• Source: Wols

Wols was the pseudonym of Alfred Otto Wolfgang Schulze (27 May 1913 – 1 September 1951), a German painter and photographer predominantly active in France. Though broadly unrecognized in his lifetime, he is considered a pioneer of lyrical abstraction, one of the most influential artists of the Tachisme movement. He is the author of a book on art theory entitled Aphorismes de Wols.




Biography


Alfred Otto Wolfgang Schulze was born in Berlin in 1913 into a wealthy family; his father was a high-ranking civil servant and patron of the arts who maintained friendships with many prominent artists of the period, including Otto Dix. In 1919, the family moved to Dresden, where consequently he found his love for art in 1927. In 1924, Schulze was given a still camera, an event that, along with the death of his father in 1929, became one of the defining moments of his life. In 1930 he began to pursue an apprenticeship with his camera at the Reiman-Schule, the Berlin school of applied art. He was a multifaceted man who was capable of teaching German, painting, and capturing photographs of portrait landscape.

After abandoning school, Schulze pursued several interests, including ethnography before moving to Paris in 1932 on the advice of László Moholy-Nagy. After visiting Germany in 1933, he decided not to return, instead traveling to Barcelona, Majorca, and Ibiza, where he worked odd jobs, including a stint as a taxicab driver and a German tutor.
In 1936, he received official permission to live in Paris with the help of Fernand Léger; as an army deserter, Schulze had to report to the Paris police on a monthly basis. Beginning in 1937, he actively worked on his photographs, which were shown in many of Paris's most prestigious galleries. He befriended luminaries of the period, including Max Ernst and Jacques Prévert. As a German national, Schulze (like Ernst) was interned at the start of World War II, but he managed to escape and hide in Cassis near Marseilles, where he passed the time drawing and painting in watercolor. In 1942 he fled from the Germans to the safety of Montelimar.
He spent most of the war trying to emigrate to the United States, an unsuccessful and costly enterprise that may have driven him to alcoholism. Upon his return to Paris, after the hype from the war had died down, he had his first exhibition of watercolors in December 1945 at the Galerie René Drouin, where despite the lack of commercial success he made an impression on the circle of intellectuals around the gallery. These included Jean Paulhan, Francis Ponge, Georges Limbour and André Malraux. The small works were displayed in light boxes. A second exhibition in the same gallery two years later saw greater recognition. His paintings represented a rejection of figuration and abstraction, and a projection into a metaphysical plane.

In the years following the war, Schulze concentrated on painting and etching. His health declined severely towards the end of the 1940s; in 1951 he died of food poisoning at the Hotel Montalembert in Paris, after releasing himself from hospital against medical advice. After his death his works were shown at the Kassel documenta (1955), documenta II (1959) and documenta III (1964).




= Artistic style

=
Wols' painting style, as early as 1946–47 (Untitled, 1946–47, Yellow Composition, 1946–7; Berlin, Neue N.G., It's All Over The City, 1947), was informal, gestural, with the paint applied in layers by means of dripping and with scratching into the surface. This new development in art proved influential, earning him the praise of artists such as Georges Mathieu and critics such as Michel Tapié, who coined the term Art autre (the Other Art) to describe the new style.
Wols was noted for his etchings and for his use of stains (taches) of color dabbed onto the canvas (as exemplified by his painting Composition, c. 1950). His painted work contains figurative elements as well as free improvisations and abstract elements. Spontaneity and immediateness determine the creative work of Wols, who never underwent any formal artistic training. Randomness (initially inspired by the Surrealist psychic Automatism) plays an important role in his unstructured compositions. In later years Wols was particularly interested in the combination of powerful brushstrokes with a relief-like painted surface structure.




= Influences

=
His inspiration to become an artist derived from the work of the artists Paul Klee, Otto Dix and George Grosz. His advisor Moholy-Nagy instructed him to pursue his artistic endeavours in Paris. His encounters with Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir awakened a lively interest in the philosophy of Existentialism. In the late 1940s Sartre chose to promote his abstract art.




