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    • Source: Royal Court of Justice

      • The Bhutanese Royal Court of Justice (Dzongkha: ą½‘ą½”ą½£ą¼‹ą½£ą¾”ą½“ą¼‹ą½ ą½–ą¾²ą½“ą½‚ą¼‹ą½”ą½ ą½²ą¼‹ą½‘ą¾²ą½„ą¼‹ą½ą¾²ą½²ą½˜ą½¦ą¼‹ą½£ą¾·ą½“ą¼‹ą½¦ą¾”ą½ŗą¼‹; Wylie Dpal-ldan 'Brug-pai Drang-khrims Lhan-sde; Palden Drukpa Drangkhrim Lhende) is the government body which oversees the judicial system of Bhutan. Senior Judges of the courts are appointed by the monarch. Bhutan's legal system is influenced by English common law. The Royal Court of Justice is based in the capital Thimphu.


      Background


      The Bhutanese justice system has always suffered from a lack of qualified officers with most of the office-holders being civil servants. Until the passing of the National Judicial Service Act of 2007, Judges were still a part of the Bhutanese civil service.


      Codification in 2008 constitution


      In 2008, the Constitution of Bhutan codified the substantive and procedural framework of the Royal Court of Justice. Article 21 of the Constitution establishes a system of royal appointments for the High Court and Supreme Court, and sets forth the role of each level of administration.
      The Chief Justice, an appointee of the King, sits for a five-year term and chairs the National Judicial Commission, a royal agency. (Art. 21, Ā§Ā§ 4, 6, 17) The Chief Justice is to participate in several extrajudicial functions, including the Regency Council; presiding over joint sessions of the Parliament of Bhutan for abdication procedures; and presiding over political impeachment proceedings. (Art. 2, Ā§Ā§ 8, 23; Art. 32, Ā§ 3)
      All Constitutionally appointed judges other than the Chief Justice serve ten-year terms. (Art. 21, Ā§Ā§ 6, 13) There is, however, a mandatory retirement at age 65 for all Judges of the Supreme Court. (Art. 21, Ā§ 6) The Chief Justice and the Drangpons of the High Court serve ten-year terms, or until mandatory retirement at age 60. (Art. 21, Ā§ 13) No Constitutionally appointed judge may be re-appointed. (Art. 31, Ā§ 4)


      Structure


      The Supreme Court of Bhutan - highest appellate court in Bhutan, authority on interpretation of laws
      The High Court of Bhutan - appellate and extraterritorial jurisdiction
      Administrative Tribunals established by Parliament
      The Dzongkhag Court - District courts (20)
      The Dungkhag Court - Sub-District courts (13 total in 6 Districts)


      See also


      Supreme Court of Bhutan
      High Court of Bhutan
      Dzongkhag Court
      Dungkhag Court
      Districts of Bhutan
      Constitution of Bhutan
      Politics of Bhutan
      Judicial system of Bhutan
      Judiciary


      Notes




      References


      "The Constitution of the Kingdom of Bhutan" (PDF). Government of Bhutan. 2008-07-18. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-06. Retrieved 2010-10-19.


      External links


      "ą¼„ą¼…ą¼ą¼ą½ ą½–ą¾²ą½“ą½‚ą¼‹ą½‚ą½²ą¼‹ą½¢ą¾©ą¼‹ą½ą¾²ą½²ą½˜ą½¦ą¼‹ą½†ą½ŗą½“ą¼‹ą½˜ą½¼ą¼ą¼" [The Constitution of the Kingdom of Bhutan] (PDF) (in Dzongkha). Government of Bhutan. 2008-07-18. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-06. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
      "Royal Court of Justice of Bhutan". Government of Bhutan. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
      "Laws of Bhutan". Bhutannica. Retrieved 2010-10-19.

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