• Source: Troctomorpha

Troctomorpha is one of the three major suborders of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera)(barklice, booklice, and parasitic lice), alongside Psocomorpha and Trogiomorpha. There are more than 30 families and 5,800 described species in Troctomorpha. The order includes parasitic lice, which are most closely related to the booklice family Liposcelididae.




Cladogram


Cladogram showing the position of Troctomorpha within Psocodea:




Fossil record


The oldest record of the suborder is suggested to be Paramesopsocus adibi, known from the Late Jurassic Karabastau Formation of Kazakhstan.




Classification


Troctomorpha contains the following subgroups:

Infraorder: Amphientometae
Family: Amphientomidae Enderlein, 1903 (tropical barklice)
Family: Compsocidae Mockford, 1967
Family: Electrentomidae Enderlein, 1911
Family: Manicapsocidae Mockford, 1967
Family: Musapsocidae Mockford, 1967
Family: Protroctopsocidae Smithers, 1972
Family: Troctopsocidae Mockford, 1967
Infraorder: Nanopsocetae
Family: Liposcelididae Broadhead, 1950 (booklice)
Family: Pachytroctidae Enderlein, 1904 (thick barklice)
Family: Sphaeropsocidae Menon, 1941
Parvorder: Phthiraptera
Superfamily: Amblycera
Family: Ancistronidae
Family: Boopiidae Mjoberg, 1910
Family: Colpocephalidae Eichler, 1937
Family: Gliricolidae
Family: Gyropidae Kellogg, 1896
Family: Laemobothriidae Mjoberg, 1910
Family: Menoponidae Mjoberg, 1910 (chicken body lice)
Family: Pseudomenoponidae Mjoberg, 1910
Family: Ricinidae Neumann, 1890
Family: Somaphantidae Eichler, 1941
Family: Trimenoponidae
Family: Trinotonidae Eichler, 1941
Superfamily: Anoplura
Family: Echinophthiriidae Enderlein, 1904 (seal lice)
Family: Enderleinellidae Ewing, 1929
Family: Haematopinidae Enderlein, 1904 (ungulate lice)
Family: Hamophthiriidae Johnson, 1969
Family: Hoplopleuridae Ewing, 1929 (armoured lice)
Family: Hybothiridae Ewing, 1929
Family: Linognathidae Webb, 1946 (pale lice)
Family: Microthoraciidae Kim & Lugwig, 1978
Family: Neolinognathidae Fahrenholz, 1936
Family: Pecaroecidae Kéler, 1963
Family: Pedicinidae Enderlein, 1904
Family: Pediculidae Leach, 1817 (body lice, head lice)
Family: Polyplacidae Fahrenholz, 1912 (spiny rat lice)
Family: Pthiridae Ewing, 1929 (crab lice or pubic lice)
Family: Ratemiidae Kim & Lugwig, 1978
Superfamily: Ischnocera (paraphyletic)
Family: Bovicolidae
Family: Dasyonygidae
Family: Goniodidae
Family: Heptapsogasteridae
Family: Lipeuridae
Family: Philopteridae Nitzsch, 1818 (paraphyletic)
Family: Trichodectidae
Family: Trichophilopteridae
Superfamily: Rhyncophthirina
Family: Haematomyzidae Enderlein, 1904




References






Further reading

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Kutu
• Lalat pepagan
• Troctomorpha
• Psocoptera
• Psocodea
• Paraneoptera
• Louse
• Sucking louse
• Trogiomorpha
• Amblycera
• Haematomyzus
• Body louse