• Source: TYPE (DOS command)

In computing, type is a command in various command-line interpreters (shells) such as COMMAND.COM, cmd.exe, 4DOS/4NT and Windows PowerShell used to display the contents of specified files on the computer terminal. The analogous Unix command is cat.




Implementations



The command is available in the operating systems DEC RT-11, OS/8, RSX-11, TOPS-10, TOPS-20, VMS, Digital Research CP/M, MP/M, MetaComCo TRIPOS, Heath Company HDOS, AmigaDOS, DOS, FlexOS, TSL PC-MOS, SpartaDOS X, IBM/Toshiba 4690 OS, IBM OS/2, Microsoft Windows, ReactOS, AROS, and SymbOS.
The type command is supported by Tim Paterson's SCP 86-DOS. On MS-DOS, the command is available in versions 1 and later. DR DOS 6.0 also includes an implementation of the TYPE command.
It is also available in the open source MS-DOS emulator DOSBox and the EFI shell.
In Windows PowerShell, type is a predefined command alias for the Get-Content Cmdlet which basically serves the same purpose. TYPE originated as an internal command in 86-DOS.
The command-syntax and feature set between operating systems and command shell implementations can differ as can be seen in the following examples.




= DEC RT-11

=
In Digital Equipment Corporation's RT-11, the command accepts up to six input file specifications. Multiple file specifications are separated with commas.
The default filetype is .LST. Wildcards are accepted in place of filenames or filetypes.



Syntax

The command-syntax on RT-11 is:

TYPE[/options] filespecs

COPIES:n – Specify the number of times the file will be typed
DELETE – Delete the file after typing it
LOG – Log the names of the files typed
NEWFILES – Only files dated with the current system date will be typed
NOLOG – Suppress the log of the files typed
QUERY – Require confirmation before typing each file
WAIT – Wait for user response before proceeding with the type



Examples

TYPE/COPIES:3 REPORT

TYPE/NEWFILES *.LST




= DR CP/M, MP/M, FlexOS

=
In Digital Research CP/M, the command expands tabs and line-feed characters (CTRL-I), assuming tab positions are set at every eighth column.
The command does not support wildcard characters on FlexOS.



Syntax

The command-syntax on CP/M is:

TYPE ufn

Note: ufn = unambiguous file reference
In MP/M, the command has a pause mode. It is specified by entering a 'P' followed by two decimal digits after the filename. The specified number of lines will be displayed and then the command will pause until a carriage return is entered.



Examples





= TSL PC-MOS

=
The Software Link's PC-MOS includes an implementation of TYPE. Like the rest of the operating system, it is licensed under the GPL v3.
It supports an option to display the file content in hexadecimal form.



Syntax

The command-syntax on PC-MOS is:

.TYPE filename [/h]

filename – The name of the file to display
/h – Display content in hexadecimal form



Examples





= Microsoft Windows, OS/2, ReactOS

=

The command supports wildcard characters. In Microsoft Windows and OS/2 it includes the filename in the output when typing multiple files.



Syntax

The command-syntax on Microsoft Windows and ReactOS is:

type [Drive:][Path]FileName

[Drive:][Path]FileName – This parameter specifies the location and name of the file or files to view. Multiple file names need to be separated with spaces.
/? – This parameter displays help for the command.



Examples





See also


List of DOS commands
List of Unix commands




References






Further reading


Townsend, Carl (1983). Practical Guide to CP/M. Dilithium Press. ISBN 978-0880560771.
Kathy Ivens; Brian Proffit (1993). OS/2 Inside & Out. Osborne McGraw-Hill. ISBN 9780078818714.
John Paul Mueller (2007). Windows Administration at the Command Line for Windows Vista, Windows 2003, Windows XP, and Windows 2000. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0470165799.




External links



type | Microsoft Docs

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• TYPE (DOS command)
• List of DOS commands
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