Writings


Aphorismes de Wols, Amiens 1989 ISBN 978-3-8296-0439-0




= Examples of paintings

=
The Blue Phantom
Constructions hazardeuses




References






External links


Agence photographique, Réunion des Musées Nationaux, works by Wols
Wols Etchings at the Tate [1]
Wols online
• Source: WOLS

WOLS (106.1 MHz) is a Regional Mexican radio station, owned by Norsan Media. Licensed to Waxhaw, North Carolina, the station identifies itself as “La Raza 106.1”. The station’s studios are located in Charlotte, North Carolina, and the transmitter is located in Catawba, South Carolina.




History


In 1994, 1480 AM, a frequency that had been silent for several years, was reactivated with the call letters WIST. GHB Broadcasting operated WIST through a Limited Marketing Agreement (LMA) with Christ Covenant Church, the licensee for 1480 AM. Most of the adult standards music came from the Satellite Music Network format Stardust. A year later, the FM station signed on, initially using the call letters WLWW but eventually changed to WIST-FM.
The name WNMX "Mix 106" was chosen in 1996. The station's sales manager had previously worked for WMXC (104.7) when it was called "The Mix". He hoped to resurrect that format on 106.1. The AM station became WNMX-AM.. By this time the AM aired some separate programs, including a talk show from John Sullivan. The AM became WTLT in Summer 1997 with a separate news/talk format. As of May 1997, when GHB planned a medical office building on Randolph Road where the company was considering moving its operations, WNMX had "nearly doubled its morning audience share" in a year.
For one month WNMX tried a more contemporary sound with local DJs during the day. However, many listeners protested so the station returned to the Stardust format.
Over the years the definition of adult standards has evolved, and the Stardust satellite format evolved with the times as well. Fewer songs from the big band era were played, though new performances of the old songs have become available. When oldies station WWMG changed its format to "rhythmic Top 40" music in 2004, WNMX added more rock and roll songs to its local morning show.
In Summer 2006 ABC merged Stardust with its Memories format. The merger caused Stardust to leave its standards heritage behind, playing most of the same "timeless favorites" but moving more in an oldies direction, with most of the big-band standards being recent recordings. WNMX still played many of the older records on the local morning show. Ironically, the Timeless Favorites format had evolved into the format that listeners rejected in 1997.
On February 12, 2008 WNMX changed their format to 60s-70s oldies, branded as "Oldies 106.1", with the "Goodtime Oldies" format from the Jones Radio Network. "Goodtime Oldies" features a playlist of 60's and 70's oldies. The station also changed its call sign to WOLS, which was moved from an AM station in Florence, South Carolina. That station took on the call sign "WOLH".
On January 1, 2009, Norsan Media took over WOLS, picking up "La Raza," the Regional Mexican format of WGSP-FM.




Sports broadcasts


At one time, WOLS carried broadcasts of several sports teams. At the time of the change to Spanish language programming, these broadcasts were the only English language programming on WOLS.
WOLS was the flagship station for the NBA's Charlotte Bobcats from the team's debut in 2004 through the 2008-2009 season. At the end of that season, WFNZ, an all-sports station, took over as the Bobcats flagship station.
WOLS also carried football and basketball games of the ACC's Duke Blue Devils, which like WOLS' broadcast of Bobcats games, ended with the switch to Spanish language programming.
WOLS had broadcast the games of the WNBA's Charlotte Sting prior to the team's ceasing operations on January 2, 2007.
Starting with the 2010 NFL season, WOLS began broadcasting all Carolina Panthers games in Spanish.
In 2022, WOLS began carrying Charlotte FC games in Spanish.




References






External links


106.1 FM La Raza - Station Website

Facility details for Facility ID 68809 (WOLS) in the FCC Licensing and Management System
WOLS in Nielsen Audio's FM station database

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