central and eastern europe

      Central and Eastern Europe GudangMovies21 Rebahinxxi LK21

      Central and Eastern Europe is a geopolitical term encompassing the countries in Northeast Europe (primarily the Baltics), Central Europe, Eastern Europe, and Southeast Europe (primarily the Balkans), usually meaning former communist states from the Eastern Bloc and Warsaw Pact in Europe, as well as from former Yugoslavia. Scholarly literature often uses the abbreviations CEE or CEEC for this term. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) also uses the term "Central and Eastern European Countries" (CEECs) for a group comprising some of these countries. This term is sometimes used as an alternative to the term "Eastern Europe," for more neutral grouping.


      Definitions


      The term CEE includes the Eastern Bloc (Warsaw Pact) countries west of the post-World War II border with the former Soviet Union; the independent states in former Yugoslavia (which were not considered part of the Eastern bloc); and the three Baltic states – Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania (which chose not to join the CIS with the other 12 former republics of the USSR).
      The CEE countries are further subdivided by their accession status to the European Union (EU): the eight first-wave accession countries that joined the EU on 1 May 2004 (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary, and Slovenia), the two second-wave accession countries that joined on 1 January 2007 (Romania and Bulgaria) and the third-wave accession country that joined on 1 July 2013 (Croatia). According to the World Bank 2008 analysis, the transition to advanced market economies is over for all 10 countries that joined the EU in 2004 and 2007.
      The CEE countries include the former socialist states, which extend east of Austria, Germany (western part), and Italy; north of Greece and Turkey (European part); south of Finland and Sweden; and west of Belarus, Moldova, Russia, and Ukraine:

      According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, "Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) is an OECD term for the group of countries comprising Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, and the three Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania."
      The term Central and Eastern Europe (abbreviated CEE) has displaced the alternative term East-Central Europe in the context of transition countries, mainly because the abbreviation ECE is ambiguous: it commonly stands for Economic Commission for Europe, rather than East-Central Europe.


      See also



      Baltic states
      Caucasus
      Central and Eastern European Online Library
      Central Europe
      East-Central Europe
      Eastern Europe
      Eastern European Group
      Eastern Partnership
      European Union
      EuroVoc
      Regions of Europe
      Southeast Europe
      Three Seas Initiative
      Visegrád Group


      References

    Kata Kunci Pencarian: central and eastern europe

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    central and eastern europe

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    socialism in Eastern Europe more than a decade later, than it did at the beginning of Chinese reform, that the rapid unwinding of a centrally planned economy is fraught with risk of massive dislocation. A blueprint that won the plaudits of the international economics profession in 1978 would have been as ill-judged and as dangerous as

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    EASTASIAFORUM

    where he leads the Europe China Research and advice network. he is author of Ballot Box China (Zed books, 2011) and a biography of hu Jintao which will appear in early 2012. Cao Xin is Professor in the department of Economics, Chinese Central Party school, beijing. Peter Drysdale is Emeritus Professor and head of the East asian bureau of