- Source: Ustye, Ust-Kubinsky District, Vologda Oblast
Ustye (Russian: У́стье), also known as Ustye-Kubenskoye (У́стье-Ку́бенское), is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Ust-Kubinsky District of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the banks of the Kubena River close to its confluence with Lake Kubenskoye. It also serves as the administrative center of Ustyansky Selsoviet, one of the ten selsoviets into which the district is administratively divided. Municipally, it is the administrative center of Ustyanskoye Rural Settlement. Until 2004, Ustye had urban-type settlement status. Population: 3,938 (2010 Census); 4,148 (2002 Census); 4,534 (1989 Soviet census).
History
The area was populated by Finnic peoples and then colonized by the Novgorod Republic. Kamenny Monastery on Kamenny Island on Lake Kubenskoye was founded in 1260. In the 15th century, the area, known as Zaozyorye (translated as Trans-lake lands), for a short period became a principality, Principality of Zaozyorye, which was dependent on Principality of Yaroslavl. Before 1447, it became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. It is not exactly known what was the capital of the principality but presumably it was located at the current location of Ustye. Ivan the Terrible visited the mouth of the Kubena in 1545. The selo of Ustye is known since 1570. Due to the location on one of the trading routes connecting the basins of the Northern Dvina and the Volga, and in the mouth of the Kubena, Ustye became a prosperous settlement living from trading. It was also a gateway for the pilgrims heading to Kamenny Monastery. In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, Zaozyorye was included into Archangelgorod Governorate. In 1780, Arkhangelogorod Governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty, and in 1796 the latter was split into Arkhangelsk and Vologda Governorates. Ustye became then part of Kadnikovsky Uyezd of Vologda Governorate.
On July 15, 1929, the uyezds were abolished, the governorates merged into the Northern Krai, and Ust-Kubinsky District with the administrative center of Ustye was established among others. In 1932, Ustye became an urban-type settlement. In 2004 the status was revoked, and it became a selo again.
Economy
= Industry
=There are timber industry, construction industry, and food industry enterprises located in Ustye.
= Transportation
=Ustye is connected by a road with Sokol. There are also local roads in the district, with regular bus traffic.
The lower course of the Kubena and Lake Kubenskoye are navigable, however, there is no passenger navigation in Ustye. The northern part of Lake Kubenskoye, which belongs to the basin of the Northern Dvina River, is connected by Northern Dvina Canal with the town of Kirillov and the Sheksna River, thus connecting the basins of the White Sea and the Volga. In the 19th century, the canal and Lake Kubenskoye were the main waterway connecting the Volga with the White Sea. However, in the 1930s the White Sea – Baltic Canal was built, and the Northern Dvina Canal lost its significance. The canal is still in operation, serving cargo traffic and occasional cruise ships, which then proceed to Lake Kubenskoye.
Culture and recreation
Ustye contains five cultural heritage monuments of federal significance (the ensemble of churches known as Voskresensky Pogost) and additionally twenty-nine objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. The ruins of Kamenny Monastery on Kamenny Island are also protected as a federal monument.
Ustye hosts the Ust-Kubinsky District Museum of History and Ethnography.
Two of the handicrafts developed in Ust-Kubensky District and, in particular, in Ustye, have been officially recognized and protected by Vologda Oblast Law. These are lace-making (Ustye Lace, Kubenoozyorskoye Lace) and oxhorn carving (Ustye Horns).
References
= Notes
== Sources
=Законодательное Собрание Вологодской области. Закон №371-ОЗ от 4 июня 1999 г. «О вопросах административно-территориального устройства Вологодской области», в ред. Закона №2916-ОЗ от 7 декабря 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон области "О вопросах административно-территориального устройства Вологодской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Красный Север", №124–125, 29 июля 1999 г. (Legislative Assembly of Vologda Oblast. Law #371-OZ of June 4, 1999 On the Matters of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Vologda Oblast, as amended by the Law #2916-OZ of December 7, 2012 On Amending the Oblast Law "On the Matters of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Vologda Oblast". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
Правительство Вологодской области. Постановление №178 от 1 марта 2010 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц Вологодской области», в ред. Постановления №686 от 25 июня 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в некоторые Постановления Правительства области». Вступил в силу 20 марта 2010 г. Опубликован: "Красный Север", №29, 20 марта 2010 г. (Government of Vologda Oblast. Resolution #178 of March 1, 2010 On Adopting the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Vologda Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #686 of June 25, 2012 On Amending Various Resolutions of the Oblast Government. Effective as of March 20, 2010.).
Законодательное Собрание Вологодской области. Закон №1125-ОЗ от 6 декабря 2004 г. «Об установлении границ Усть-Кубинского муниципального района, границах и статусе муниципальных образований, входящих в его состав», в ред. Закона №3631-ОЗ от 28 апреля 2015 г. «О преобразовании некоторых муниципальных образований Усть-Кубинского муниципального района, о внесении изменений в Закон области "Об установлении границ Усть-Кубинского муниципального района, границах и статусе муниципальных образований, входящих в его состав" и изменения в Приложение к Закону области "О некоторых вопросах организации и деятельности органов местного самоуправления на территории Вологодской области"». Вступил в силу через 10 дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Красный Север", №242, 11 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Vologda Oblast. Law #1125-OZ of December 6, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of Ust-Kubinsky Municipal District, on the Borders and Status of the Municipal Formations It Comprises, as amended by the Law #3631-OZ of April 28, 2015 On the Transformation of Several Municipal Formations in Ust-Kubinsky Municipal District, on Amending the Law of the Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of Ust-Kubinsky Municipal District, on the Borders and Status of the Municipal Formations It Comprises", and on Amending the Appendix to the Law of the Oblast "On Various Issues of Organization and Activity of the Bodies of Local Self-Government on the Territory of Vologda Oblast". Effective as of after 10 days from the day of the official publication.).
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