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Charles Deslondes GudangMovies21 Rebahinxxi LK21
Charles Deslondes (c. 1789 – January 11, 1811) was an African American revolutionary who was one of the leaders in the 1811 German Coast uprising, a slave revolt that began on January 8, 1811, in the Territory of Orleans. He led more than 500 rebels against the plantations along the Mississippi River toward New Orleans. White planters formed militias and ended up hunting down the rebels.
The enslaved insurgents killed one Free Man of Color, the "commandant", "overseer", or "slave driver" on the Andry Plantation which started the revolt, and one white man during their retreat from the outskirts of New Orleans. The militia and the Army killed 95 enslaved people, reflecting killings in the battle on Bernard Bernoudy's plantation, some gratuitous "accidental" killings of innocent enslaved people by the Army on its march from New Orleans, and the executions which followed the tribunals after the revolt was put down.
Early life
Charles Deslondes was born on the plantation of Jacques Deslondes about the year 1789. Deslandes's plantation succession records have Charles described as being a "Creole mulatto slave" by the name of Charles, "about 16 years old", listed as a "field laborer." He was likely baptized a Catholic.
It is disputed whether Jacques Deslondes brought Charles over from Saint-Domingue, modern-day Haiti; there is no record of Jacques ever having lived in Saint Domingue, and there is no record of Jacques buying Charles before Deslondes died in 1793. Deslondes had a continually documented presence in Louisiana from the time he was 17 years old until he died in 1793.
Charles Deslondes worked as a "driver," or overseer of enslaved people, on the plantation of Col. Manuel Andre (or Andry), who enslaved 86 people. This plantation was later renamed the Woodland Plantation.
The revolt
Deslondes had organized slaves and maroons for revolt in what is now St. John the Baptist Parish, part of the German Coast (of the Mississippi River) because it had been settled by many German immigrants in the 1720s, long before the cultivation of sugar cane in the area. Deslondes's forces recruited other enslaved people from plantations along the way southeast into St. Charles Parish before turning back shortly before encountering militia sent from New Orleans. Accounts of the number of insurgents vary, from 200 to 500 men. The men killed two whites near the beginning of their march and burned down three plantation houses and some crops. They fought primarily with cane knives and captured a limited number of weapons, although they had planned on more.
On January 11, a planter militia led by Col. Manuel Andry attacked the main body of insurgents at the back of Bernard Bernoudy's plantation west of New Orleans. Andry and his overseer, a free man of color named "Petit" Baptiste Thomassin, had been the first targets of the insurrection. Mr. Thomassin discovered the rebels who killed him, attacked Manuel Andry, and seriously wounded him with an ax. Some contemporary articles falsely indicate that "younger Andry" (son of Manuel Andry) had also been killed. The "younger Andry", Gilbert Andry, died on January 2 and was buried on January 3, five days before the start of the revolt. Gilbert was married to the daughter of Jacques Deslondes, Marie Marcelline Deslondes. The militia killed about forty enslaved people in the battle, from which many enslaved people fled into the swamps. Shortly afterward, the militia killed fourteen more enslaved people in other skirmishes and captured many more, although as many as 100 may have escaped permanently. After interrogating the captives, they quickly tried and executed eighteen enslaved people at the Destrehan plantation. They tried and executed eleven enslaved people in New Orleans. A total of ninety-five insurgents were killed in the aftermath of the rebellion.
= Death
=
Deslondes was among the first captured by dogs after the battle. The militia did not hold him for trial or interrogation. Samuel Hambleton described Deslonde's fate: "Charles [Deslondes] had his hands chopped off then shot in one thigh & then the other, until they were both broken – then shot in the body and before he had expired was put into a bundle of straw and roasted!" His dying cries sent a message to the other escaped enslaved people in the marshes.
Legacy
In 2021 on the site, the 1811 Kid Ory Historic House opened, dedicated both to the German Coast uprising and to Kid Ory, American jazz composer, trombonist, and bandleader, who was born there in 1886.) In a letter printed in the Philadelphia "Political and Commercial Advertiser" on February 19 that year, Deslondes was mistakenly described as a free person of color.
Citations
Further reading
Dormon, James H., "The Persistent Specter: Slave Rebellion in Territorial Louisiana." "Louisiana History" 28 (Fall 1977): 389–404.
Paquette, Robert L., "Revolutionary St. Domingue in the Making of Territorial Louisiana", in "A Turbulent Time: The French Revolution in the Greater Caribbean" (Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, 1997), pp. 218–20.
