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Battle of the Bulge order of battle GudangMovies21 Rebahinxxi LK21
The Ardennes Counteroffensive, commonly known as the battle" target="_blank">Battle of the Bulge, was a massive military operation undertaken by Nazi Germany in southern Belgium and northern Luxembourg which lasted from 16 December 1944 until 25 January 1945. The intent of the offensive was to split the ground forces of the Western Allies from each other and encourage them to make peace with Germany, leaving all of Germany's military might to fight off the resurgent USSR.
The operation was conceived entirely by German head of state and armed forces chief Adolf Hitler. The plan was vigorously opposed by the two ranking generals who would oversee the assault, who saw only a waste of men and material with little chance of success. The Führer dismissed all objections, convinced that the elite German forces would roll over the war-weary and/or inexperienced American formations in the Ardennes Forest and drive all the way to the English Channel port of Antwerp.
In order to mislead any Allied intelligence personnel who might discover the plan, it was given the defensive sounding name Wacht am Rhein, meaning "watch on the Rhine".
The order of battle" target="_blank">battle presented here reflects a point near the end of the campaign. As with any large army organization in extended combat, forces and their assignments shifted over the course of the battle" target="_blank">battle. For example, when the German attack began on 16 December, the US 7th Armored Division was assigned to XIII Corps, US Ninth Army, 12th Army Group. Later that day, its alignment became VIII Corps, US First Army, 12th Army Group. On 20 December, the alignment switched to XVIII Corps, US First Army, 12th Army Group — and later that day to XVIII Corps, US First Army, 21st Army Group. On 18 January 1945, the alignment changed one last time, to XVIII Corps, US First Army, 12th Army Group — as it is given in the following hierarchy. This OOB — specifically, at a point near the end of the battle" target="_blank">battle, which lasted from 16 December 1944 until 25 January 1945.
See for Allied and German Orders of battle" target="_blank">Battle: December 1944 & January 1945: (Tucker-Jones pp 263–287)
High-level orders of battle" target="_blank">battle
= Axis
=Oberbefehlshaber West
Generalfeldmarschall Gerd von Rundstedt
Heeresgruppe B
Generalfeldmarschall Walter Model
Armies deployed North to South:
Sixth Panzer Army (Northern Sector)
Oberstgruppenführer der Waffen SS Josef "Sepp" Dietrich
I SS Panzer Corps (SS-Gruppenführer Hermann Priess)
II SS Panzer Corps (SS-Obergruppenführer Willi Bittrich)
LXVII Corps (Generalleutnant Otto Hitzfeld)
Fifth Panzer Army (Central Sector)
General der Panzertruppen Hasso von Manteuffel
XXXIX Panzer Corps (General der Panzertruppe Karl Decker)
XLVII Panzer Corps (General der Panzertruppen Heinrich Freiherr von Lüttwitz)
LVIII Panzer Corps (General der Panzertruppen Walter Krüger)
LXVI Corps (General der Artillerie Walter Lucht)
Seventh Army (Southern Sector)
General der Panzertruppen Erich Brandenberger
LIII Corps (General der Kavallerie Edwin von Rothkirch)
LXXX Corps (General der Infanterie Franz Beyer)
LXXXV Corps (General der Infanterie Baptist Kniess)
= Allies
=Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Forces
General of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower
Armies deployed North to South:
21st Army Group
Field Marshal Sir Bernard Law Montgomery
UK XXX Corps (Lt-Gen. Brian G. Horrocks)
12th Army Group
Lieutenant General Omar N. Bradley
US First Army (Lieut. Gen. Courtney H. Hodges)
V Corps (Maj. Gen. Leonard T. Gerow)
VII Corps (Maj. Gen. J. Lawton Collins)
XVIII Airborne Corps (Maj. Gen. Matthew B. Ridgway)
US Third Army (Lieut. Gen. George S. Patton Jr.)
