• Source: Who (album)

Who is the twelfth studio album by the English rock band The Who, released on 6 December 2019. The band's first new studio album in thirteen years, and the second overall comprising the duo of vocalist Roger Daltrey and instrumentalist Pete Townshend, it comprises ballads, rock music, electronic experimentation and "classic Who-ish" songs, according to Townshend.
Promoted by three singles, including the lead single "Ball and Chain", WHO was a commercial success, reaching number three on the UK Albums Chart and number two on the American Billboard 200. The album was also positively received by music critics. The Who supported the album with their Moving On! Tour.




Recording and release


In January 2019, The Who confirmed that they were working on their first album of new material in 13 years (since their 2006 studio album Endless Wire), which would contain "dark ballads, heavy rock stuff, experimental electronica, sampled stuff and Who-ish tunes that began with a guitar that goes yanga-dang", as Townshend stated. As with previous Who albums, vocalist Roger Daltrey and guitarist Pete Townshend recorded their parts of Who separately.
"Ball and Chain", released as the first single on 13 September 2019, is a re-recording of a Pete Townshend solo song called "Guantanamo", which was released on his 2015 compilation Truancy: The Very Best of Pete Townshend. A second song, "All This Music Must Fade" was released as a single on 3 October 2019 and a third, "I Don't Wanna Get Wise" received a release on Spotify and iTunes in November 2019.
The album was supported by their Moving On! Tour. "Got Nothing to Prove", one of the deluxe edition bonus tracks, was initially recorded as a demo in 1966, but was ultimately discarded by their manager and producer Kit Lambert due to lack of emotional resonance in the lyrics. "Sand", another early demo from 1966, is included on the Japan edition of the album as a bonus track. "Got Nothing to Prove" was later offered to Jimmy James and the Vagabonds, (who supported the Who at their Marquee Club performances in 1965) who also declined it.
The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 album chart for the week ending 21 December 2019.
On 30 October 2020, The Who released a new deluxe edition of Who featuring an updated version of "Beads on One String" newly remixed by Pete Townshend plus a bonus CD of live acoustic tracks from their only two live shows of 2020. The extra songs on the deluxe version of Who were recorded in Kingston-on-Thames on Valentines Day 2020, exactly 50 years to the day since the band's seminal show at Leeds University that resulted in the live album Live at Leeds.




Composition


Conceptually, the album tackles the struggles of being an elderly rock musician, as The Guardian writer, Alexis Petridis noted. "Townshend seems more troubled than ever," Petridis stated, and this feeling overlaps into songs such as "I Don't Wanna Get Wise", which according to Petridis, "views a rock career as one of inevitable decline." Musically, the album sounds like a "traditional" Who record. Senior Rolling Stone writer, Kory Grow, called WHO, "classic rock comfort food" and commented on its nostalgic feel: "Townshend and Daltrey...can still summon their inner Who-ness in their mid 70s." Likewise, Ultimate Classic Rock's senior editor, Michael Gallucci, reflected on how the band's newest album sounds more like a "conventional" Who record, despite the album being thematically different from any of their previous works: "It's a throwback record for the most part, with nods all over the place to their classic work. It's not a retread, but it sounds like a Who album, which is crucial for something like this, as well as an upgrade for the 21st century."




Cover artwork


The album cover was designed by pop artist Peter Blake, whose work includes the band's Face Dances and The Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band album covers. It is a patchwork of 25 squares: 22 squares showing different coloured images placed around three squares forming the word "WHO" in the centre of the album cover. The 22 squares depict some of the band's influences and symbols of their career and culture:

