- Source: Sovereign Poland
Sovereign Poland (Polish: Suwerenna Polska, SP), also known as United Poland (Polish: Solidarna Polska; alternatively translated to Solidarity Poland), until 2023, was a Catholic-nationalist political party in Poland led by Zbigniew Ziobro. It was founded in 2012, as the Catholic-nationalist split from the Law and Justice, with whom they later formed the United Right alliance in 2014. Sovereign Poland merged with Law and Justice on 12 October 2024.
Ideology
The party has been described as national-conservative, nationalist, and Catholic-nationalist. It was also staunchly socially conservative. It was opposed to abortion and euthanasia, and supported extending maternity leave to nine months. It was eurosceptic, Anti-LGBT and its staunch opposition to same-sex marriage was cited as a main reason it left the ECR group in the European Parliament in 2012. It has also been described as right-wing populist mainly due to their opposition to immigration. It has been described as right-wing and far-right.
In its 2013 program, United Poland called for the government intervention in the economy, especially tax policy. The party has called for a 'fat cat' tax on big companies, including supermarkets, and backs higher taxes on those who earn over 10,000 złotych (€2,400) a month.
During the tenure of then-United Poland leader Zbigniew Ziobro as Minister of Justice, Ziobro was the architect of judicial reforms to the Constitutional Tribunal, which resulted in the Polish Constitutional Tribunal crisis. Law and Justice Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki has blamed United Poland for failures associated with these reforms, while Ziobro has criticised Law and Justice and President Andrzej Duda for blocking elements of the reform package.
In 2022, United Poland called for tougher blasphemy laws in Poland, such as three-year jail terms for insulting church or interrupting Mass.
History
After Ziobro and fellow MEPs Tadeusz Cymański and Jacek Kurski were ejected from PiS for disloyalty on 4 November 2011, Ziobro's supporters within PiS formed a new group in the Sejm. Despite claims that the new group was not attempting to form a new party, the MPs were expelled from Law and Justice. The party was founded in 2012 by Law and Justice (PiS) MEP Zbigniew Ziobro, who led the party's conservative Catholic-nationalist faction.
In 2012, their MEPs left the European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) to join the Europe of Freedom and Democracy (EFD) group in opposition to the ECR's more liberal stance on gay marriage, its support for the EU's climate change policy, and its advocacy of cuts to the Common Agricultural Policy.
The party was officially launched on 24 March 2012. At the time, opinion polls put the party just around 2%. In a 2020 poll, it found that if the party ran independent from the United Right it would gain 5.4% votes.
Sovereign Poland merged with Law and Justice on 12 October 2024 during PiS congress in Przysucha, despite concerns from some high-ranking members of both parties.
Representatives
= Members of the Sejm
=Mariusz Kałużny (5 - Toruń)
Jan Kanthak (6 - Lublin)
Marcin Romanowski (7 - Chełm)
Tadeusz Woźniak (11 – Sieradz)
Edward Siarka (14 - Nowy Sącz)
Norbert Kaczmarczyk (15 - Tarnów)
Jacek Ozdoba (16 - Płock)
Sebastian Kaleta (19 - Warsaw I)
Janusz Kowalski (21 - Opole)
Maria Kurowska (22 - Krosno)
Piotr Uruski (22 - Krosno)
Marcin Warchoł (23 - Rzeszów)
Zbigniew Ziobro (23 - Rzeszów)
Sebastian Łukaszewicz (24 - Białystok)
Michał Woś (30 - Bielsko-Biała II)
Michał Wójcik (31 - Katowice II)
Mariusz Gosek (33 - Kielce)
Dariusz Matecki (41 - Szczecin)
= Member of the Senate
=Mieczysław Golba (Senate Constituency no. 58)
= Members of the European Parliament
=Patryk Jaki (Lesser Poland and Świętokrzyskie)
Jacek Ozdoba (Masovian)
Election results
= Presidential
== Sejm
=Leader:
Zbigniew Ziobro
Vice-Leaders:
Beata Kempa
Michał Woś
Michał Wójcik
Secretary:
Piotr Cieplucha
Chairman of the General Council:
Edward Siarka
= Senate
== European Parliament
=Notes
References
External links
(in Polish) United Poland official website
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Britania Raya
- Albert II dari Monako
- Argentina
- Dwight D. Eisenhower
- Frederik X dari Denmark
- Registrasi pesawat
- Margrethe II dari Denmark
- Pangeran Edward, Adipati Kent
- Zbigniew dari Polandia
- Keterlibatan Amerika Serikat dalam pergantian rezim
- Sovereign Poland
- National Independence Day (Poland)
- United Right (Poland)
- Partitions of Poland
- List of Polish monarchs
- 2024 in Poland
- Janusz Korczak
- Third Partition of Poland
- Sovereignty
- Second Polish Republic
