• Source: Refrontolo

Refrontolo (Venetian: Refróntol) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Treviso in the Italian region Veneto, located about 50 kilometres (31 miles) north of Venice and about 30 km (19 mi) north of Treviso, representing the third smallest municipality by number of inhabitants (1,732) in the province, preceded only by Portobuffolé and Monfumo. It is located in a hilly viewpoint between Quartier del Piave and Montello, and it is crossed by the Prosecco and Conegliano-Valdobbiadene Hills Wine Road (Italian: Strada del Prosecco e Vini dei Colli Conegliano e Valdobbiadene) established in 1966. The municipality is in fact famous for the production of the Marzemino wine (called Colli di Conegliano Refrontolo Passito DOCG). Since July 7, 2019, Refrontolo's hills have been inscribed as an UNESCO World Heritage Site as The Prosecco Hills of Conegliano and Valdobbiadene (Italian: Le Colline del Prosecco di Conegliano e Valdobbiadene).
Refrontolo borders the following municipalities: Cison di Valmarino, Pieve di Soligo, San Pietro di Feletto, Susegana, Tarzo.




Demographics






= Overview

=
In 2016 the natural growth rate of Refrotolo was -6.9, with 11 newborns, 23 deceased, and thus a natural balance of -12. The people entering Refrontolo from other municipalities were 43 (39 were instead leaving), the ones entering from abroad were 7 (5 were leaving Italy), while 1 was written in the registry because of administrative corrections (3 removed), for a total migratory balance of 4, and a migration rate of 2.3. Overall the total growth rate was decreasing (-4.6), and with a population of 1,747 on January 1, and 1,739 on December 31, the average number of people living in the municipality was 1,743.




Economy


The locality is particularly suited for wine production, thanks to the presence of constant currents of fresh and dry air that allow the natural drying of the grapes. In the municipality there are in fact fourteen wineries, and one of them is also a bottler. Typical, being the viticulture a rooted and integrated practice of the area, are the vineyards, historically cultivated as espaliers. Other forms of traditional and/or historical cultivation are the Sylvoz (espalier), overturned, and double-inverted. Cultivated vines are Prosecco, Marzemino, Verdiso Zentil, and Manzoni Bianco. The density of the vines is 2,500 Ha.




= Refrontolo Passito DOCG

=
Marzemino has a centuries-old history, and distant origins. Also known in Veneto with the synonyms of Berzamino, Barzemin and Bassamino, it would later spread to Lombardy, Emilia, Friuli, and Trentino. It is believed that the Marzemino vine spread in Carinthia thanks to the Roman colonists, taking its name from Marzimin, a village in that region, and that from this area the cultivation subsequently extended to the Venetian regions. In the fifteenth century Marzemino was known throughout Padania and Friuli; in the Adige valley it was introduced by the militias of the Republic of Venice in the period of its maximum expansion. In fact, towards the middle of the sixteenth century the wine produced from this vine was one of the most appreciated among noble families, and it is precisely Marzemino that is mentioned in the second act of the famous opera Don Giovanni by Mozart, with the phrase "Versa il vino! Eccellente Marzimino!" (the quote is a clear reference to the Treviso area and not to the Trentino one, and everything is proven by the origin of Lorenzo Da Ponte, author of the libretto of Mozart's opera, who lived as a young man on these hills).
Today the Treviso vine is known as Marzemino of Refrontolo, from which the Refrontolo Passito is produced, and it is the drying technique that differentiates it from all the other varieties, making it unique and sought after as a "black pearl" in an area suited for white wines.
Refrontolo Passito is found within the Colli di Conegliano Refrontolo Passito DOCG zone, in a very limited area defined by the municipalities of Pieve di Soligo, San Pietro di Feletto, and in particular by the hills of Refrontolo, where the old biotype of Marzemino of Refrontolo is cultivated, since it is the only one that produces suitable grapes to obtain Refrontolo Passito. The Marzemino grapes are harvested in October, and they must be at least 95%, while the remaining 5% can be non-aromatic red grapes recommended or authorized by the province of Treviso. Subsequently the grapes are placed on traditional racks where they dry up until the week of Christmas in order to reach a minimum alcoholic strength of 14 degrees. The maximum yield of grapes into wine must not exceed 45%. The vinification is then followed by maturation in small oak barrels with various decantations up until it becomes clear for its bottling in spring. An aging in the bottle for at least three months precedes the release on the market, which cannot take place before March 1 after the harvest. Only about thirty companies produce the “pearl”, for an annual production of about 160,000 0.75cl-bottles, which are difficult to find, as admirers try to grab at least a few bottles of this excellence.
Refrontolo Passito is a structured and balanced red dessert wine, from grapes partially dried on racks of a beautiful deep ruby red color, with a characteristic and marked scent of blackberries. It should be accompanied by desserts with a not very high sugar content, therefore it perfectly combines with dry pastries, tart with plum jam, sbrisolona cake, but also with blue cheeses. It should be served at a temperature of 14-15°, and it presents itself as pleasant and moderately sweet, rich in aroma and flavors, with a well-centered alcohol content and a very pleasant level of acidity. It can be considered mature in 10–12 months of life.




