• Source: Sha (Cyrillic)

Sha, She or Shu, alternatively transliterated Ša (Ш ш; italics: Ш ш) is a letter of the Glagolitic and Cyrillic scripts. It commonly represents the voiceless postalveolar fricative /ʃ/, like the pronunciation of sh in "ship". More precisely, the sound in Russian denoted by ш is commonly transcribed as a palatoalveolar fricative but is actually a voiceless retroflex fricative /ʂ/. It is used in every variation of the Cyrillic alphabet for Slavic and non-Slavic languages.
In English, Sha is romanized as sh or as š, the latter being the equivalent letter in the Latin alphabets of Czech, Slovak, Slovene, Serbo-Croatian, Macedonian, Latvian and Lithuanian.




History


Sha has its earliest origins in Phoenician Shin and is possibly linked closely to Shin's Greek equivalent: Sigma (Σ, σ, ς). (The similar form of the modern Hebrew Shin (ש), which is probably where the Cyrillic letter was actually derived from, derives from the same Proto-Canaanite source). Sha already possessed its current form in Saints Cyril and Methodius's Glagolitic alphabet. Most Cyrillic letter-forms were derived from the Greek, but as there was no Greek sign for the Sha sound (modern Greek uses simply "Σ/σ/ς" to spell the sh-sound in foreign words and names), Glagolitic Sha (Ⱎ) was adopted unchanged. There is also a possibility that Sha was taken from the Coptic alphabet, which is the same as the Greek alphabet but with a few letters added at the end, including one called "shai" (Ϣϣ) which somewhat resembles both sha and shcha (Щ, щ) in appearance. There is also a possibility that Sha was taken from the Arabic letter ش.




Usage


Sha is used in the alphabets of all Slavic languages using a Cyrillic alphabet, and of most non-Slavic languages which use a Cyrillic alphabet. The position in the alphabet and the sound represented by the letter vary from language to language.




Use in mathematics


The Cyrillic letter Ш is internationally used in mathematics for several concepts:
In algebraic geometry, the Tate–Shafarevich group of an Abelian variety A over a field K is denoted Ш(A/K), a notation first suggested by J. W. S. Cassels. (Previously it had been denoted TS.) Presumably the choice comes from the first letter of Шафаре́вич = Shafarevich.
In a different mathematical context, some authors allude to the shape of the letter Sha when they use the term Shah function for what is otherwise called a Dirac comb.
The shuffle product is often denoted by ш.




Related letters


ش : Arabic letter ش
श: Devanagari letter श
ष: Devanagari letter ष
श़: Devanagari letter श़
Ⱎ : Glagolitic letter Sha/ša
Ⱋ : Glagolitic letter Shta/šta or Shcha/šča
Щ щ : Cyrillic letter Shcha
⧢ : Shuffle product
Ʃ ʃ : Latin letter Esh
Š š : Latin letter S with caron
Ŝ ŝ : Latin letter S with circumflex
Ş ş : Latin letter S with cedilla
Ș ș : Latin letter S with comma below




Computing codes






References






External links


The dictionary definition of Ш at Wiktionary
The dictionary definition of ш at Wiktionary

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Sha (Kiril)
• Alfabet Kiril
• Alfabet Kiril awal
• Shwe (Kiril)
• Shcha (Kiril)
• Bahasa Rusia
• Sje (Kiril)
• Alfabet Kiril Ukraina
• T (Kiril)
• Sha (Cyrillic)
• Sha
• Sha with breve
• Shwe (Cyrillic)
• SZA (disambiguation)
• SH
• Te (Cyrillic)
• Che Sha
• Shcha
• Š