• Source: Queen Paola of Belgium

Paola Margherita Maria-Antonia Consiglia Ruffo di Calabria (born 11 September 1937) is a member of the Belgian royal family who was Queen of the Belgians during the reign of her husband, King Albert II, from 9 August 1993 to 21 July 2013.




Early life and family background


Paola Margherita Maria-Antonia Consiglia Ruffo di Calabria was born in Forte dei Marmi, Tuscany, Italy, the seventh and youngest child of Fulco, Prince Ruffo di Calabria, 6th Duke of Guardia Lombarda (1884–1946), who was a World War I Italian flying ace. Her mother was Donna Luisa Gazelli dei Conti di Rossana e di Sebastiano (1896–1989), a matrilineal descendant of the Marquis de Lafayette, a hero of the American Revolution. She is predominantly of Italian and French ancestry, with a dash of Belgian, Dutch and German. In her youth, she was hailed as one of the leading beauties of Europe.
Queen Paola is fluent in Italian, French, German and English. Less fluent, and the cause of occasional criticism, is her Dutch, the mother tongue of nearly 60 percent of Belgians.




Marriage and family



In 1958, the Prince of Liège went to the Vatican to witness the coronation of Pope John XXIII. At a reception at the Belgian embassy, the Prince met Italian Donna Paola Ruffo di Calabria. "We were both shy, so we only talked a little", Paola said later about their first meeting. Prince Albert later proposed marriage to Paola and she accepted. Their engagement was announced at the Palace of Laeken in 1959. The couple married at the Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula in Brussels on 2 July 1959. They have three children together: King Philippe (born 15 April 1960), Princess Astrid (born 5 June 1962), and Prince Laurent (born 19 October 1963).
The couple's marriage was in trouble by the 1970s and Albert fathered a daughter by Baroness Sybille de Selys Longchamps, named Delphine. Despite starting divorce negotiations at the time, the couple remained married, and reconciled in the 1980s, celebrating it with a new symbolic wedding ceremony.




Activities



Apart from her activities in the company of King Albert II, Paola devotes her time to social issues mainly in the social and cultural sphere.
The Queen has demonstrated interest in the contemporary Belgian arts, visiting Venetian Biennale several times. She has acquired works of Jan Fabre, Michael Borremans and others for the Royal collection. The Queen has often met with such artists as Luc Tuymans and Dirk Braeckman.
Paola takes a keen interest in the protection and preservation of Belgium's heritage. She makes numerous visits to cultural sites, from Beguine convents to early 19th century industrial facilities. Paola is interested in both traditional and contemporary crafts, and takes every opportunity to encourage the exercise and teaching of craft professions.
Paola keeps abreast of contemporary art and regularly supports major exhibitions and artistic performances both in Belgium and abroad. On her initiative, contemporary artists have had the opportunity to design and make original works within the Royal Palace of Brussels.
In 1992, Paola established the Queen Paola Foundation. The foundation focused on integration and training for young people. The foundation's activities are geared towards social integration, support for teachers at all levels of the education system and schools in socio-economically disadvantaged areas.
Paola is an honorary chairman of the Queen Elisabeth Music Chapel and Missing Children Europe.




Health


In 2015, the court announced Queen Paola was taking "a period of total rest" following doctors' orders. They also announced that she had to cancel a planned visit to the Biennale in Venice. Further communications were kept private. Paola sent a message to Grosio, where she was expected to visit the residence of her aunt the Marchioness Margherita Pallavicini Mossi. Newspapers believed that the Queen suffered a stroke during the holiday. The palace later announced she was being treated for a cardiac arrhythmia. In 2016, she fractured a vertebra and in the following year she suffered from a fractured femoral neck and broke her hip. In September 2018, her visit to Venice was cut short and she was flown to a hospital in Belgium due to what was described by the palace as a "health problem", though some outlets speculated that she had suffered a stroke. In March 2022, she was ordered to rest for two months after breaking her arm in a fall.




Titles, styles, honours and arms






= Titles and styles

=
11 September 1937 – 2 July 1959: Donna Paola Ruffo di Calabria
2 July 1959 – 9 August 1993: Her Royal Highness The Princess of Liège
9 August 1993 – 21 July 2013: Her Majesty The Queen of the Belgians
21 July 2013 – present: Her Majesty Queen Paola of Belgium




= Honours

=



National

Belgium: Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold
Italy: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic



Foreign

Austria: Grand Star of the Order of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria, 1st Class
Bulgaria: Grand Cross of the Order of the Balkan Mountains
Denmark: Knight of the Order of the Elephant
Estonia: Grand Cross of the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana
Finland: Grand Cross of the Order of the White Rose
France: Grand Cross of the Order of National Merit
Germany: Grand Cross Special Class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Holy See: Dame of the Collar of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre
Holy See: Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice
Japan: Grand Cordon (Paulownia) of the Order of the Precious Crown
Latvia: Grand Cross of the Order of the Three Stars
Lithuania: Grand Cross of the Order of Vytautas the Great
Luxembourg: Grand Cross of the Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau
Netherlands: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Netherlands Lion
Netherlands: Grand Cross of the Order of the House of Orange
Netherlands: Recipient of the Wedding Medal of Princess Beatrix, Princess of Orange and Claus Van Amsberg
Poland: Knight of the Order of the White Eagle
Portugal: Grand Cross of the Order of Christ
Romania: Grand Cross of the Order of the Star of Romania
Sovereign Military Order of Malta: Dame Grand Cross of Obedience of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Spain: Dame Grand Cross of the Order of Charles III
Sweden: Member Grand Cross of the Royal Order of the Seraphim
Sweden: Recipient of the Commemorative 50th Birthday Medal of King Carl XVI Gustaf




= Arms

=




Ancestry






See also


Queen Paola Foundation
The Queen's Charities




Footnotes






References






External links



Biography on the official Belgian monarchy web site

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Philippe dari Belgia
• Paola dari Belgia
• Fabiola dari Belgia
• Mathilde Marie dari Belgia
• Sonja dari Norwegia
• Miss World 1987
• Miss World 2004
• Putri Elisabeth, Adipatni Brabant
• Gabriel dari Belgia
• Putri Marie-Esméralda dari Belgia
• Queen Paola of Belgium
• Paola
• Paola (disambiguation)
• Princess Astrid of Belgium
• Prince Amedeo of Belgium
• Privilège du blanc
• Italian immigration to Belgium
• Philippe of Belgium
• Queen mother
• Belgian frigate Louise-Marie