III Corps (Maj. Gen. John Millikin)
VIII Corps (Maj. Gen. Troy H. Middleton)
XII Corps (Maj. Gen. Manton S. Eddy)
Allied air forces
US Strategic Air Forces in Europe (General Carl Spaatz)
US Eighth Air Force (Strategic) (Lt. Gen. James H. Doolittle)
US Ninth Air Force (Tactical) (Lt. Gen. Hoyt S. Vandenberg)
Royal Air Force
Bomber Command (Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur "Bomber" Harris)
Fighter Command (Air Marshal Sir Roderic Hill)
Second Tactical Air Force (Air Marshal Sir Arthur Coningham)
Axis forces
= Sixth Panzer Army (Northern Sector)
=Oberstgruppenführer der Waffen SS Josef "Sepp" Dietrich
Army-level units
683rd Heavy Antitank Battalion
217th Assault Panzer Battalion
394th, 667th, and 902nd Assault Gun Battalions
741st Antitank Battalion
1098th, 1110th, and 1120th Heavy Howitzer Batteries
428th Heavy Mortar Battery
1123rd K-3 Battery
2nd Flak Division (41st and 43rd Regiments)
von der Heydte Fallschirmjager Battalion
4th Todt Brigade
LXVII Corps
Generalleutnant Otto Hitzfeld
‡ Units involved in the initial assault 16 Dec
I SS Panzer Corps
SS-Gruppenführer Hermann Prieß
‡ Units involved in the initial assault 16 Dec
II SS Panzer Corps
SS Obergruppenführer Willi Bittrich
= Fifth Panzer Army (Central Sector)
=General der Panzertruppen Hasso von Manteuffel
Army-level units
19th Flak Brigade
207th and 600th Engineer Battalions
653rd Heavy Panzerjäger Battalion
669th Ost (East) Battalion
638th, 1094th, and 1095th Heavy Artillery Batteries
25th/975th Fortress Artillery Battery
1099th, 1119th, and 1121st Heavy Mortar Batteries
3rd Todt Brigade (paramilitary engineers)
LXVI Corps
General der Artillerie Walter Lucht
LVIII Panzer Corps
General der Panzertruppen Walter Krüger
XLVII Panzer Corps
General der Panzertruppen Heinrich Freiherr von Lüttwitz
XXXIX Panzer Corps
Generalleutnant Karl Decker
167th Volksgrenadier Division
Generalleutnant Hanskurt Höcker
331st, 339th, 387th Volksgrenadier Regiments
167th Artillery Regiment
167th Antitank Battalion
167th Engineer Battalion
167th Signals Battalion
= Seventh Army (Southern Sector)
=General der Panzertruppen Erich Brandenberger
Army-level units
657th and 668th Heavy Antitank Battalions
501st Fortress Antitank Battalion
47th Engineer Battalion
1092nd, 1093rd, 1124th, and 1125th Heavy Howitzer Batteries
660th Heavy Artillery Battery
1029th, 1039th, and 1122nd Heavy Mortar Batteries
999th Penal Battalion
44th Machine Gun Battalion
15th Flak Regiment
1st Todt Brigade
LXXXV Corps
General der Infanterie Baptist Knieß
LXXX Corps
General der Infanterie Franz Beyer
LIII Corps
General der Kavallerie Edwin von Rothkirch
= Luftwaffe
=II Fighter Corps
Generalmajor Dietrich Peltz
III Flak Corps
Generalleutnant Wolfgang Pickert
Allied Forces
Armies deployed north to south
= Allied 21st Army Group
=Field Marshal Sir Bernard L. Montgomery
XXX Corps
Lt-Gen. Brian G. Horrocks
2nd Household Cavalry Regiment
11th Hussars
4th Regiment, Royal Horse Artillery
5th Regiment, Royal Horse Artillery
73rd Antitank Regiment, Royal Artillery
7th, 64th, and 84th Medium Regiments, Royal Artillery
27th Light AA Regiment, Royal Artillery
Corps Reserve
= Allied 12th Army Group
=Lieutenant General Omar N. Bradley
US First Army
Lieutenant General Courtney H. Hodges
5th Belgian Fusilier Battalion
143rd and 413th AA Gun Battalions
526th Armored Infantry Battalion
99th Infantry Battalion (Norwegian-Americans)
= VII Corps =
Major General J. Lawton Collins
♦ Units that absorbed the initial German assault 16 Dec
Corps-level units
4th Cavalry Group, Mechanized
29th Infantry Regiment
Two French Light Infantry Battalions
509th Parachute Infantry Battalion
298th Engineer Combat Battalion
740th Tank Battalion
18th FA Group (188th, 666th, and 981st FA Battalions)
