• Source: Rattini

Rattini is a very large, diverse tribe of muroid rodents in the subfamily Murinae. They are found throughout Asia and Australasia, with a few species ranging into Europe and northern Africa. The most well-known members of this group are the true rats (genus Rattus), several species of which have been introduced worldwide.




Taxonomy


They are thought to be the second-most basal member of the Murinae despite their high modern diversity, with only the Phloeomyini being more basal than them.
The genus Micromys was previously classified in a polyphyletic division also containing Hapalomys, Chiropodomys, and Vandeleuria, but phylogenetic evidence supports it forming a sister group to the rest of the Rattini. It has been debated over whether it represents its own tribe (Micromyini) or a basal member of the Rattini, but the American Society of Mammalogists classifies it within the Rattini based on a 2019 study.




Distribution


They are mostly found throughout Asia, primarily in the tropics and subtropics, but with a few genera such as Rattus, Micromys (if considered a part of Rattini) and Nesokia ranging north to temperate regions or west to arid regions. In addition, many species in the genus Rattus are found throughout New Guinea and Australia, making them the only native rodents to the region outside of the Hydromyini. Only one species (Micromys minutus, if included) ranges throughout Europe, and another (Nesokia indica) ranges into northern Egypt. Several Rattus species have also been introduced worldwide, and in some cases have become invasive species that have led to the extinction of many animals and plants.
Within Asia, the Rattini reach their highest diversity in the tropics of Southeast Asia, especially in the Philippines and the Indonesian island of Sulawesi.




Species


Species in the tribe include:

