Bretwalda GudangMovies21 Rebahinxxi LK21

    Bretlwalda atau Brytenwealda adalah istilah Inggris kuno yang digunakan dalam Sejarah Anglo-Saxon, satu set catatan yang disusun menjelang akhir abad ke-IX, untuk menunjukkan serangkaian delapan penguasa Anglo Saxon yang memerintah dari abad ke-V dan seterusnya yang diyakini telah menguasai sebagian besar atau seluruh Inggris Anglo Saxon. Daftar ini mereproduksi tujuh raja yang menjalankan imperium yang diusulkan oleh Beda Venerabilis dalam bukunya "Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum" (Sejarah Gerejawi Bangsa Inggris; selesai pada 731) dengan menambahkan nama kedelapan, yaitu Ecgberht, raja Wessex pada awal abad ke-IX.
    Lama dianggap oleh para sejarawan sebagai gelar resmi yang dipakai oleh raja-raja ini, konsep Bretwalda cenderung dianggap sejak akhir abad ke-XX sebagai konstruksi historiografi buatan, yang bagaimanapun membuktikan kegigihan konsep "Britania" setelah akhir periode Romawi.


    Lihat pula



    Daftar penguasa Mercia
    Daftar penguasa Inggris
    Daftar raja legendaris Britania
    Kaisar


    Referensi


    Fanning, Steven. "Bede, Imperium, and the Bretwaldas." Speculum 66 (1991): 1–26.
    Wormald, Patrick. "Bede, the Bretwaldas and the Origins of the Gens Anglorum." In Ideal and Reality in Frankish and Anglo-Saxon Society, ed. P. Wormald et al. Oxford, 1983. 99–129.


    Bacaan selanjutnya


    Charles-Edwards, T. M. "The continuation of Bede, s.a. 750. High-kings, kings of Tara and Bretwaldas." In Seanchas. Studies in early and medieval Irish archaeology, history and literature in honour of Francis J. Byrne, ed. Alfred P. Smyth. Dublin: Four Courts, 2000. 137–45.
    Dumville, David "The Terminology of Overkingship in Early Anglo-Saxon England." In The Anglo-Saxons from the Migration period to the Eighth Century. An Ethnographic Perspective, ed. J. Hines (1997): 345–65
    Keynes, Simon. "Bretwalda." In The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England, ed. Michael Lapidge et al. Oxford, 1999.
    Kirby, D. P. The Making of Early England. London, 1967.
    Wormald, Patrick. "Bede, Beowulf and the conversion of the Anglo-Saxon aristocracy." In Bede and Anglo-Saxon England. Papers in honour of the 1300th anniversary of the birth of Bede, ed. R. T. Farrell. BAR, British series 46. 1978. 32–95.
    Yorke, Barbara. "The vocabulary of Anglo-Saxon overlordship." Anglo-Saxon Studies in Archaeology and History 2 (1981): 171–200.

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Bretwalda by PHALANX - Bretwalda: Chess - Gamefound

Bretwalda by PHALANX - Bretwalda: Chess - Gamefound

‎Bretwalda’s profile • Letterboxd

‎Bretwalda’s profile • Letterboxd

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Bretwalda | Wargamer

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Bretwalda - Alchetron, The Free Social Encyclopedia

Bretwalda | Dicebreaker

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Bretwalda Games company - Mod DB

Bretwalda review – a broadsword in need of sharpening

Bretwalda review – a broadsword in need of sharpening

Bretwalda review – a broadsword in need of sharpening

Bretwalda review – a broadsword in need of sharpening

Bretwalda review – a broadsword in need of sharpening

Bretwalda review – a broadsword in need of sharpening

Bretwalda by PHALANX - Bretwalda game - Gamefound

Bretwalda by PHALANX - Bretwalda game - Gamefound

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Bretwalda by PHALANX - Gamefound

Fight tense battles, conquer enemy territories, build your kingdom, develop new technologies and forge unforgettable memories with up to three of your friends. Are you ready to face the challenge? Back Bretwalda now and gain exclusive content, freebies and a stunningly beautiful area control game!

Bretwalda by PHALANX - Samples, Production, Shipping

Nov 19, 2024 · Fight tense battles, conquer enemy territories, build your kingdom, develop new technologies and forge unforgettable memories with up to three of your friends. Are you ready to face the challenge? Back Bretwalda now and gain exclusive content, freebies and a stunningly beautiful area control game!

Bretwalda main rulebook, and the production timetable update

Jul 7, 2023 · Fight tense battles, conquer enemy territories, build your kingdom, develop new technologies and forge unforgettable memories with up to three of your friends. Are you ready to face the challenge? Back Bretwalda now and gain exclusive content, freebies and a stunningly beautiful area control game!

Bretwalda by PHALANX - New Year's update - Gamefound

Fight tense battles, conquer enemy territories, build your kingdom, develop new technologies and forge unforgettable memories with up to three of your friends. Are you ready to face the challenge? Back Bretwalda now and gain exclusive content, freebies and a stunningly beautiful area control game!

Bretwalda by PHALANX - Danelag & Vanished Kingdoms

Mar 30, 2023 · One of the players takes charge of the Viking raiders to claim the crown of Bretwalda and establish Danelaw across the Anglo-Saxon lands. The expansion comes with a new set of miniatures for the Danes, with Ceorls replaced by Settlers, Thegns with Vikings, and an Ealdorman with a Jarl.

Bretwalda by PHALANX - Solo mode and the Witan Cards

May 25, 2023 · There are three solitaire difficulty level or modes in Bretwalda: Beginner, Advanced and Legendary. The Beginner mode uses a fixed setup and it's an excellent way to learn the rules of the game. Advanced and Legendary modes use variable setups and have restrictions on bribing Neutrals and Danes.

Bretwalda by PHALANX - Printouts report - Gamefound

Jun 28, 2024 · Fight tense battles, conquer enemy territories, build your kingdom, develop new technologies and forge unforgettable memories with up to three of your friends. Are you ready to face the challenge? Back Bretwalda now and gain exclusive content, freebies and a stunningly beautiful area control game!

Bretwalda by PHALANX - Bretwalda is going big! - Gamefound

Nov 4, 2022 · Bretwalda’s Essen SPIEL report, everything you need to know about the Big Box, status updates on the core game and main expansions, and more.

Bretwalda by PHALANX - Bretwalda game - Gamefound

Bretwalda is a game for 1-4 players that plays in around 2 hours. Each player takes charge of one of the four major kingdoms of England: Northumbria, Mercia, Wessex and East Anglia. Their goal: to claim the crown of Bretwalda, the Britain-ruler.

Bretwalda by PHALANX - Production update - Gamefound

Sep 20, 2024 · Fight tense battles, conquer enemy territories, build your kingdom, develop new technologies and forge unforgettable memories with up to three of your friends. Are you ready to face the challenge? Back Bretwalda now and gain exclusive content, freebies and a stunningly beautiful area control game!