142nd FA Group (195th and 266th FA Battalions)
188th FA Group (172nd, 951st, and 980th FA Battalions)
342nd, 366th, 392nd♦, 1308th, and 1313th Engineer General Service Regiments
18th, 83rd, 87th, 183rd, 193rd, 957th, and 991st FA Battalions
= XVIII Airborne Corps =
Major General Matthew B. Ridgway
♦ Units that absorbed the initial German assault 16 Dec
Corps-level units
14th Cavalry Group, Mechanized♦
254th, 275th, 400th, and 460th FA Battalions
79th FA Group (153rd, 551st, and 552nd FA Battalions)
179th FA Group (259th and 965th FA Battalions)
211th FA Group (240th and 264th FA Battalions)
401st FA Group (187th and 809th FA Battalions)
= US Third Army
=Lieutenant General George S. Patton
109th, 115th, 217th, and 777th AA Gun Battalions
456th, 465th, 550th, and 565th AAA AW Battalions
280th ECB - Engineer Combat Battalion - Non Divisional Unit (later assigned to the 9th Army)
VIII Corps
Major General Troy H. Middleton
♦ Units that absorbed the initial German assault 16 Dec
Corps-level units
687th FA Battalion
174th FA Group (965th, 969th, and 700th FA Battalions)
333rd FA Group (333rd and 771st FA Battalions)
402nd FA Group (559th, 561st, and 740th FA Battalions)
422nd FA Group (81st and 174th FA Battalions)
178th and 249th Engineer Combat Battalions
1102nd Engineer Group (341st Engineer General Service Regiment)
1107th Engineer Combat Group (159th, 168th, and 202nd Engineer Combat Battalions)
1128th Engineer Combat Group (35th, 44th, and 202nd Engineer Combat Battalions)
French Light Infantry (six Light Infantry Battalions from Metz region)
467th, 635th, 778th AAA Automatic Weapons Battalions
XII Corps
Major General Manton S. Eddy
♦ Units that absorbed the initial German assault 16 Dec
Corps-level units
2nd Cavalry Group, Mechanized
161st, 244th, 277th, 334th, 336th, and 736th FA Battalions
177th FA group 215th, 255th, and 775th FA Battalions
182nd FA group 802nd, 945th, and 974th FA Battalions
183rd FA group 695th and 776th FA Battalions
404th FA group 273rd, 512th, and 752nd FA Battalions
1303rd Engineer Service Regiment
452nd AAA Automatic Weapons Battalion [colored]
457th AAA Automatic Weapons Battalion
= Allied Air Forces
=US Strategic Air Forces in Europe
General Carl Spaatz
US Eighth Air Force (Strategic)
Lieutenant General James H. Doolittle
US Ninth Air Force (Tactical)
Lieutenant General Hoyt S. Vandenberg
IX Bombardment Division (Maj. Gen. Samuel E. Anderson)
IX Troop Carrier Command (Maj. Gen. Paul L. Williams)
IX Tactical Air Command (Maj. Gen. Elwood R. Quesada)
Supporting First Army
XIX Tactical Air Command (Maj. Gen. Otto P. Weyland)
Supporting Third Army
XXIX Tactical Air Command (Brig. Gen. Richard E. Nugent)
Supporting Ninth Army
Royal Air Force
Bomber Command
Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur "Bomber" Harris
Fighter Command
Air Marshal Sir Roderic M. Hill
Second Tactical Air Force
Air Marshal Sir Arthur Coningham
No. 2 Group RAF
No. 83 Group RAF
No. 84 Group RAF
Notes
References
Beevor, Antony (2015). Ardennes 1944: The battle" target="_blank">Battle of the Bulge. New York: Penguin. ISBN 9780143109860.
Dupuy, Trevor N. (1994). Hitler's Last Gamble: The battle" target="_blank">Battle of the Bulge, December 1944 – January 1945. New York: Harper Collins. ISBN 0-06-016627-4.
MacDonald, Charles B. (2002). A Time For Trumpets: The Untold Story of the battle" target="_blank">Battle of the Bulge. New York: Perennial. ISBN 0-688-15157-4.
Tucker-Jones, Anthony (2022). Hitler's Winter: The German battle" target="_blank">Battle of the Bulge. Oxford, UK: Osprey. ISBN 978-1-4728-4739-3.
"Units Entitled to battle" target="_blank">Battle Credits" (PDF). General Orders. US War Department.
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