- Source: Proglucagon
Proglucagon is a protein that is cleaved from preproglucagon. Preproglucagon in humans is encoded by the GCG gene and is composed of 180 amino-acid residues.
Proglucagon is a precursor of glucagon, and several other components. It is generated in the alpha cells of the pancreas and in the intestinal L cells in the distal ileum and colon.
More specifically, preproglucagon is cleaved into the following components in different organs:
Signal peptide (1-20) – removed from preproglucagon to form proglucagon (21-180)
Glicentin (21–89)
Glicentin-related pancreatic polypeptide (GRPP, 21-50)
Oxyntomodulin (OXY or OXM, 53–89)
Glucagon (53–81)
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1, 92–128) – first seven residues further cleaved
Glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2, 146–178)
Proglucagon itself is a protein with three repeats of slightly different secretin family hormones to be cleaved to form mature hormones.
References
Further reading
External links
Dhanvantari S. "Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Glucagon Synthesis and Secretion". lawsonimaging.ca. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007.
"PC1 Cleavage Sites". phoenixpeptide.com. Archived from the original on 28 December 2005.
"GLP-1 is Derived From Proglucagon". medscape.com.
"Pro-glucagon". PDBe-KB Aggregated Views of Proteins. Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire: EMBL-EBI.
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Proglucagon
- Glucagon-like peptide-1
- Glucagon
- Glucagon-like peptide-2
- Svetlana Mojsov
- Proprotein convertase 1
- Gastrin-releasing peptide
- Gene nomenclature
- Christos Socrates Mantzoros
- Daniel J. Drucker
