- Source: Timeline of Plymouth
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Plymouth, Devon, England.
Prior to 17th century
1086 – The Domesday Book records Plymouth as Sudtone (Sutton) and records only 7 households and a total annual revenue of £1. The lord of the manor before 1066 had been Edward the Confessor.
1254 – Town status recognised.
1276 – Plymouth first recorded as a borough.
1291 – St. Andrew church built.
1292 - Returned first members to parliament.
1371 – Royal Chapel of St Katherine-upon-the-Hoe licensed.
early 15th C. - Plymouth Castle built.
1403 – Town burned by Bretons.
1404 – Town wall constructed.
1431 – Dominican monastery built.
1439
Town granted charter by Parliament.
Market and fair active.
1532 - Birth of Sir John Hawkins naval commander.
1542 – Antiquary John Leland visits and records "The towne of Plymmouth is very large."
1572 – Grammar school founded.
1577 - Francis Drake's circumnavigation began in Plymouth.
1579 – Plague.
1580 – 26 September: Francis Drake's ship Golden Hind returns to Plymouth at the conclusion of his circumnavigation which began in 1577.
1581 – Plague.
1588 – 19 July: Fifty-five English ships sail from Plymouth under the command of Lord Howard of Effingham and Sir Francis Drake to fight the Spanish Armada. The fleets first engage on 21 July off the Eddystone Rocks.
1591 – 24 April: Drake's Leat first brings fresh water to Plymouth from Dartmoor.
17th–18th centuries
1620 – 6 September: Mayflower ship departs for New England, arriving in November.
1644 – The Siege of Plymouth by Royalist forces under Sir Richard Grenville in the English Civil War.
1652 – 26 August: Battle of Plymouth occurs offshore in the First Anglo-Dutch War.
1657 – Charles Church built.
1658 – Post house established.
1670 – Citadel built on the Hoe.
1671 – Royal Chapel of St Katherine-upon-the-Hoe rebuilt (approximate date).
1690 – 30 December: Work starts on construction of the Royal Dockyard at Devonport.
1694 – 3 April: First new ships launched from the Royal Dockyard: advice boats Postboy and Messenger; the first warship is launched in 1696, fifth-rate HMS Looe.
1696 – Work starts on Henry Winstanley's first Eddystone Lighthouse, 12 miles (19 km) off Plymouth Sound.
1718 – Plymouth Weekly Journal in publication.
1758
Theatre built.
Plymouth and Portsmouth Fortifications Act 1758 (32 Geo. 2. c. 30) passed by Parliament.
1759 – Smeaton's Tower completed as the third Eddystone Lighthouse.
1762 – Plymouth Synagogue built.
1768 – Cookworthy's porcelain factory established.
1770 – Plymouth Improvement Act 1770 (10 Geo. 3. c. 14) passed by Parliament.
1773 – Stonehouse Bridge constructed.
1781 – Plymouth (Poor Relief, etc.) Act 1781 (21 Geo. 3. c. 72) passed by Parliament.
1790 – New Pier constructed at Sutton Pool.
1793 – Plymouth Gin first produced at the Plymouth Gin Distillery.
1798 – 3 April: HMS Pallas wrecked offshore.
1800 – Guildhall built.
19th century
1808 – Plymouth Gazette begins publication.
1810 – Plymouth Proprietary Library founded.
1811 – Theatre/Hotel building constructed.
1812
Plymouth Institution (now The Plymouth Athenaeum) founded.
Plymouth Breakwater construction begins.
1813
Port of Plymouth Chamber of Commerce established.
Exchange building constructed.
1815 – 26 July: Napoleon Bonaparte enters Plymouth Sound aboard HMS Bellerophon, awaiting transportation to exile in Saint Helena.
1819 – The Plymouth Athenaeum building designed by John Foulston opens.
1820 – Plymouth Herald and Plymouth Journal newspapers begin publication.
1823 – 26 September: Plymouth and Dartmoor Railway (horse-worked) opened for granite traffic to Sutton Pool.
1826 – Plymouth Mechanics' Institute founded.
1828
Royal Union Baths built.
Plymouth, Devonport, and Cornwall Races begin.
1829
Museum of the Plymouth Institution built.
Blue Friars (club) founded.
1831
Plymouth and Devonport Spring Races begin.
December: First meeting in England at Plymouth of the evangelical Christian movement which becomes known as the Plymouth Brethren.
1832 – Plymouth Times newspaper begins publication.
1835 - Royal William Victualling Yard construction completed.
1841 - Plymouth Breakwater constructed.
1844 – Lighthouse commissioned on Plymouth Breakwater.
1848 – 5 May: South Devon Railway opens to Plymouth.
1851
25 July: First Roman Catholic Bishop of Plymouth consecrated.
Plymouth Institution (later The Plymouth Athenaeum) merges with Devon and Cornwall Natural History Society.
