• Source: Western Command (United Kingdom)

Western Command was a command of the British Army.




History



Western Command was established in 1905 and was originally called the Welsh & Midland Command before changing its name in 1906. In 1907 Western Command relocated to Watergate House in Chester. In 1938, after a brief stay in temporary accommodation at Boughton, it moved to a new purpose-built neo-Georgian property known as Churchill House at Queen's Park in Chester.




= First World War

=
Army Order No 324, issued on 21 August 1914, authorised the formation of a 'New Army' of six Divisions, manned by volunteers who had responded to Earl Kitchener's appeal (hence the First New Army was known as 'K1'). Each division was to be under the administration of one of the Home Commands, and Western Command formed what became the 13th (Western) Division. It was followed by 19th (Western) Division of K2 in September 1914.




= Second World War

=
Increasing concern during the 1930s about the threat of air attack led to large numbers of units of the part-time Territorial Army (TA) being converted to anti-aircraft (AA) gun and searchlight roles in the Royal Artillery (RA) and Royal Engineers (RE), and higher formations became necessary to control them. One such formation was the 4th Anti-Aircraft Division, raised on 1 September 1938 within the Western Command area, with its headquarters at Chester. The first General Officer Commanding (GOC) was Maj-Gen Hugh Martin. The division came under the control of Anti-Aircraft Command, however.
In 1939, under Lieutenant General Robert Haining, Western Command consisted of Welsh, West Lancashire, and East Lancashire Areas, each commanding two divisions plus other troops. It covered Wales and the Counties of Cumberland, Westmorland, Lancashire, Staffordshire, Shropshire, Herefordshire, Cheshire, and Beachley, Gloucestershire as well as the Isle of Man and the coast defence garrisons of Berehaven, Queenstown and (for the purpose of technical training only) Lough Swilly.
Regular Troops reporting to the Command included:

2nd Battalion, The Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment)
2nd Anti-Aircraft Brigade
During 1943–44, the 80th Infantry (Reserve) Division was assigned to the Command as its training formation. On 1 September 1944, the division was replaced by the 38th Infantry (Reserve) Division, which took over the training role.




= Post War

=
The Command was merged into HQ UK Land Forces (HQ UKLF) in 1972 and the property handed over to the Royal Army Pay Corps.




General Officers Commanding-in-Chief


GOCs and GOCinCs have included:
General Officer Commanding North Western District

1889–1890: Major-General William Goodenough
1890–1895: Lieutenant-General Julian Hall
1895–1896: Major-General Sir Baker Creed Russell
1896–1902: Major-General Leopold Swaine
1902–1903: Major-General Henry Hallam Parr
1904–1905: Major-General Sir Francis Howard
General Officer Commanding in Chief Western Command

1905 – 1907 Major General Sir Francis Howard
1907 – 1910 Lieutenant General Sir Charles Burnett
1910 – 1916 Lieutenant General Sir Henry Mackinnon
1916 – 1918 Lieutenant General Sir William Campbell
1918 – 1919 Lieutenant General Sir Thomas Snow
1919 – 1923 Lieutenant General Sir Beauvoir De Lisle
1923 – 1924 Lieutenant General Sir John Du Cane
1924 – 1928 Lieutenant General Sir Richard Butler
1928 – 1931 Lieutenant General Sir Cecil Romer
1931 – 1933 Lieutenant General Sir Cyril Deverell
1933 – 1936 Lieutenant General Sir Walter Kirke
1936 – 1939 Lieutenant General Sir Henry Jackson
1939 – 1940 Lieutenant General Sir Robert Haining
1940 General Sir Henry Jackson
1940 – 1941 General Sir Robert Gordon-Finlayson
1941 – 1942 Lieutenant General Sir James Marshall-Cornwall
1942 – 1944 Lieutenant General Sir Edmond Schreiber
1944 – 1946 Lieutenant General Sir Daril Watson
1946 – 1948 Lieutenant General Sir Brian Horrocks
1948 – 1951 Lieutenant General Sir Frank Simpson
1951 – 1953 Lieutenant General Sir Cameron Nicholson
1953 – 1953 Lieutenant General Sir Charles Loewen
1953 – 1957 General Sir Lashmer Whistler
1957 – 1960 Lieutenant General Sir Otway Herbert
1960 – 1961 Lieutenant General Sir William Stirling
1961 – 1964 Lieutenant General Sir Edward Howard-Vyse
1964 – 1966 Lieutenant General Sir Richard Craddock
1966 – 1969 Lieutenant General Sir Antony Read
1969 – 1972 Lieutenant General Sir Napier Crookenden




References



Forty, George (2013) [1998]. Companion to the British Army 1939–1945 (ePub ed.). New York: Spellmount. ISBN 978-0-750-95139-5.
Joslen, H. F. (2003) [1960]. Orders of Battle: Second World War, 1939–1945. Uckfield, East Sussex: Naval and Military Press. ISBN 978-1-84342-474-1.

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• Perang Dunia II
• Kampanye Gurun Barat
• Perang Dunia I
• Pasukan Ekspedisi Britania (Perang Dunia II)
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• Western Command (United Kingdom)
• Western Command
• Western Fleet (United Kingdom)
• United Kingdom
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• List of British Commands and Army groups
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• United Nations Command
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