- Source: Tilletia barclayana
Tilletia barclayana is a plant pathogen that infects rice, signalgrass, pearl millet, and crabgrass. The pathogen corrupts the crops it infects, causing black busts to appear on the crops, which then become discolored and smutted.
History
Tilletia barclayana can live up to 2 years or more while in a host, and is found largely worldwide. Although the origin of the pathogen is unknown, it was first reported in the 1980s.
Impact
Tilletia barclayana spreads between nearby plants, leading to an increased loss. Due to this impact scientists are attempting to make these crops more resistant to the pathogen. As of now, the main method of controlling the pathogen is by pulling the infected crops directly from the ground.
Control
Out of salicylic acid and plant extracts of Ammi visnaga, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Artemisia judaica, Mentha viridis, Syzygium aromaticum and Eucalyptus globulus, M. viridis and S. aromaticum were most effective in prevention of T. barclayana infection. All the tested solutions did provide some level of protection however.
References
Further reading
Reyes, G.M. (January 1933). "The black smut or bunt of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the Philippines". Philippine Journal of Agriculture. 4: 241-270. OCLC 5151224.
Kameswar Row, K.V.S.R. (1962). "Incidence of 'bunt' disease on rice". Science and Culture. 28: 534-535.
Chauhan, L.S.; Verma, S.C. (1964). "Bunt resistance paddy varieties in Uttar Pradesh". Science and Culture. 30: 201.
Cartwright, RD; Lee, FN; Parsons, CE; Ross, WJ; Vann, SR; Overton, R (1999). "Monitoring of rice disease and on-farm evaluation of rice varieties in Arkansas". In Norman, R.J.; Johnston, T.H. (eds.). B.R. Research Series 468. Fayetteville: Arkansas Agriculture Experimental Station. pp. 148–156.
Akhtar, M.A.; Sarwar, M (1987). "Incidence of rice kernel smut in Pakistan". Pakistan Agricultural Research Council. International Rice Research Newsletter. 12: 15-16.
Gill, KS; Sharma, I; Aujla, SS (1993). Karnal bunt and wheat production. Ludhiana: Punjab Agricultural University.
Kumar, I; Kang, M.S.; Saini, S.S. (1978). "Fertilizer levels and incidence of bunt disease in rice in India". International Rice Research Newsletter. 3: 5.
External links
Index Fungorum
USDA ARS Fungal Database