- Source: Sap beetle
The sap beetles, also known as Nitidulidae, are a family of beetles.
They are small (2–6 mm) ovoid, usually dull-coloured beetles, with knobbed antennae. Some have red or yellow spots or bands. They feed mainly on decaying vegetable matter, over-ripe fruit, and sap. Some sap beetle species coexist with fungi species and live in habitats of coniferous trees. These fungi-dependent beetles are found in all across Europe and Siberia and are the biggest nutudulid species known in those areas. Other species like the Australian Chychramptodes murrayi are known to feed on scale insects. There are a few pest species, like the strawberry sap beetle that infest crops in Brazil between the months of August and February.
Some common sap beetles include:
the picnic beetle, Glischrochilus quadrisignatus
the dusky sap beetle, Carpophilus lugubris
the strawberry sap beetle, Stelidota geminata
the small hive beetle, Aethina tumida
The oldest unambiguous fossils of the family date to the Early Cretaceous, belonging to the genus Crepuraea from the Aptian aged Zaza Formation of Russia.
Classification
The family includes these genera:
Subfamily Calonecrinae Kirejtshuk, 1982
Subfamily Maynipeplinae Kirejtshuk, 1998
Subfamily Epuraeinae Kirejtshuk, 1986
Subfamily Carpophilinae Erichson, 1842
Carpophilus Stephens, 1830
Epuraea Erichson, 1843
Urophorus Murray, 1864
Subfamily Amphicrossinae Kirejtshuk, 1986
Subfamily Meligethinae Thomson, 1859
Meligethes Stephens, 1830
Pria Stephens, 1830
Subfamily Nitidulinae Latreille, 1802
Amphotis Erichson, 1843
Cychramus Kugelann, 1794
Cyllodes Erichson, 1843
Ipidia Erichson, 1843
Miskoramus Kirejtshuk & Lawrence, 1992
Nitidula Fabricius, 1775
Omosita Erichson, 1843
Physoronia Reitter, 1884
Pocadius Erichson, 1843
Soronia Erichson, 1843
Thalycra Erichson, 1843
Tumida Murray, 1867
Subfamily Cillaeinae Kirejtshuk & Audisio, 1986
Cillaeopeplus Sharp, 1908
Subfamily Cryptarchinae Thomson, 1859
Cryptarcha Shuckard, 1839
Glischrochilus Reitter, 1873
Pityophagus Shuckard, 1839
Subfamily Cybocephalinae Jacquelin du Val, 1858 (now frequently elevated to family status as Cybocephalidae)
Cybocephalus Erichson, 1844
Pastillus Endrödy-Younga, 1962
Subfamily Prometopinae
Prometopia
incertae sedis
Apetinus
Conotelus
Cyrtostolus
Eunitidula
Eupetinus
Gonioryctus
Goniothorax
Haptoncus
Kateretes
Nesapterus
Nesopetinus
Notopeplus
Orthostolus
Stelidota
Urophorus
References
External links
sap beetles of Florida on the UF / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site
Keys for the identification of British Nitidulidae (the pollen beetles)
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
6.774
7.203
7.1
7.378
7.3
6.668
7.939
6.759
5.514
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