The Union Jack flag (sometimes used as a backdrop for the band's logo).
A red AEC Routemaster bus (referring to both their 1968 single "Magic Bus" and its accompanying compilation album Magic Bus: The Who on Tour).
A Royal Air Force roundel (routinely used as a backdrop for the band's logo).
Baked beans (a reminiscence of the band's 1967 The Who Sell Out album cover).
A FunHouse pinball machine (a reminiscence of the band's 1969 track "Pinball Wizard").
The band's 1979 The Kids Are Alright release advertisement poster featuring lead guitarist Pete Townshend on stage about to smash his Gibson Les Paul guitar, with the classic caption "This guitar has seconds to live."
A scooter (a nod to the mod culture and a reminiscence of the band's 1973 Quadrophenia album cover showing a mod scooter).
The band's 1981 Face Dances cassette edition album cover (designed by Richard Evans in association with Blake).
Comic book characters Batman and Robin (a reminiscence of the band's cover of Neal Hefti's Batman theme on their first E.P. Ready Steady Who released in 1966).
Cultural figures such as musician Chuck Berry and boxer Muhammad Ali.
A traffic sign reading "Detour", which is the fourth track on the album and a reference to the band's earlier name, The Detours.




Critical reception



Who has received generally positive reviews from critics. According to Metacritic scores, fans gave the album a 7.4/10 star rating, while critics gave the album a 79/100 score. Praise for the band's performance also resonated with critics. In the Chicago Tribune, Pablo Gorondi complimented Daltrey for, "sing(ing) with power, sensitivity, range and conviction, just as he has done for decades", and called Townshend's voice a "highlight", while still "rip(ping) power chords and perform(ing) slinky riffs." Gorondi continued his praise by stating that the dominant reasons why the album was "such a joy" were due to "Townshend's songwriting and guitar playing and Daltrey's superlative singing."
Despite the praises for its 1970s rock sound and Daltrey and Townshend's performances, Who has received criticism. According to Matthew Taub of Consequence of Sound, some tracks are "not particularly well conceived", citing songs such as "Detour" and "Hero Ground Zero", as "just sit(ting) there" or "feeling more like an intermission". Taub also commented that the track "Break the News", which was written by Townshend's younger brother, Simon, sounded like it was, "plucked from some kind of factory for generic acoustic pop songs — somehow like 100 other songs you’ve heard, yet none you can actually name."
Another observation was the generational tone of the album. Chris Willman from Variety stated, "There are hints of mirth amid the crotchetiness. Right in the opening line, when Daltrey sings 'I don't care, I know you're gonna hate this song,' followed later by 'I don't mind other guys ripping off my song.'" NME journalist, Mark Beaumont, similarly noted this theme with the track, "I Don't Wanna Get Wise": "...(it) almost reads like a 75-year-old Daltrey talking to the drunk and tardy 20-year-old who sang 'My Generation.'"




Track listing


All songs written by Pete Townshend except where noted.

"Sand" is a demo Pete Townshend recorded in 1966.




Personnel


Adapted from compact disc liner notes and online liner notes.




= The Who

=
Roger Daltrey – lead vocals (except 8, 12–14)
Pete Townshend – guitars, backing vocals, lead vocals (tracks 8, 12–14), harmonicas, percussion, synthesiser tracks, violin, cello, hurdy-gurdy, effects; orchestration (6)




= Additional personnel

=
Pino Palladino – bass (1–2, 4–8, 11–12)
Zak Starkey – drums (1–2, 4, 7)
Simon Townshend – backing vocals (1, 3, 5), piano (9), percussion
Benmont Tench – organ (1–2, 10), Mellotron (1)
Joey Waronker – drums (5, 8, 11–12)
Carla Azar – drums (3, 10)
Matt Chamberlain – drums (6)
Gus Seyffert – bass (3, 9–10)
Andrew Synowiec – acoustic guitar (9)
Gordon Giltrap – acoustic guitar (11)
Dave Sardy – Mellotron, synthesiser programming (5), percussion
Josh Tyrrell – handclaps (4)
Rowan McIntosh – handclaps (4)
Fergus Gerrand – percussion (11)
Martin Batchelar – programming (6), orchestration (6, 8), orchestra arrangement (8), orchestra conducting (6, 8, 13)
Rachel Fuller – orchestration (6)
Peter Rotter – orchestra fixer (6, 8, 13)
Bruce Dukov – orchestra leader (6, 8, 13)




Charts






Certifications






References






External links


WHO at Discogs (list of releases)
• Source: Who? (album)

Who? is the debut album by American R&B band Tony! Toni! Toné! It was released on April 18, 1988, by Wing Records and produced by Foster & McElroy, friends of the band from their hometown of Oakland, California. The album was recorded at Moon Studios in Sacramento.
The album received mixed reviews from critics and was a modest commercial success, reaching number 69 on the Billboard Top Pop Albums, on which it charted for 44 weeks. Its lead single, "Little Walter", became a number-one R&B hit. Who? was eventually certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America and reached 700,000 copies sold by 1993.