Culture






= Folklore

=



The bòna man

The tradition of New Year's greetings, involving above all the little ones, who, visiting the homes of relatives and acquaintances, received, in exchange of a greeting nursery rhyme (the bòna man), some sweets or some change. The custom was also widespread among the adults, and generally consisted of seasonal nuts.



'L panevìn

Fire ritual that still takes place, above all thanks to the initiative of the Pro Loco, on the evening of January 5, the epiphany's eve. Now practiced with folkloristic accents, once a tradition, rich in cultural meanings, consisting of different phases.



'L porzhèl de Sant'Antoni

It was a pig, donated by a devotee, who soon became accustomed to going around the houses of the village, where it received the lavadura. It was then killed on the day of Saint Anthony, January 17, put up for auction, and the proceeds donated to the poorest or to charitable works.



Carneval

Neighboring families, or those of the same district, were used to gather at the sound of an accordion, to dance and consume crostoi, frìtoe, and castagnòle. On the last Thursday of the carnival (dióba zhozhoèr) pieces of lard (zhózoi), or other pieces of pork, were offered to the beggars, who stuck them on wooden skewers, while during the last Friday of the carnival (vèndre gnocolèr), gnocchi were a must for the villagers.



San Valentin

The festivity is summarized in the proverb: San Valentin, the naranzhe picade al spin, translatable into Valentine's Day, the oranges attached to the thorn; lovers picked up a branch of hawthorn, and stuck an orange into each thorn. The homage was then placed, during the night, on the threshold of the beloved's house.




= Organizations

=




Government



The municipality has its own functions, and those conferred by the state and regional laws, according to the principle of subsidiarity. It contributes to the determination of the objectives contained in the plans and the programs of the state and the regions and, within the boundaries of its legal competence, provides for their specification and implementation, as well as for the exercise of all the functions suitable to satisfy the interests and needs of the community, with the aim of reaching and consolidating, with a programming method, those values that allow a better quality of life, in compliance with the state and regional laws. The municipality can also carry out its functions through the activities that can be adequately exercised by the autonomous initiative of the citizens and their social formations.
The municipal governing body is composed by the Municipal Council, the City Committee, and the Mayor.




= Municipal Council

=




= Mayor

=
The mayor is the body responsible for the municipal administration, and performs functions of representation, presidency, and superintendency, and eventually of Government Officer as established by the Legislative Decree 267/2000, which also defines the procedures for his election, the cases of incompatibility and ineligibility to the office, its status, and the causes of termination and forfeiture of office.



