• Source: Sagrinae

The Sagrinae are a subfamily of the leaf beetles, or Chrysomelidae.




Description


Beetles of this subfamily are also known as "frog-legged beetles" or "kangaroo beetles". They are very distinctive due to their metafemora, or third pair of legs, which are distinctly larger than other femora and generally sport some type of ridge or tooth on the ventral side. It is theorized that the evolutionary function of the large metafemora is to hold the beetle on vegetation for feeding.
These beetles grow to be 1-2 inches in length, and display sexual dimorphism, with the males of the subfamilies being almost twice the size of the females. Males also have significantly larger metafemora than females.
Other identifying features include deep sutural stria, a prognathous head without a median sulcus and with cruciform grooves, a narrow pronotum, and commonly deeply indented eyes. They also have functional wings that aren't used often.
Most beetles of the subfamily display bright colors.




Distribution and ecology


This subfamily is found in Asia and has been observed in Malaysia, Java, Sumatra, Borneo, and the Philippines. It prefers dense tropical jungles for its habitat. There is fossil evidence that suggests these beetles lived in North America and Europe millions of years ago.




Reproduction


There is not much known about reproduction and development in this subfamily, however species in the subfamily often sport large cocoons in the post-larval stage which are commonly found on vining plants.
The cocoons represent a phylogenetic relationship with a type of bacteria called Enterobacteriaceae because the bacteria play a role in the construction of the cocoons. This bacterium also functions as an intracellular symbiont with this subfamily of beetle, and lives in four large blind sacs at the larval foregut. The bacteria provide much needed nutrients throughout the beetle's life cycle.




Genera


Ametalla Hope, 1840
Atalasis Lacordaire, 1845
Carpophagus MacLeay, 1827
Coolgardica Blackburn, 1899
Diaphanops Schönherr, 1845
Duboulaia Baly, 1871
Mecynodera Hope, 1840
Megamerus MacLeay, 1827
Neodiaphanops Blackburn, 1899
Polyoptilus Germar, 1848
Prionesthis Lacordaire, 1845 (synonym: Rhagiosoma Chapuis, 1878)
Pseudotoxotus Blackburn, 1889
Sagra Fabricius, 1792
†Eosagra Haupt, 1950 – Geiseltal, Germany, Middle Eocene
†Gallopsis Legalov, Kirejtshuk & Nel, 2019 – Menat Formation, France, Middle Paleocene
†Palaeatalasis Legalov, 2021 – Green River Formation, Utah, Eocene (Ypresian)
†Pulchritudo Krell & Vitali, 2021 – Green River Formation, Colorado, Eocene (Ypresian)




References

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Sagrinae
• Leaf beetle
• Sagra buqueti
• Sagra (beetle)
• Sagra femorata
• Paleobiota of the Green River Formation
• Sagra purpurea
• Shinsaku Kimoto
• List of things named after David Attenborough and his works
• Samarendra Maulik