campanula

  • Plant Descriptions for Rhododendron Species

    Rhododendron facetum ; R. facetum. Photo source: Kenneth Cox ; Predominant Flower Color: Red ; Flower / Truss Description: Tubular campanulate, with nectar pouches ...

      Campanula GudangMovies21 Rebahinxxi LK21

      Campanula () is the type genus of the Campanulaceae family of flowering plants. Campanula are commonly known as bellflowers and take both their common and scientific names from the bell-shaped flowers—campanula is Latin for "little bell".
      The genus includes over 500 species and several subspecies, distributed across the temperate and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with centers of diversity in the Mediterranean region, Balkans, Caucasus and mountains of western Asia. The range also extends into mountains in tropical regions of Asia and Africa.

      The species include annual, biennial and perennial plants, and vary in habit from dwarf arctic and alpine species under 5 cm high, to large temperate grassland and woodland species growing to 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) tall.


      Description


      The leaves are alternate and often vary in shape on a single plant, with larger, broader leaves at the base of the stem and smaller, narrower leaves higher up; the leaf margin may be either entire or serrated (sometimes both on the same plant). Many species contain white latex in the leaves and stems.
      The flowers are produced in panicles (sometimes solitary), and have a five-lobed corolla, typically large (2–5 cm or more long), mostly blue to purple, sometimes white or pink. Below the corolla, 5 leaf-like sepals form the calyx. Some species have a small additional leaf-like growth termed an "appendage" between each sepal, and the presence or absence, relative size, and attitude of the appendage is often used to distinguish between closely related species.
      The fruit is a capsule containing numerous small seeds.
      Campanula species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including common pug (recorded on harebell), dot moth, ingrailed clay (recorded on harebell), lime-speck pug and mouse moth.


      Cultivation and uses


      Well-known species include the northern temperate Campanula rotundifolia, commonly known as harebell in England and bluebell in Scotland and Ireland (though it is not closely related to the true bluebells), and the southern European Campanula medium, commonly known as Canterbury bells (a popular garden plant in the United Kingdom). As well as several species occurring naturally in the wild in northern Europe, there are many cultivated garden species.
      The cultivars 'Misty Dawn'
      and 'Kent Belle'
      have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
      The species Campanula rapunculus, commonly known as rampion bellflower, rampion, or rover bellflower, is a biennial vegetable which was once widely grown in Europe for its spinach-like leaves and radish-like roots. In many English translations of the Brothers Grimm's tale Rapunzel, rampion is the vegetable that is stolen from the witch. (Rapunzel is a completely different plant, Valerianella locusta.)
      In the UK the National Collection of campanulas is held at Burton Agnes Hall in East Yorkshire and the National Collection of Alpine Campanulas at Langham Hall, Bury St Edmunds, in Suffolk.


      Related genera


      The classification of some Campanulaceae genera as either part of Campanula or separate genera can vary by system, including Azorina, Campanulastrum, Canarina, Edraianthus, Musschia, Ostrowskia, and Platycodon. Some genera previously not segregated from Campanula currently are segregated in some systems, including Annaea, Gadellia, and Theodorovia. Hemisphaera was formerly Campanula, subsect. Scapiflorae, and Neocodon was Campanula sect. Rapunculus.


      Species



      There are 448, including:


      = Formerly placed here

      =
      Adenophora gmelinii (Spreng.) Fisch. (as C. coronopifolia Schult. or C. gmelinii Spreng.)
      Adenophora khasiana (Hook.f. & Thomson) Collett & Hemsl. (as C. khasiana Hook.f. & Thomson)
      Adenophora liliifolia (L.) Besser (as C. liliifolia L.)
      Adenophora triphylla (Thunb.) A.DC. (as C. tetraphylla Thunb. or C. triphylla Thunb.)
      Azorina vidalii (H.C.Watson) Feer (as C. vidalii H.C.Watson)
      Borago pygmaea (DC.) Chater & Greuter (as C. pygmaea DC.)
      Eastwoodiella californica (Kellogg) Morin (as C. californica (Kellogg) A.Heller)
      Legousia pentagonia (L.) Druce (as C. pentagonia L.)
      Legousia speculum-veneris (L.) Durande ex Vill. (as C. speculum-veneris L.)
      Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A.DC. (as C. glauca Thunb. or C. grandiflora Jacq.)
      Ravenella angustiflora (Eastw.) Morin (as C. angustiflora Eastw.)
      Ravenella exigua (Rattan) Morin (as C. exigua Rattan)
      Ravenella griffinii (Morin) Morin (as C. griffinii Morin)
      Ravenella sharsmithiae (Morin) Morin (as C. sharsmithiae Morin)
      Triodanis perfoliata (L.) Nieuwl. (as C. perfoliata L.)
      Wahlenbergia linarioides (Lam.) A.DC. (as C. linarioides Lam.)
      Wahlenbergia marginata (Thunb.) A.DC. C. gracilis G.Forst. or C. marginata Thunb.)
      Wahlenbergia undulata (L.f.) A.DC. (as C. undulata L.f.)