Recording and production



Tony! Toni! Toné! recorded Who? at Moon Studios in Sacramento. with producers Foster & McElroy, who were friends of the band from their hometown of Oakland. Foster & McElroy's production used contemporary hip hop and new jack swing sounds that accompanied the band's older soul music background. On "Baby Doll" and "For the Love of You", Tony! Toni! Toné! sang harmonies over the producers' drum machine tracks.
The band also incorporated more eccentric elements to the music. For "Little Walter", they appropriated the melody from Ramsey Lewis' 1966 pop-jazz instrumental hit "Wade in the Water". The lyrics to "261.5" were written with reference to California Penal Code Section 261.5, the state's statutory rape law.




Release and sales


Who? was released on April 18, 1988, by Wing Records. A modest success, it charted for 44 weeks on the Billboard Top Pop Albums, peaking at number 69. The lead single "Little Walter" became an R&B hit and also received considerable pop airplay. On December 5, 1989, the album was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), for shipments of 500,000 copies in the United States. By August 1993, it had sold over 700,000 copies in the US.




Critical reception



Reviewing for The Philadelphia Inquirer in May 1988, Ken Tucker appraised Who? as "fairly conventional pop rhythms attractively crooned", but applauded the music's "odd influence". Joe Brown from The Washington Post found the group's voices unimpressive and said, "while their very basic harmonizing over the spartan drum-machine patterns on 'Baby Doll' and 'For the Love of You' are probably serviceable on the dance floor, they'd be deadly dull from a concert seat".
In a retrospective review, AllMusic editor Ron Wynn believed the group "made a quick and lasting impact with" the album, particularly with its single "Little Walter". In The Rolling Stone Album Guide (2004), Fred Schuers said "Little Walter" and "Born Not to Know" revealed the group's "wit", but "these moments are so pointed they leave the disc's love ballads sounding flat". Yahoo! Music's Scott Wilson commented that it was "a very solid debut, with the groundwork for what would follow, but they're just getting their bearings. Did spawn a number one R&B hit with 'Little Walter', but not the juggernauts their later work would be".




Track listing


All songs were written by Denzil Foster, Thomas McElroy, Timothy Christian Riley, Raphael Wiggins and D'Wayne Wiggins, except where noted.

"Baby Doll" – 5:40
"For the Love of You" – 5:29
"Who's Lovin' You" – 4:17
"Born Not to Know" (Denzil Foster, Thomas McElroy) – 4:42
"Little Walter" – 4:50
"Lovestruck" – 4:29
"Pain" (Timothy Christian Riley, Raphael Wiggins, D'Wayne Wiggins) – 5:40
"261.5" (Timothy Christian Riley, Raphael Wiggins, D'Wayne Wiggins) – 4:04
"Not Gonna Cry for You" (Antron Haile) – 5:15




Personnel


Credits are adapted from the album's liner notes.




= Tony! Toni! Toné!

=
Tim Christian – drums
D'Wayne Wiggins – guitar, vocals
Raphael Wiggins – bass, vocals




= Additional personnel

=
Elijah Baker – musician
Michael Bays – art direction
Ed Eckstine – executive producer
Denzil Foster – arranger, producer
Antron Haile – musician
David Houston – engineer
Ken Kessie – mixing
David Lombard – executive producer
Thomas McElroy – arranger, producer
Herb Powers – mastering
Jennifer Reiley – photography
C. Thompson – design
Carl Wheeler – musician




Charts






= Singles

=




References






Bibliography


Nathan Brackett, Christian Hoard (2004). The New Rolling Stone Album Guide: Completely Revised and Updated 4th Edition. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 0-7432-0169-8.




External links


Who? at Discogs

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