1856
Plymouth Drawing School founded.
St Boniface's Catholic College founded.
1858 – 25 March: Plymouth Cathedral (Roman Catholic) opened.
1859 – 3 May: Royal Albert Bridge opens linking Plymouth by rail to Saltash.
1860 – Royal Commission on the Defence of the United Kingdom recommends a huge programme of fortifications for Plymouth, with a projected cost of £3,020,000.
1862 – Plymouth Lifeboat Station in operation.
1863 – St. Boniface Boys' Catholic School active.
1865
Plymouth Breakwater Fort built.
Duke of Cornwall Hotel in business.
1871 – Agaton Fort built.
1874 – Guildhall built.
1877
Plymouth College founded as a boys' school.
Plymouth railway station opened.
1880 - Plymouth Cathedral consecrated.
1882 – Smeaton's Tower is dismantled at the Eddystone for re-erection on Plymouth Hoe as a memorial.
1886 – 16 October: Argyle F.C. play their first match.
1889 – Grand Theatre opens.
1895 – 22 April: Western Evening Herald newspaper begins publication.
1898
5 September: New Palace Theatre of Varieties opens.
21 September: Burrator Reservoir opens to supply fresh water to Plymouth from Dartmoor.
1899 – Plymouth Institution (later The Plymouth Athenaeum) merges with Plymouth Mechanics' Institute.
20th century
1910 - Population: 126,266.
1914 – Plymouth, Devonport and East Stonehouse merge to form the County Borough of Plymouth.
1928 – Plymouth attains city status.
1929 – Old Plymouth Society founded.
1933 – Western Fascist newspaper begins publication.
1934 – Mayflower Steps monument erected.
1935
Tinside Pool (swimming pool) opens.
Lord Mayor appointed.
1940 – Plymouth Blitz:
6 July: Aerial bombing by German forces begins.
27 November: Bombing starts an oil storage depot fire at Turnchapel which burns for 5 days.
1941 – Plymouth Blitz:
15 March: Bombing in which 336 people lose their lives.
20 March: A royal visit is followed by a sustained period of bombing.
1944
May: Plymouth Blitz: Aerial bombing by German forces ends: about 1,000 people have been killed, 5,000 injured, 10,000 houses destroyed and 70,000 more damaged.
4 June: United States forces embarked at Saltash Passage, Cattedown, Turnchapel and other Plymouth hards set sail for the Normandy landings.
1945 – 29 September: Last trams in Plymouth run.
1958 – 5 April: Drake Cinema opens.
1961
29 April: Westward Television begins broadcasting.
The Plymouth Athenaeum reopens after destruction of original building in Blitz.
1967
1 April: Plympton and Plymstock become part of city.
28 May: Sir Francis Chichester arrives back in Plymouth on his yacht, Gypsy Moth IV, after completing his single-handed voyage around the world.
1968 – 8 August: Royal Navy Leander-class frigate HMS Scylla is launched at HMNB Devonport, the last ship to be built in a Royal Dockyard.
1971
Mayflower Centre (sport facility) built.
Plymouth College of Further Education, the future City College, building erected in Devonport.
1975 – 19 May: Plymouth Sound (radio) begins broadcasting.
1982
1 January: Television South West begins broadcasting.
St Boniface Arena opens.
1986 – Plymouth Citybus begins operating under this identity.
1991 – Plymouth Pavilions (sport facility) opens.
1992 – University of Plymouth chartered.
1994 – Marsh Mills Retail Park opens, including stores such as Sainsbury's and Homebase.
1998 – National Marine Aquarium opens.
1999 – Vue cinema opens.
21st century
2006 – Drake Circus Shopping Centre in business.
2009 – The Plymouth Athenaeum's theatre closes.
2010 – Radio Plymouth begins broadcasting.
2012 – The Plymouth Athenaeum celebrates bicentenary.
2015 – Waste incinerator (combined heat and power facility) built on former Dockyard land.
2017 – Beckley Point is completed.
2021 – Mass shooting occurs in the Keyham area of the city, killing six, including the gunman, and injuring two others.
See also
History of Plymouth
Timelines of other cities in South West England: Bath, Bristol, Exeter
References
Further reading
= Published in the 19th century
=1800s–1840s
John Britton; Edward Wedlake Brayley (1803), "Plymouth", Beauties of England and Wales, vol. 4, London: Vernor & Hood
Henry Woollcombe (1812). Picture of Plymouth. Plymouth: Rees & Curtis. OCLC 504893051.
George Alexander Cooke (c. 1822). "Plymouth". Topographical and Statistical Description of the County of Devon (3rd ed.). London: Sherwood, Neeley and Jones.
Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Plymouth", A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven, Connecticut: S. Converse
David Brewster, ed. (1832). "Plymouth". Edinburgh Encyclopædia. Vol. 15. Philadelphia: Joseph and Edward Parker. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t0gt5vw9n.
George Wightwick (1836), Nettleton's Guide to Plymouth, Stonehouse, Devonport, Plymouth: Edward Nettleton, OL 25479606M
"Plymouth", Leigh's New Pocket Road-Book of England and Wales (7th ed.), London: Leigh and Son, 1839
J. Pigot & Co. (c. 1839), "Plymouth", Devonshire, Pigot and Co.'s Pocket Atlas, Topography and Gazetteer of England, London
Stranger's Hand-Book, to the Western Metropolis; Containing a ... Description of Plymouth, Devonport, Stonehouse, and Neighborhood. Devonport: W. Wood & Son. 1841.
Samuel Lewis (1848), "Plymouth", Topographical Dictionary of England (7th ed.), London: S. Lewis and Co.
1850s–1890s
George Samuel Measom (1860), "Plymouth", Official Illustrated Guide to the Bristol and Exeter, North and South Devon, Cornwall, and South Wales Railways, London: Richard Griffin and Co., hdl:2027/wu.89097040505
Llewellynn Jewitt (1873). History of Plymouth. Simpkin, Marshall and Company.
"Plymouth", History, Gazetteer and Directory of the County of Devon including the City of Exeter (2nd ed.), Sheffield: William White, 1878
John Parker Anderson (1881), "Devonshire: Plymouth", Book of British Topography: a Classified Catalogue of the Topographical Works in the Library of the British Museum Relating to Great Britain and Ireland, London: W. Satchell
R.N. Worth (1883), "Plymouth", Tourist's Guide to South Devon (3rd ed.), London: Edward Stanford
R.N. Worth (1883). "Antiquity and Antiquities of Plymouth". Journal of the British Archaeological Association. 339. hdl:2027/coo.31924065841102.
Edward E. Meeres (1886). "Plymouth in the Eighteenth Century, from a Medical Point of View". Western Antiquary, or Notebook for Devon, Cornwall & Somerset. 6. Plymouth.
Richard Nicholls Worth (1893), Calendar of the Plymouth Municipal Records, Plymouth, OL 7179704M
"Plymouth", Handbook for Travellers in Devon (11th ed.), London: J. Murray, 1895, hdl:2027/nyp.33433075903538
"Portsmouth", Great Britain (4th ed.), Leipsic: Karl Baedeker, 1897, OCLC 6430424
Charles Gross (1897). "Plymouth". Bibliography of British Municipal History. New York: Longmans, Green, and Co.
F.M. Williams (1898), Plymouth as a Tourist and Health Resort, Plymouth: J.H. Keys
"Western Section: Plymouth". Book of Fair Devon. United Devon Association. 1900.
Henry Francis Whitfeld (1900), Plymouth and Devonport: in times of war and peace, Plymouth: E. Chapple, OL 7050021M
= Published in the 20th century
=Pictorial and Descriptive Guide to Plymouth, Stonehouse, Devonport, and South-West Devon. Half title:Plymouth and South-West Devon. London: Ward Lock & Co. c. 1901.
Charles E. Eldred and W.H.K. Wright (1901). Streets of Old Plymouth. Printed by J. H. Keys.
G.K. Fortescue, ed. (1902). "Plymouth, Devon". Subject Index of the Modern Works Added to the Library of the British Museum in the Years 1881–1900. London: The Trustees. pp. 6 v. hdl:2027/uc1.b5107013.
A. R. Hope Moncrieff (1902), "Plymouth", Black's Guide to Devonshire (17th ed.), London: A. & C. Black
J.G. Bartholomew (1904), "Plymouth", Survey Gazetteer of the British Isles, London: G. Newnes
W.H.K. Wright (1909). Story of Plymouth for Young and Old. Exeter: A. Wheaton.
de Watteville, Hermann Gaston (1911). "Plymouth (England)" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). pp. 861–863.
Bracken C.W., 1931, A History of Plymouth and her Neighbours, Underhill (Plymouth) Ltd.
A.H. Shorter and E.T. Woodley (1937). "Plymouth, Port and City". Geography. 22.
"City That Refused to Die", National Geographic, vol. 89, Washington, D.C., 1946 (describes Plymouth)
External links
"Plymouth Maritime History Timeline". Shipwrecks and History in Plymouth Sound. Plymouth, England: SHIPS Project. Archived from the original on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 7 September 2013.
"Devon", Historical Directories, UK: University of Leicester, archived from the original on 5 July 2013, retrieved 7 September 2013. Includes digitised directories of Plymouth area, various dates
Digital Public Library of America. Works related to Plymouth, various dates
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- Timeline of Plymouth
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