• Source: The Rise of the Penitentiary

The Rise of the Penitentiary: Prisons and Punishment in Early America is a history of the origins of the penitentiary in the United States, depicting its beginnings and expansion. It was written by Adam J. Hirsch and published by Yale University Press on June 24, 1992.




Synopsis


This book explores the ideas used to justify imprisoning people as punishment in the early United States. Hirsch, the author, uses Massachusetts as the template. He traces how ideas about prisons transition from being discussed in theory to becoming physical buildings and implemented systems. Hirsch also shows that there wasn't just one compelling reason behind favoring penitentiaries as a solution. There were many conflicting beliefs. Thus, this made prison philosophy complicated and ultimately deficient.
Hirsch argues that the idea of using prisons as punishment was based on three different lines of thinking that came together. First, there were ideas from 17th century England about workhouses. It was believed that workhouses reduce crime and poverty by teaching new skills to people who were incarcerated. Second, there was the 18th century European concept of "rational criminology." This approach suggested that if punishments were consistent and not based on the death penalty, crime could be controlled by the state. Finally, derived from late 18th century England was the idea of "reclamation." This philanthropic belief held that prisons could not only retrain people, but actually change their entire personality and character.




See also


Discipline and Punish by Michel Foucault
Penitentiaries, Reformatories, and Chain Gangs by Mark Colvin
The Rise of the Penitentiary in New York by W. David Lewis
The History of United States prison systems
The Penitentiary




References






Further reading


Hirsch, Adam J. (1982). "From Pillory to Penitentiary: The Rise of Criminal Incarceration in Early Massachusetts". Michigan Law Review. 80 (6): 1179–1269. doi:10.2307/1288577. JSTOR 1288577. Free PDF download
Rothman, David J. (1997). "Perfecting the Prison: United States, 1789-1865". The Oxford History of the Prison. pp. 100–116. doi:10.1093/oso/9780195118148.003.0004. ISBN 978-0-19-511814-8. Free PDF download.
Adamson, Christopher (2001). "Evangelical Quakerism and the Early American Penitentiary Revisited: The Contributions of Thomas Eddy, Roberts Vaux, John Griscom, Stephen Grellet, Elisha Bates, and Isaac Hopper". Quaker History. 90 (2): 35–58. doi:10.1353/qkh.2001.0016. JSTOR 41947469. S2CID 159619264.
Bourque, Monique (1993). "Reviewed work: The Rise of the Penitentiary: Prisons and Punishment in Early America, Adam H. Hirsch". Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies. 60 (2): 220–221. JSTOR 27773625.
Crocker, Ruth (1994). "Reviewed work: The Rise of the Penitentiary: Prisons and Punishment in Early America, Adam J. Hirsch". Journal of Social History. 27 (3): 641–643. doi:10.1353/jsh/27.3.641. JSTOR 3789010.
Donnelly, Michael (1994). "Reviewed work: The Rise of the Penitentiary: Prisons and Punishment in Early America., Adam J. Hirsch". Contemporary Sociology. 23 (1): 116–117. doi:10.2307/2074919. JSTOR 2074919.




External links


Official website
Damon Horowitz: Philosophy in prison. Video. Ted Talks, 2011. YouTube.

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Victorville, California
• Hal Jordan
• Danny Trejo
• Wynton Marsalis
• The Rise of the Penitentiary
• The Rise of the Penitentiary in New York
• Sing Sing
• Prison
• Supermax prison
• History of United States prison systems
• Penitentiaries, Reformatories, and Chain Gangs
• Huntsville Unit
• Owenism
• Louisiana State Penitentiary