• Source: Sangad Chaloryu
    • Admiral Sangad Chaloryu (Thai: สงัด ชลออยู่; RTGS: Sa-ngat Chaloyu; 4 March 1915 – 23 November 1980) was a Thai admiral and politician who served as head of the National Administrative Reform Council (NARC), a military junta that ruled Thailand from 1976 to 1980.


      Education


      Sangad studied at the Vichaibamrungraj School in Chai Nat Province and then moved to Uthai Witthayakhom School in Uthai Thani Province. He later moved to Bangkok to study in Bansomdejchaopraya School in the navy district Thon Buri District. After graduating from high school, he studied at the Royal Thai Naval Academy, and continued his studies at the National Defence College of Thailand and Naval War College.


      Careers


      Sangad was considered to be a right-wing hawk and close to the CIA. In the 1930s as a young Naval Midshipman, he had trained in Nazi Germany in radar operations. As commander of a naval flotilla in 1954, he helped French Marines and elite forces escape from Vietnam after Hanoi was overrun by the Vietminh. He also held the important positions of Submarine Squadron Commander, Assistant Chief of Staff (operation), Commander of the Royal Thai Fleet, Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Royal Thai Navy, and Commander in Chief of the Royal Thai Navy then Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces.


      Coup leader


      As defense minister, Sangad led the coup of October 6, 1976. This coup ousted the elected civilian government of Seni Pramoj. Sangad became chairman of NARC, which appointed royal favorite Thanin Kraivichien as Prime Minister. The Thanin government instituted sweeping purges of leftists and communists. Sangad was a figurehead and Army Secretary Kriangsak Chomanan was NARC's most influential figure. In October 1977, NARC staged a second coup (this time without the king's consent), and replaced Thanin with Kriangsak.


      Non-military activities


      Member of the House of Representatives
      Member of the Constituent Assembly
      Senator
      Minister of Defense
      Leader of 1976 coup
      Leader of March 1977 coup attempt
      President of the National Policy Council
      Member of the 1973 National Legislative Assembly


      Died


      Sangad died from a heart attack on 23 November 1980 at Klaeng District Hospital, Rayong Province, at age 65 years.


      Honours


      received the following royal decorations in the Honours System of Thailand:

      Knight Grand Cordon of The Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant
      Knight Grand Cordon of The Most Noble Order of the Crown of Thailand
      Knight Grand Commander of The Most Illustrious Order of Chula Chom Klao
      Victory Medal - Franco-Thai War
      Victory Medal - World War II
      Victory Medal - Korean War
      Freeman Safeguarding Medal, 1st Class
      Border Service Medal
      Chakra Mala Medal
      King Rama IX Royal Cypher Medal, 3rd Class
      25th Buddhist Century Celebration Medal


      = Foreign honours

      =
      UN :
      United Nations Service Medal Korea
      Taiwan :
      Order of the Cloud and Banner, 9th Class
      Order of Precious Tripod with Grand Cordon
      South Korea :
      Order of National Security Merit,Tong-il Medal
      Indonesia :
      Navy Meritorious Service Star, Utama Class
      USA :
      Commander of the Legion of Merit


      References

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