Berylmys division
Genus Berylmys - white-toothed rats
Small white-toothed rat, Berylmys berdmorei
Bower's white-toothed rat, Berylmys bowersi
Kenneth's white-toothed rat, Berylmys mackenziei
Manipur white-toothed rat, Berylmys manipulus
Bunomys division
Genus Bullimus
Bagobo rat, Bullimus bagobus
Camiguin forest rat, Bullimus gamay
Large Luzon forest rat, Bullimus luzonicus
Genus Bunomys
Andrew's hill rat, Bunomys andrewsi
Yellow-haired hill rat, Bunomys chrysocomus
Heavenly hill rat, Bunomys coelestis
Fraternal hill rat, Bunomys fratrorum
Karoko hill rat, Bunomys karokophilus
Inland hill rat, Bunomys penitus
Long-headed hill rat, Bunomys prolatus
Tana Toraja hill rat, Bunomys torajae
Genus Eropeplus (Sulawesian soft-furred rat)
Sulawesi soft-furred rat, Eropeplus canus
Genus Halmaheramys
Spiny Boki Mekot rat, Halmaheramys bokimekot
Wallace's large spiny rat, Halmaheramys wallacei
Genus Komodomys
Komodo rat, Komodomys rintjanus
Genus Lenomys (trefoil-toothed rat)
Trefoil-toothed giant rat, Lenomys meyeri
Genus Papagomys - Flores giant rats
Flores giant rat, Papagomys armandvillei
Verhoeven's giant tree rat, Papagomys theodorverhoeveni †
Genus Paruromys (Sulawesian giant rat)
Sulawesi giant rat, Paruromys dominator
Genus Paulamys
Flores long-nosed rat, Paulamys naso
Undescribed genus
Timor rat, "Rattus timorensis"
Genus Sundamys - giant Sunda rats
Annandale's rat, Sundamys annandalei
Mountain giant Sunda rat, Sundamys infraluteus
Bartels's rat, Sundamys maxi
Müller's giant Sunda rat, Sundamys muelleri
Genus Taeromys
Salokko rat, Taeromys arcuatus
Lovely-haired rat, Taeromys callitrichus
Celebes rat, Taeromys celebensis
Sulawesi montane rat, Taeromys hamatus
Small-eared rat, Taeromys microbullatus
Sulawesi forest rat, Taeromys punicans
Tondano rat, Taeromys taerae
Dacnomys division
Genus Chiromyscus (Fea's tree rat)
Fea's tree rat, Chiromyscus chiropus
Genus Dacnomys (Large-toothed giant rat)
Millard's rat, Dacnomys millardi
Genus Lenothrix (Grey Tree Rat)
Gray tree rat, Lenothrix canus
Genus Leopoldamys - long-tailed giant rats
Sundaic mountain leopoldamys or Sundaic Mountain long-tailed giant rat, Leopoldamys ciliatus
Edwards's long-tailed giant rat, Leopoldamys edwardsi
Millet's long-tailed giant rat, Leopoldamys milleti
Neill's long-tailed giant rat, Leopoldamys neilli
Long-tailed giant rat, Leopoldamys sabanus
Mentawai long-tailed giant rat, Leopoldamys siporanus
Genus Margaretamys - margareta rats
Beccari's margareta rat, Margaretamys beccarii
Christine's margareta rat, Margaretamys christinae
Elegant margareta rat, Margaretamys elegans
Little margareta rat, Margaretamys parvus
Genus Niviventer - white-bellied rats
Anderson's white-bellied rat, Niviventer andersoni
Brahma white-bellied rat, Niviventer brahma
Cameron Highlands white-bellied rat, Niviventer cameroni
Chinese white-bellied rat, Niviventer confucianus
Coxing's white-bellied rat, Niviventer coninga
Dark-tailed tree rat, Niviventer cremoriventer
Oldfield white-bellied rat, Niviventer culturatus
Smoke-bellied rat, Niviventer eha
Large white-bellied rat, Niviventer excelsior
Montane Sumatran white-bellied rat, Niviventer fraternus
Chestnut white-bellied rat, Niviventer fulvescens
Limestone rat, Niviventer hinpoon
Lang Bian white-bellied rat, Niviventer langbianis
Narrow-tailed white-bellied rat, Niviventer lepturus
Hainan white-bellied rat, Niviventer lotipes (formerly in N. tenaster)
White-bellied rat, Niviventer niviventer
Long-tailed mountain rat, Niviventer rapit
Tenasserim white-bellied rat, Niviventer tenaster
Genus Saxatilomys
Paulina’s limestone rat, Saxatilomys paulinae
Genus Tonkinomys
Daovantien’s limestone rat, Tonkinomys daovantieni
Echiothrix division
Genus Echiothrix
Central Sulawesi echiothrix, Echiothrix centrosa
Northern Sulawesi echiothrix, Echiothrix leucura
Genus Gracilimus
Sulawesi root rat, Gracilimus radix
Genus Hyorhinomys
Hog-nosed shrew rat, Hyorhinomys stuempkei
Genus Melasmothrix (Lesser Sulawesian Shrew Rat)
Sulawesian shrew rat, Melasmothrix naso
Genus Paucidentomys
Edented Sulawesi rat, Paucidentomys vermidax
Genus Sommeromys
Sommer's Sulawesi rat, Sommeromys macrorhinos
Genus Tateomys - greater Sulawesian shrew rats
Long-tailed shrew rat, Tateomys macrocercus
Tate's shrew rat, Tateomys rhinogradoides
Genus Waiomys
Sulawesi water rat, Waiomys mamasae
Maxomys division
Genus Crunomys - Philippine and Sulawesian shrew rats
Celebes shrew-rat, Crunomys celebensis
Northern Luzon shrew-rat, Crunomys fallax
Mindanao shrew-rat, Crunomys melanius
Katanglad shrew-mouse, Crunomys suncoides
Genus Maxomys (rajah rats)
Mountain spiny rat, Maxomys alticola
Maxomys baeodon
Bartels's spiny rat, Maxomys bartelsii
Dollman's spiny rat, Maxomys dollmani
