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  • Source: Russian cruiser Izumrud

    • Izumrud (Russian: Š˜Š·ŃƒŠ¼Ń€ŃƒŠ“, meaning "Emerald") was a protected cruiser of the Imperial Russian Navy, and the lead ship in the two-ship Izumrud class. Izumrud and her sister ship Zhemchug were based on the German-built Novik.


    Background


    Izumrud was ordered as part of the Imperial Russian Navy's plan to expand the Russian Pacific Fleet based at Port Arthur and Vladivostok to counter the growing threat posed by the Imperial Japanese Navy towards Russian hegemony in Manchuria and Korea.


    Operational history


    Izumrud was laid down at the Nevsky Shipyard in Saint Petersburg, Russia on 1 January 1901. However, construction was delayed due to priority given to completion of Novik. The Zakladka, or formal ceremony of laying a plate, took place on 14 June 1902. Izumrud was launched on 1 October 1903. Construction continued to be plagued by delays, including an ice storm in December. However, with the start of the Russo-Japanese War in early 1904, construction efforts were greatly accelerated.
    Izumrud was formally commissioned in January 1904 and she was assigned to the Second Pacific Squadron of the Russian Pacific Fleet.


    = During the Russo-Japanese War

    =
    Under the overall command of Admiral Zinovy Rozhestvensky, Izumrud was part of the Second Pacific Squadron intended to relieve the Japanese siege of Port Arthur. Captained by Commander Vasili Fersen, she participated in the decisive Battle of Tsushima from 27ā€“28 May 1905. At the end of the battle, Fersen refused to obey the order of Admiral Nikolai Nebogatov to surrender, and used her speed to escape through the Japanese blockade. However, on the night of 28 May, she ran aground in Vladimir Bay 43Ā°54ā€²N 135Ā°30ā€²E in the Russian Maritime Province. She was destroyed by explosive charges set by her crew, who later reached Vladivostok by land.


    Notes




    References


    Brook, Peter (2000). "Armoured Cruiser vs. Armoured Cruiser: Ulsan 14 August 1904". In Preston, Antony (ed.). Warship 2000ā€“2001. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-791-0.
    Budzbon, Przemysław (1985). "Russia". In Gray, Randal (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906ā€“1921. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 291ā€“325. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
    Campbell, N. J. M. (1979). "Russia". In Chesneau, Roger & Kolesnik, Eugene M. (eds.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860ā€“1905. New York: Mayflower Books. pp. 170ā€“217. ISBN 0-8317-0302-4.
    McLaughlin, Stephen (1999). "From Ruirik to Ruirik: Russia's Armoured Cruisers". In Preston, Antony (ed.). Warship 1999ā€“2000. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-724-4.
    Watts, Anthony J. (1990). The Imperial Russian Navy. London: Arms and Armour. ISBN 0-85368-912-1.


    External links


    Media related to Izumrud (ship, 1903) at Wikimedia Commons

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