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Alpha Camelopardalis, Latinized from α Camelopardalis, is a star in the northern constellation of Camelopardalis. With an apparent visual magnitude of 4.3, it is the third-brightest star in this not-very-prominent circumpolar constellation; the first and second-brightest stars being Beta Camelopardalis and CS Camelopardalis, respectively. It is the farthest constellational star, with a distance of approximately 6,000 light-years from Earth based on parallax measurements.
Description
Alpha Camelopardalis has a stellar classification of O9 Ia, with the 'Ia' indicating that it is an O-type luminous supergiant. It is a massive star with 37.6 times the mass of the Sun and 32.5 times the Sun's radius. The effective temperature of the outer envelope is 29,000 K; much hotter than the Sun's effective temperature of 5,778 K, giving it the characteristic blue hue of an O-type star. It is emitting 676,000 times the luminosity of the Sun and is a weak X-ray emitter.
Variations in the profiles of Alpha Camelopardalis' spectral lines are caused by fluctuations in the photosphere and stellar wind. This may be caused by non-radial pulsations. The absorption lines in the optical spectrum show radial velocity variations, although there is significant uncertainty about the period. Estimates range from a period as low as 0.36 days up to 2.93 days. The stellar wind from this star is not smooth and continuous, but instead shows a behavior indicating clumping at both large and small scales. This star is losing mass rapidly through its stellar wind at a rate of approximately 6.3 × 10−6 solar masses per year, or the equivalent of the mass of the Sun every 160,000 years.
In 1968, this star was classified as a spectroscopic binary, indicating that it has an orbiting stellar companion with a period of 3.68 days and an orbital eccentricity of 0.45. Subsequent studies refined the period to 3.24 days. However, in 2006 it was recognized that the changes in the spectrum were probably the result of changes in the atmosphere or stellar wind, so it is more likely a single star. Speckle interferometry observations with the 3.67 m Advanced Electro Optical System Telescope at the Haleakala Observatory failed to detect a secondary component.
In 1961, based on the criteria that the proper motion of this star indicates a space velocity of greater than 30 km/s, Alpha Camelopardalis was suggested as a candidate runaway star that had been ejected from the cluster NGC 1502. This was based upon the kinematic properties of the star and cluster, as well as the location of this star at a high galactic latitude in an area otherwise lacking in stellar associations. Over the course of a million years, this star should have moved only 1.4° across the sky, while it was estimated as being only two million years old.
Runaway stars such as this with a stellar wind that is moving at supersonic velocity through the interstellar medium have their wind confined by a bow shock due to ram pressure. The dust in this bow shock can be detected using an infrared telescope. Just such a bow shock was observed with NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, or WISE. The star is traveling at a rate of somewhere between 680 and 4,200 kilometers per second: between 1.5 and 9.4 million mph.
Chinese name
In Chinese, 紫微右垣 (Zǐ Wēi Yòu Yuán), meaning Right Wall of Purple Forbidden Enclosure, refers to an asterism consisting of α Camelopardalis, α Draconis, κ Draconis, λ Draconis, 24 Ursae Majoris, 43 Camelopardalis and BK Camelopardalis. Consequently, the Chinese name for α Camelopardalis itself is 紫微右垣六 (Zǐ Wēi Yòu Yuán liù, English: the Sixth Star of Right Wall of Purple Forbidden Enclosure.), representing 少衛 (Shǎowèi), meaning Second Imperial Guard. 少衛 (Shǎowèi) is westernized into Shaou Wei by R. H. Allen, the meaning is "Minor Guard", but it is not clearly designated.
References
External links
HR 1542, entry in the Bright Star Catalogue
Alpha Camelopardalis in Aladin
Image of the constellational matrix formed by viewing the constellational lines at 16,000 light-years from the sun. Spike at the left is Alpha Camelopardalis.
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α Camelopardalis (alpha Camelopardalis) - Star in Camelopardalis ...
NASA's WISE captured this image of the star Alpha Camelopardalis ...
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Alpha Camelopardalis - Wikipedia
Alpha Camelopardalis, Latinized from α Camelopardalis, is a star in the northern constellation of Camelopardalis. With an apparent visual magnitude of 4.3, it is the third-brightest star in this not-very-prominent circumpolar constellation ; the first and second-brightest stars being Beta Camelopardalis and CS Camelopardalis , respectively.
Alpha Camelopardalis Star Facts - Universe Guide
Alpha Camelopardalis is a blue very luminous supergiant star in the constellation of Camelopardalis. It can be seen in the northern hemisphere night sky. Alpha Camelopardalis distance from Earth is 6272.37 light years away.
Camelopardalis Constellation - A Complete Guide for Astronomers
Alpha Camelopardalis – This magnitude 4.29, blue-white supergiant is the third brightest star in Camelopardalis. Usually, the ‘alpha’ star is brightest but in the case of this constellation, two other stars are functionally brighter: Beta Cam is magnitude 4.03 and HR 1035 shines at …
α Camelopardalis (alpha Camelopardalis) - Star in ... - TheSkyLive
α Camelopardalis is a supergiant star of spectral class O9 in the constellation of Camelopardalis. α Camelopardalis visual magnitude is 4.29. Because of its moderate brightness, α Camelopardalis is easily visible to the naked eye from locations with dark skies, while it might be barely visible, or not visible at all, from light-polluted skies.
Star Alpha Camelopardalis - GO ASTRONOMY
Alpha Camelopardalis (α Cam) is a spectral class O9.5Ia SB star of magnitude 4.26 located in the constellation Camelopardalis. α Cam is one of the brighter stars in Camelopardalis and can be seen by the naked eye under dark skies or with binoculars.
APOD: 2023 April 28 - Runaway Star Alpha Camelopardalis
Explanation: Like a ship plowing through cosmic seas, runaway star Alpha Camelopardalis has produced this graceful arcing bow wave or bow shock. The massive supergiant star moves at over 60 kilometers per second through space, compressing the interstellar material in its path.
Camelopardalis Constellation - Key Facts, Star Map, & Myths
Jul 22, 2016 · – Alpha Camelopardalis, the constellation’s third brightest star, is a blue supergiant found 6,000 light-years from the Sun with a visual magnitude of 4.3. It has 37 times the radius of the Sun, 31 times its mass, and 620,000 times its luminosity.
Camelopardalis Constellation: Facts & More About the ... - The …
Alpha Camelopardalis is not the brightest star in Camelopardalis even though it has the Alpha designation. Its apparent magnitude is 4.3, making it the third brightest star in the constellation. It is a supergiant star with the stellar classification O9 Ia.
Camelopardalis Constellation Facts and Myth of the Giraffe
The nearest main star (HD 42818) in the constellation is at a distance of 174.98 light-years, and the furthest main star is Alpha Camelopardalis, at a distance of 6,272.37 light-years. The average distance to the major stars is 1,372.32 light years.
Alpha Camelopardalis | Stellar Catalog
Blue supergiant Alpha Camelopardalis is located 6272 light years away from the Sun. It is a single star of spectral class O9Ia, that has 3760 % of solar mass. For now, there are no known exoplanets in this star system.