Hellwald's spiny rat, Maxomys hellwaldii
Sumatran spiny rat, Maxomys hylomyoides
Malayan mountain spiny rat, Maxomys inas
Fat-nosed spiny rat, Maxomys inflatus
Mo's spiny rat, Maxomys moi
Musschenbroek's spiny rat, Maxomys musschenbroekii
Chestnut-bellied spiny rat, Maxomys ochraceiventer
Pagai spiny rat, Maxomys pagensis
Palawan spiny rat, Maxomys panglima
Rajah spiny rat, Maxomys rajah
Red spiny rat, Maxomys surifer
Watts's spiny rat, Maxomys wattsi
Whitehead's spiny rat, Maxomys whiteheadi
Micromys division (alternately considered a distinct tribe, Micromyini)
Genus Micromys
Indochinese harvest mouse, Micromys erythrotis
Eurasian harvest mouse, Micromys minutus
Rattus division
Genus Abditomys
Luzon broad-toothed rat, Abditomys latidens
Genus Baletemys
Kampalili shrew-mouse, Baletemys kampalili
Genus Bandicota - bandicoot rats
Lesser bandicoot rat, Bandicota bengalensis
Greater bandicoot rat, Bandicota indica
Savile's bandicoot rat, Bandicota savilei
Genus Diplothrix
Ryukyu long-tailed giant rat, Diplothrix legatus
Genus Kadarsanomys
Sody's tree rat, Kadarsanomys sodyi
Genus Limnomys
Gray-bellied mountain rat, Limnomys bryophilus
Mindanao mountain rat, Limnomys sibuanus
Genus Nesokia (Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat)
Bunn's short-tailed bandicoot rat, Nesokia bunnii
Short-tailed bandicoot rat, Nesokia indica
Genus Nesoromys
Ceram rat, Nesoromys ceramicus
Genus Palawanomys (Palawan rat)
Palawan soft-furred mountain rat, Palawanomys furvus
Genus Rattus - typical rats
incertae sedis
Enggano rat, Rattus enganus
Philippine forest rat, Rattus everetti
Polynesian rat, Rattus exulans
Hainald's rat, Rattus hainaldi
Hoogerwerf's rat, Rattus hoogerwerfi
Korinch's rat, Rattus korinchi
† Maclear's rat, Rattus macleari
Nillu rat, Rattus montanus
Molaccan prehensile-tailed rat, Rattus morotaiensis
† Bulldog rat, Rattus nativitatis
Kerala rat, Rattus ranjiniae
New Ireland forest rat, Rattus sanila
Andaman rat, Rattus stoicus
R. norvegicus group
Himalayan field rat, Rattus nitidus
Brown rat or Norway rat, Rattus norvegicus
Turkestan rat, Rattus pyctoris
R. rattus group
Sunburned rat, Rattus adustus
Sikkim rat, Rattus andamanensis
Ricefield rat, Rattus argentiventer
Summit rat, Rattus baluensis
Aceh rat, Rattus blangorum
Nonsense rat, Rattus burrus
Hoffmann's rat, Rattus hoffmanni
Koopman's rat, Rattus koopmani
Lesser ricefield rat, Rattus losea
Mentawai rat, Rattus lugens
Mindoro black rat, Rattus mindorensis
Little soft-furred rat, Rattus mollicomulus
Osgood's rat, Rattus osgoodi
Palm rat, Rattus palmarum
Black rat, Rattus rattus
Little Indochinese field rat, Rattus sakeratensis
Sahyadris forest rat, Rattus satarae
Simalur rat, Rattus simalurensis
Tanezumi rat, Rattus tanezumi
Tawitawi forest rat, Rattus tawitawiensis
Malayan field rat, Rattus tiomanicus
R. xanthurus group
Bonthain rat, Rattus bontanus; obs. Rattus foramineus
Lore Lindu xanthurus rat, Rattus facetus
Opossum rat, Rattus marmosurus
Peleng rat, Rattus pelurus
Southeastern xanthurus rat, Rattus salocco
Yellow-tailed rat, Rattus xanthurus
R. leucopus group (New Guinean group)
Vogelkop mountain rat, Rattus arfakiensis
Western New Guinea mountain rat, Rattus arrogans
Manus Island spiny rat, Rattus detentus
Sula rat, Rattus elaphinus
Spiny Ceram rat, Rattus feliceus
Giluwe rat, Rattus giluwensis
Japen rat, Rattus jobiensis
Cape York rat, Rattus leucopus
Eastern rat, Rattus mordax
Gag Island rat, Rattus nikenii
Moss-forest rat, Rattus niobe
New Guinean rat, Rattus novaeguineae
Arianus's rat, Rattus omichlodes
Pocock’s highland rat, Rattus pococki
Large New Guinea spiny rat, Rattus praetor
Glacier rat, Rattus richardsoni
Stein's rat, Rattus steini
Van Deusen's rat, Rattus vandeuseni
Slender rat, Rattus verecundus
R. fuscipes group (Australian group)
Dusky rat, Rattus colletti
Bush rat, Rattus fuscipes
Australian swamp rat, Rattus lutreolus
Dusky field rat, Rattus sordidus
Pale field rat, Rattus tunneyi
Long-haired rat, Rattus villosissimus
Genus Tarsomys
Long-footed rat, Tarsomys apoensis
Spiny long-footed rat, Tarsomys echinatus
Genus Tryphomys (Mearn's Luzon Rat)
Luzon short-nosed rat, Tryphomys adustus
Srilankamys division
Genus Srilankamys (Ceylonese rats)
Ohiya rat, Srilankamys ohiensis
Unknown division
Genus Anonymomys (Mindoro rat)
Mindoro climbing rat, Anonymomys mindorensis




References

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Maurizio Rattini
• Italo Righi
• Gian Carlo Venturini
• Betu
• Tim nasional sepak bola Argentina
• Tikus rumah
• Tikus sawah
• Wangetan
• Günter Grass
• Rattus
• Rattini
• Maurizio Rattini
• Micromys
• Castelli of San Marino
• List of curazie in San Marino
• Augustus
• Papagomys
• Fiorentino
• Jimmy Carter
• Rattus