      Chemistry


      Violdelphin is an anthocyanin, a type of plant pigment, found in the blue flowers in the genus Campanula.


      Fossil record


      Three fossil seeds of †Campanula palaeopyramidalis have been extracted from borehole samples of the Middle Miocene fresh water deposits in Nowy Sacz Basin, West Carpathians, Poland.


      References



      Fitter, R; A Fitter (1974). The Wild Flowers of Britain and Northern Europe. Collins.


      External links


      Media related to Campanula at Wikimedia Commons
      Data related to Campanula at Wikispecies

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    Campanula Care Guide – How To Grow Bellflowers - Gardening Know How

    Feb 10, 2024 · Campanula flowers come in a variety of sizes, and colors with most blooms the shape of its common name, the bellflower plant. With over 300 species of campanula plants ranging across subtropical to temperate climes, there’s certain to be a …

    Campanula - Wikipedia

    Campanula (/ k æ m ˈ p æ nj ʊ l ə /) [4] is the type genus of the Campanulaceae family of flowering plants. Campanula are commonly known as bellflowers and take both their common and scientific names from the bell-shaped flowers — campanula is Latin for "little bell".

    Bellflower: How to Grow and Care for Campanula - The Spruce

    Mar 6, 2024 · Bellflowers, or Campanula, are native to the Northern Hemisphere and are incredibly versatile, as they can be grown as perennials, biennials, or annuals, depending on your hardiness zone and the species you select.

    Growing Bellflowers: How to Plant, Grow, and Care for Campanula ...

    Bellflowers are members of the genus Campanula, which comes from the Latin “little bell.” The bells vary from open saucer to pixie cap to tubular. They’re loved by bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds and function as excellent pollinator attractors when planted en masse.

    Campanula: A Growing Guide for Bellflower Plant - Garden Design

    Campanula, also known as bellflower, is grown for the charming bell-shaped flowers in shades of purple, blue, pink, or white. With over 300 species, Campanula can be found growing in a wide range of habitats throughout temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, from rocky alpine cliffs to native meadows.

    Campanula - Which one for my Garden?

    Campanula is a massive genus including more than 300 species of mostly perennials, but also some annuals and biennials. They are one of the treasures of the gardening world because of their diverse habit and bold flowers.

    How to Grow and Care for Campanula -- Garden Chronicle

    Learn how to grow and care for Campanula--bellflowers. Your complete guide to growing and Campanulas both outdoors and indoors. Join our gardening family to receive the latest tips.

    Campanula (Bellflower) / RHS

    Campanula. Common name: Bellflower. Ranging from robust summer border plants to more diminutive types for rockeries and containers, these easy-to-grow plants have mainly clear blue or white, pink or purple flowers. Mostly bell-shaped, sometimes they open to be like flat stars. Some campanula have double flowers.

    Campanula Flower Care: Growing The Old Fashioned Bellflower

    Among the most rewarding characteristics of Campanula varieties are the ones producing myriads of starry saucer-flowers in celestial white flowers or campanula-blue flowers tumbling from pots, hanging baskets, and containers.

    Campanula: A Ultimate Care Guide - The Homey Space

    Read on to learn all you need to know to grow and care for campanula in your garden. What Is Campanula? A genus campanula is a group of flowers that includes over 300 varieties! Some are annuals, and some are perennials. Some stretch upwards …