Administrative duties

The mayor has competences and powers of direction, supervision and control of the activity of the assessors, and of the management and executive bodies, by the issuance of directives to the municipal secretary, the general manager, if appointed, and to the managers of the administrative services, verifying the compliance of the administrative management results in accordance with the given guidelines.
He appoints the members of the municipal council, choosing among them the deputy mayor, and has the power to revoke them by giving motivated communication to the council; he also appoints the managers of the public administration, assigning and defining the needed executive offices and the external collaboration assignments according to the criteria established by the articles 109 and 110 of the Legislative Decree 267/2000, as well as by the municipal statute and regulations.
Moreover he promotes and takes initiatives to ensure that the offices, services, special companies, institutions, and joint stock companies belonging to the municipality carry out their activities according to the guidelines indicated by the municipal council, or the objectives defined by the City Committee, summons the conference between the representatives of all the interested parties in order to verify the possibility of realizing the program agreement and promoting its conclusion (even at the request of one or more of the interested parties), and has initiative and liaison powers with the bodies of popular participation in the local administration, calling meetings for referendums on matters of exclusive local competence, and thus setting up the office for the referendum operations.



List of mayors of Refrontolo




Timeline





Notable people


Domenico Capretta (1813-1883) – Abbot
Antonio Maria Antoniazzi (1872-1925) – Astronomer (born in Collalto, at the time part of Refrontolo, today a frazione of Susegana)
Piero Dalle Ceste (1912-1974) – Painter
Angelo Lorenzon (1927-1978) – Painter, sculptor, engraver (born in Sernaglia della Battaglia on March 14, 1927, he moved with his family to Refrontolo, where he lived and worked until 10 June 1978, the day of his death)

Emma Ciardi (1879–1933) – Painter (in the last period of her life, she established her summer residence in Refrontolo)