Rasmussen, Daniel, "American Uprising: The Untold Story of America's Largest Slave Revolt" Harper/HarperCollins Publishers.
Rodriguez, Junius P. "'Always En Garde': The Effects of Slave Insurrection upon the Louisiana Mentality", "Louisiana History" 33 (Fall 1992): 399–416.
Thompson, Thomas Marshall. "National Newspaper and Legislative Reactions to Louisiana's Deslonde Slave Revolt of 1811", "Louisiana History" 33 (Winter 1992): 5–29.
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The Deslondes
Charles Deslondes ~ Complete Wiki & Biography with Photos | Videos
Charles Deslondes ~ Complete Wiki & Biography with Photos | Videos
Charles Deslondes ~ Complete Wiki & Biography with Photos | Videos
Charles Deslondes ~ Complete Wiki & Biography with Photos | Videos
Charles Deslondes ~ Complete Wiki & Biography with Photos | Videos
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Charles Deslondes - Wikipedia
Charles Deslondes (c. 1789 – January 11, 1811) was an African American revolutionary who was one of the leaders in the 1811 German Coast uprising, a slave revolt that began on January 8, 1811, in the Territory of Orleans. He led more than 500 rebels against the plantations along the Mississippi River toward New Orleans. White planters formed ...
America's Largest Slave Revolt - US History Scene
However, the national historical memory of Charles Deslondes and the German Coast Uprising pales in comparison to the much smaller revolt known as NAT TURNER’s Rebellion that took place in Virginia in 1831. This is most likely because Louisiana, at the time, was a very recent annexation into the United States and therefore still seen as an ...
Charles Deslondes: American Slave Revolt Leader - History
Charles Deslondes was the most important figure in an oft-forgotten key revolt that would serve as a micro-event, but nonetheless a catalytic one for future uprisings. It was on the night of January 8, 1811, along Louisiana’s German Coast, ...
How a Nearly Successful Slave Revolt Was Intentionally Lost to …
Jan 8, 2016 · There, a slave driver named Charles Deslondes of Haitian decscent, led a small band of slaves into the mansion of the plantation owners, where they wounded Andry and killed his son Gilbert. The ...
1811 German Coast uprising - Wikipedia
On January 11, militia, assisted by Native American trackers as well as hunting dogs, captured Charles Deslondes, whom Andry considered "the principal leader of the bandits." A slave driver and son of a white man and a slave, Deslondes received no trial or interrogation. Naval officer Samuel Hambleton described his execution as having his hands ...
1811 Slave Revolt - St. Charles Parish, Louisiana Virtual History Museum
The slave Charles Deslondes is thought to have been brought from St. Domingue (present-day Haiti) to the Deslondes Plantation in present-day LaPlace. Some slaves assumed their owners surnames. It is noteworthy that the 1811 uprising in Orleans Territory was in a sense a direct continuation, on the American mainland, of the uprising in St. Domingue. […]
1811 German Coast Slave Revolt – Destrehan Plantation
On January 8, 1811, a slave revolt led by Charles Deslondes swept Destrehan’s Plantation. The insurrection began at the plantation of Manuel Andry in St. John the Baptist Parish. ... At 4:00 a.m. Saturday, January 12, 1811, in the swamps behind the Picou and Trouard Plantations, Charles was captured and brutally killed by detachments led by ...
The Enslaved Peoples' Uprising of 1811 - New Orleans Historical
Led by Charles Deslondes, a slave believed to have arrived in Louisiana from Haiti, the revolt began on January 8 on Manuel Andry’s plantation near present-day LaPlace. Armed with pikes, axes, shovels, and a few rifles, the army of the enslaved began its two-day march in military formation down the east bank of the Mississippi River. Waving ...
Charles Deslondes: The Enslaved African Brutally Lynched for …
Nov 28, 2024 · Charles Deslondes was one of the first that captured by the militia. He was hunted down with the help of Native American trackers and vicious hunting dogs, and what followed was a gruesome and torturous death. Deslondes was not given a trial; instead, he was subjected to brutal mutilation. His hands were chopped off, and he was shot repeatedly ...
Honoring the Spirit of Charles Deslondes’ heroic 1811 Slave Revolt
Feb 28, 2023 · On Jan. 8, 1811, a slave revolt led by Charles Deslondes swept Destrehan’s Plantation. The insurrection began at the plantation of Manuel Andry in St. John the Baptist Parish. The revolutionaries seized weapons and headed toward New Orleans, gaining support for enslaved people along the way. Credit: Public domain
