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    The Arden Buck equations are a group of empirical correlations that relate the saturation vapor pressure to temperature for moist air. The curve fits have been optimized for more accuracy than the Goff–Gratch equation in the range −80 to 50 °C (−112 to 122 °F).
    A set of several equations were developed, each of which is applicable in a different situation.


    Formula


    The equations suggested by Buck (1996) (which are modifications of the equations in Buck (1981)) are:





    P


    s




    (
    T
    )

    =
    6.1121
    exp


    (


    (

    18.678



    T
    234.5



    )


    (


    T

    257.14
    +
    T



    )


    )



    {\displaystyle P_{\mathrm {s} }\left(T\right)=6.1121\exp \left(\left(18.678-{\frac {T}{234.5}}\right)\left({\frac {T}{257.14+T}}\right)\right)}

    , over liquid water, T > 0 °C





    P


    s




    (
    T
    )

    =
    6.1115
    exp


    (


    (

    23.036



    T
    333.7



    )


    (


    T

    279.82
    +
    T



    )


    )



    {\displaystyle P_{\mathrm {s} }\left(T\right)=6.1115\exp \left(\left(23.036-{\frac {T}{333.7}}\right)\left({\frac {T}{279.82+T}}\right)\right)}

    , over ice, T < 0 °C

    where:

    Ps(T) is the saturation vapor pressure in hPa
    exp(x) is the exponential function
    T is the air temperature in degrees Celsius

    Buck (1981) also lists enhancement factors for a temperature range of −80 to 50 °C (−112 to 122 °F) at pressures of 1,000 mb, 500 mb, and 250 mb. These coefficients are listed in the table below.


    See also


    Vapour pressure of water
    Antoine equation
    Tetens equation
    Lee–Kesler method
    Goff–Gratch equation


    Notes




    References


    Buck, A. L. (1981), "New equations for computing vapor pressure and enhancement factor", J. Appl. Meteorol., 20 (12): 1527–1532, Bibcode:1981JApMe..20.1527B, doi:10.1175/1520-0450(1981)020<1527:NEFCVP>2.0.CO;2
    Buck (1996), Buck (1996), Buck Research CR-1A User's Manual, Appendix 1.. (PDF)


    External links


    Web Page listing various vapor pressure equations (for below 0 °C)

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