Essential bibliography


Archivio di Stato di Treviso. Coll. 66/1 R/N/1, Mappa Ridotta 1812; 15/5 TN 1 N. 92, TN 2 N. 93, TN 3 N. 94, Caseggiati Anno 1812; Sommarioni Catasto Nap. Coll. 66/1 B/1 B/2 B/3. Refrontolo: Catasto Napoleonico 1812 (in Italian). Treviso.
Archivio di Stato di Venezia. Refrontolo: Notifiche al Censo Provvisorio del Catasto Napoleonico del 1812. Atti Preparatori al Catasto Austriaco (in Italian). Venice.
Archivio Comunale di Refrontolo. Delibere della Giunta e del Consiglio Comunale dal 1919 al 1927 e dal 1946 al 2003. Fogli di Famiglia, Vecchia Anagrafe 1890-1924 (in Italian). Refrontolo.
Archivio Parrochiale di Santa Margherita di Refrontolo. Registri Parrochiali dei Battesimi, dei Matrimoni e dei Morti dal 1624. Bollettino Parrochiale (Anni 1973-2003) (in Italian). Refrontolo.
Alpago Novello, L.; Trevisi, L.; Zava, A. (1882). Monografia Agraria dei Distretti di Conegliano, Oderzo e Vittorio. Atti della Giunta Agraria per l'Inchiesta Agraria e sulle Condizioni della Classe Agricola (in Italian). Vol. V, Tome II. Rome.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Vv.Aa. (1997). Pieve di Soligo e la Gastaldia di Solighetto dal Medioevo all'Età Contemporanea (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Battistella, O.; Lazzari, A.; Garzoni, T. (1927). Guida di Treviso e Provincia: Nuovo Indicatore Commerciale, Industriale, Professionale, Amministrativo, con Notizie Storico-Artistiche (Biennio 1926-27) (in Italian). Treviso.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Bevilacqua, Silvia (2001). Arte per il Sacro nel Quartier del Piave e nel Feletto (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo: Canova. ISBN 978-8884090614.
Boerio, Giuseppe (1856). Dizionario del Dialetto Veneziano (in Italian). Venezia: G. Cecchini Royal Press.
Cengarle, Federica; Chittolini, Giorgio; Varanini, Gian Maria (1995). Castelli tra Piave e Livenza. Atti del III Convegno (in Italian). Vittorio Veneto: Schede d'Archivio. pp. 185-206 [Per Una Storia delle Fortificazioni della Valmareno e del Quartier del Piave nel Medioevo (Secoli XI-XIV), G. P. Cagnin].
Ceschin, C. (1934). Refrontolo: Memorie e Ricordi (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Dall'Anese, Enrico; Martorel, Paolo (1980). Il Quartier del Piave e della Val Mareno: Storie e Leggende (in Italian). Vittorio Veneto: TIPSE.
Dall'Anese, Enrico; Martorel, Paolo (1982). El Panevin: Tradizioni Popolari del Quartier del Piave e della Val Mareno (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo: Nuova Stampa 3.
Dall'Anese, Enrico; Martorel, Paolo (1984). Personaggi Illustri del Quartier del Piave e della Val Mareno (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo: Nuova Stampa 3.
Dall'Anese, Enrico; Martorel, Paolo (1987). Il Quartier del Piave Nel Primo Novecento (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo: Nuova Stampa 3.
Dall'Anese, Enrico; Martorel, Paolo (1988). Gli Anni della Grande Guerra nel Quartier del Piave (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo: Nuova Stampa 3.
Dall'Anese, Enrico (1989). Prosecco: Assolo di Vino (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Dall'Anese, Enrico; Martorel, Paolo (1991). Il Quartier del Piave e la Valle del Soligo: Guida Storico-Artistica (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Da Lozzo, Celeste (1991). L'Attività Mineraria: Storia di Un Percorso sulla Dorsale Collinare Molinetto, San Zuanet e le Grotte Carsiche tra Refrontolo e San Pietro di Feletto (in Italian). Feltre: Nuova Stampa 3.
Zerbi, Myriam; Esposito, Mario; Reale, Isabella, eds. (2003). Emma Ciardi: Pittrice Veneziana tra '800 e '900 (Personaggi tra Ombra e Sole) (in Italian). Treviso: Canova. ISBN 978-8884090706.
Faldon, Nilo (1977). Rua di Feletto (in Italian). Vittorio Veneto: TIPSE.
Bechevolo, Rino (1993). Faldon, Nilo (ed.). Diocesi di Vittorio Veneto (in Italian). Padova: Gregoriana Libreria Editrice.
Federici, Domenico Maria (1803). Memorie Trevigiane sulle Opere di Disegno dal Mille e Cento al Mille Ottocento, per Servire alla Storia delle Belle Arti d'Italia (in Italian). Venezia: Andreola. ISBN 978-1271436477.
Federici, F. (1966). Giocondo Protti: Un Profeta della Biologia. Clinica Europea, Attualità di Medicina (in Italian). Vol. V, N. 2. Rome.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Carpenè, Camillo (1969). Floriani, Abramo (ed.). Ombre e Luci dal Diario Inedito di Mons. Camillo Carpenè (8 settembre 1943 - 30 Aprile 1945) (in Italian). Vittorio Veneto: TIPSE.
Franceschi, Antonio (1878). Un Fatto dei Collalto del Secolo XVI, Ovvero Estinzione della Linea del Conte Collaltino (in Italian). Treviso.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Molà, Luca; Mueller, Reinhold C.; Zanier, Claudio (2000). La Seta in Italia dal Medioevo al Seicento: dal Baco al Drappo. Presente Storico (in Italian). Venice: Fondazione Giorgio Cini. pp. 89-122 [La Contabilità Come Fonte: La Trattura della Seta nel Contado Trevigiano (Secolo XVII), Danilo Gasparini]. ISBN 978-8831774420.
