluable intelligence. He became an American and settled in the town of Rosebud, where he died in 2023.
See also
Dixon Springs State Park
Ku Klux Klan in Southern Illinois
National Register of Historic Places listings in Pope County
Ohio River
Shawnee National Forest
References
External links
http://genealogytrails.com/ill/pope/cohist.htm
http://www.fs.fed.us/r9/forests/shawnee
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- Pope County, Illinois
- Pope County
- Golconda, Illinois
- Eddyville, Illinois
- Pope (disambiguation)
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Illinois
- List of counties in Illinois
- Daniel Pope Cook
- 1992 United States presidential election in Illinois
- Bay City, Pope County, Illinois
