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The Cana Island lighthouse is a lighthouse located just north of Baileys Harbor in Door County, Wisconsin, United States.
Along with the Baileys Harbor Range Lights, the lighthouse was built to replace the Baileys Harbor Lighthouse in 1869 and was first lit in 1870. It is still used as an active navigational aid under the jurisdiction of the United States Coast Guard, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.
Since the 1970s, both the lighthouse and its keeper's quarters are open for visitors to tour by means of the Door County Maritime Museum.
History
The keeper's quarters, privy, and tower were the first buildings and were made of cream city brick, but the brick of the tower deteriorated quickly because of storms and icy winters. In 1902, a steel cladding was added to the tower to protect it from further deterioration. The cost of the quarters, tower and cladding was $12,793.
The light itself is a third order Fresnel lens. It used to be fueled by lard, later it was fueled by kerosene, then by acetylene, and now by electricity. The round ball at the top is the vent that removed the smoke and soot from the oil lamp. Each night oil had to be carried to the top of the tower by the keeper or his assistant to keep the light fueled. When the light first became electric in 1945, it was by an engine driven, 2 kW generator, and batteries that powered the 100 watt, 32 volt bulb. A powerline was finally installed in the 1960s, and the bulb was switched to a 110 volt, 200 watt bulb. Four bulbs are mounted in a rack that allows for the next bulb to light if the one before it burns out.
An hexagon-shaped oil house, storage building and privy are also located at the site. An oil tank had been in the woods to the south of the building and a pipe underground moved the oil to the building.
The lighthouse is located on the 8.7-acre (3.5 ha) Cana Island connected to the mainland via a rocky channel. Depending on the lake level the channel can be covered with 1–3 feet of cold Lake Michigan water. Originally, only wood walkways on top of rocks and a little dirt covered the area around the buildings. But starting in 1900, top soil was hauled in by a crew of men with eight teams of horses and wagons. Six weeks later they were ready to begin covering the area with grass. There is a stone sea wall on the east end of the island.
Before 1889, the first assistants were spouses or family members. Patrick Chambers was the first non-family member assistant. When electricity came to the island an assistant was no longer needed.
The tower is 89 feet (27 m) tall in all. 79 feet 3 inches (24.16 m) from ground level to focal plane of the light. The light is approximately 85 feet (26 m) above water level, and has a visual range of 17 nautical miles (31 km; 20 mi). The stone foundation goes below ground 4 feet (1.2 m) and is set on bedrock. The tower is 4 feet 8 inches (1.42 m) thick at the base with the outer layer 24 inches (610 mm) thick with a 20-inch (510 mm) air space between it and the 12-inch (300 mm) inner layer of brick at the base. Ten feet from the top it narrows to a 16-inch (410 mm) thickness with a 4-inch (100 mm) airspace and 8-inch (200 mm) inner layer. There are 102 cast iron steps in the circular staircase leading to the watch room.
On October 15, 1880 a terrible storm called the Big Blow of 1880 destroyed seven ships near this lighthouse, and on October 12, 1928, the freighter M.J. Bartelme went aground in the fog at this location after attempts to free the ship failed.
Keepers
William Jackson 1869-1872 (first keeper)
Julius Warren 1872-1875
William Sanderson 1875-1891
Jesse T. Brown 1891-1913
Conrad A. Stram 1913-1918
Oscar R. Knudsen 1918-1924
Michael Drezdon 1941-1945
Rosie and Louie Janda 1977-1995
Gallery
References
Further reading
External links
Cana Island Lighthouse - Door County Maritime Museum
Cana Island Light entry in Seeing the Light (Archived June 22, 2020)
Lighthouse friends article
NPS Inventory of Historic Light Stations - Wisconsin (Archived June 12, 2012)
Video tour of Cana Island Light
Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of the United States: Eastern Wisconsin". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
"Historic Light Station Information and Photography: Wisconsin". United States Coast Guard Historian's Office. Archived from the original on 2017-05-01.
Light List, Volume VII, Great Lakes (PDF). Light List. United States Coast Guard. 2006.
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Cana Island Light - Wikipedia
The Cana Island lighthouse is a lighthouse located just north of Baileys Harbor in Door County, Wisconsin, United States. Along with the Baileys Harbor Range Lights, the lighthouse was built to replace the Baileys Harbor Lighthouse in 1869 and was first lit in 1870.
Cana Island Lighthouse - Door County Maritime Museum
Explore Door County’s most iconic lighthouse, built in 1869 and celebrating more than 150 years of standing watch on the shore of Lake Michigan. Ride a haywagon over the causeway to explore the island, including the 89-foot-tall tower, the original home of the lighthouse keeper and his family, and the oil house where fuel for the light was stored.
Cana Island & Lighthouse - Virtual Experiences - Destination Door County
Visitors reach the island via haywagon ride over a sandy causeway or, when the water is low enough, by wading through on foot. On the eastern edge of the island sits one of the most-iconic and most-photographed lighthouses in Door County and Wisconsin at large—the idyllic Cana Island Lighthouse.
Cana Island Lighthouse - All You Need to Know BEFORE You …
Explore Door County’s most iconic lighthouse, which in 2019 celebrated 150 years of standing watch on the shore of Lake Michigan. Ride a hay-wagon over the causeway to explore the island, including the 89-foot-tall light tower, oil storage house and lighthouse keeper’s home.
Cana Island Lighthouse | Door County, WI
One of Door County's most famous lighthouse, constructed in 1869 and commemorating over a century of vigilant observation from the shores of Lake Michigan. The crowning moment of any visit to Cana Island is ascending the 97 steps of the …
You Can Walk Across Lake Michigan To Cana Island In Wisconsin
Dec 27, 2022 · There's a small land bridge that connects Cana Island in Wisconsin with a 140-year-old lighthouse to the mainland of Door County Wisconsin.
Cana Island Lighthouse, Wisconsin at Lighthousefriends.com
Cana Island Lighthouse is one of the most illustrated and visited lighthouses in Door County. The majestic white tower is attached to a brick keeper’s dwelling and closely resembles the mental image visitors have of a lighthouse.
Cana Island Lighthouse - Hello Door County
The Cana Island Lighthouse is a must-see destination in Door County, standing tall for 150 years and overlooking Lake Michigan. Visitors can take a hay-wagon over the causeway to explore the island and its many features, including the 89-foot-tall light tower, oil storage house, and lighthouse keeper’s home.
Cana Island Lighthouse - Shoreline Boat Tours
Explore Door County’s most iconic lighthouse, which in 2019 celebrated 150 years of standing watch on the shore of Lake Michigan. Ride a hay-wagon over the causeway to explore the island, including the 89-foot-tall light tower, oil storage house and lighthouse keeper’s home.
Cana Island Lighthouse - Travel Wisconsin
Explore Door County’s most iconic lighthouse, which in 2019 celebrated 150 years of standing watch on the shore of Lake Michigan. Ride a hay-wagon over the causeway to explore the island, including the 89-foot-tall light tower, oil storage house and lighthouse keeper’s home.