La Gazzetta di Treviso (18–19 July 1878). Giornale Quotidiano Liberale-Progressista (in Italian). Province of Treviso.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Lorenzon, Pietro (2001). Il Molinetto della Croda Patrimonio della Comunità di Refrontolo, 1997-2001 (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Lorenzon, Pietro (2002). Associazione Pro Loco di Refrontolo: 1962-2002, 40 Anni di Attività (Storia, Tradizioni, Aneddoti, Curiosità) (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Mietto, Paolo; Sauro, Ugo (2000). Grotte del Veneto: Paesaggi Carsici e Grotte del Veneto (in Italian). Vago: La Grafica. ISBN 978-8898513512.
Michelon, Bruno; Tomasi, Giovanni (2003). Gente di Tarzo (in Italian). Godega di Sant'Urbano: Dario De Bastiani Editore. ISBN 978-8884660411.
Mies, Giorgio (1989). Santi Nell'Arte tra Piave e Livenza (in Italian). Treviso: Sinistra Piave Servizi Editore.
Monterumici, Domenico (1870). Annuario Statistico-Amministrativo della Provincia di Treviso (in Italian). Treviso: Luigi Priuli Press.
Monterumici, Domenico (1886). Invasione Colerica (1885-86) nella Provincia di Treviso: Studio Statistico-Amministrativo (in Italian). Treviso.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Morgan, Ernesto (1996). Il Molinetto della Croda Racconta... Memorie di Ernesto Morgan (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo: Nuova Stampa.
Olivieri, Dante (1914). Saggio di Una Illustrazione Generale della Toponomastica Veneta (in Italian). Città di Castello.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Passolunghi, Pier Angelo (1985). Archivio per Susegana (in Italian). Treviso: Grafiche Marini.
Passolunghi, Pier Angelo (1987). I Collalto: Linee, Documenti, Genealogie per Una Storia del Casato (in Italian and Latin). Treviso: B&M Edizioni.
Passolunghi, Pier Angelo (2002). Le Contee di Collalto e di San Salvatore: Gli Statuti del 1581-83 e Altre Norme Inedite. Collana Fondazione Castello San Salvatore (in Italian). Cornuda: Castello S. Salvatore. ISBN 978-8890083402.
Pellegrini, Giovan Battista (1987). Ricerche di Toponomastica Veneta. Rete ita di Cultura Popolare (in Italian and Venetian). Padova: CLESP.
Perin, Giuseppe (1993). Refrontolo: Famiglie e Cognomi dal 1624 (in Italian). Vittorio Veneto.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Perin, Giuseppe (1998). Refrontolo: Volti e Immagini del Passato (in Italian). Vittorio Veneto.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Rizzi, Paolo (2000). Mostra Retrospettiva di Angelo Lorenzon. Catalog (in Italian). Mestrino.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Rorato, Giampiero (2002). Il Prosecco di Conegliano-Valdobbiadene. Enoica (in Italian). Sona: Morganti Editori. ISBN 978-8887549324.
Ruzza, Vincenzo (1992). Dizionario Biografico Vittoriese e della Sinistra Piave. Sistema Bibliotecario del Vittoriese (in Italian). Vittorio Veneto: Dario De Bastiani Editore.
Spada, Mario (1992). Diario dell'Invasione: Refrontolo 9 Novembre 1917 - 30 Ottobre 1918 (in Italian). Vittorio Veneto.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Titonel, Damira (2001). La Libertà Va Conquistata: Un'Emigrante Trevigiana nella Resistenza Francese (A Cura di Carmela Mantone). Nord Est (in Italian). Caselle: Cierre Edizioni. ISBN 978-8883141263.
Tomasi, Giovanni (1983). Dizionario del Dialetto di Revine. Serie Dizionari (in Italian). Vol. II. Belluno: Istituto Bellunese di Ricerche Sociali e Culturali.
Tomasi, Giovanni (1998). La Diocesi di Ceneda: Chiese e Uomini dalle Origini al 1586 (in Italian). Vittorio Veneto: Diocese of Vittorio Veneto.
Varnier, P. (1994). Refrontolo nella Storia (in Italian). Vittorio Veneto.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Verci, Giambatista B. (1979–1983). Storia della Marca Trevigiana e Veronese 1739-1795. 20 Volumes Collected in 10 Tomes (in Italian) (Anastatic Reprint (1786 Edition) ed.). Bologna: Arnaldo Forni.
Vv.Aa. (2001). Ville Venete: la Provincia di Treviso (a Cura di Chiovaro Simonetta). Ville Venete (in Italian). Venezia: Marsilio. ISBN 978-8831777629.
Zamboni, Alberto (1983). Le Origini del Cristianesimo tra Piave e Livenza, da Roma a Carlo Magno. L'Azione (in Italian). Vol. Toponomastica e Storia Religiosa Fino al IX Secolo [5]. Vittorio Veneto: TIPSE. pp. 45–78.




Notes






References

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Refrontolo
• Indesit
• Province of Treviso
• Conegliano
• Straw wine
• List of municipalities of the Province of Treviso
• Alphabetical list of municipalities of Italy
• List of municipalities of Veneto
• Collalto, Susegana
• Pieve di Soligo