Conflicts in the Horn of Africa GudangMovies21 Rebahinxxi LK21

      Conflicts in the Horn of Africa have been occurring since the 17th century BCE. The Horn of Africa includes the modern day nation states of Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia.


      Ancient


      Invasion of Ancient Egypt by the Kingdom of Kush and the Land of Punt (17th century BC).


      Medieval and Early Modern


      Ifat's conquest of Makhzumi (c. 1285)
      Conquests of Emperor Amda Seyon I (1314–1344)
      Battle of Gomit (1445) between the Ethiopian Empire and the Adal Sultanate
      Somali–Portuguese conflicts (1505–1543)
      Ethiopian–Adal War (1529–1559)
      Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1538–1560)
      Ottoman conquest of Habesh (1554/1557–1589)
      Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1586–1589)
      Battle of the Dindar River (1738)
      Gobroon–Bardera War (late 18th century)
      British expedition to Abyssinia (1867–1868)
      Egyptian–Ethiopian War (1874–1876)
      Egyptian invasion of the Eastern Horn of Africa (1874–1885)
      Menelik's Invasions (1878–1904)
      Mahdist War (1881–1899)
      Italo-Ethiopian War of 1887–1889 between the Italy and the Ethiopia
      Banadir resistance (1888–1924) between Italy and Somali rebels
      First Italo-Ethiopian War (1895–1896) between the Italy and the Ethiopia


      Early 20th century


      Somaliland campaign (1899–1920) against the United Kingdom, Italy, Ethiopia, and other Somalis
      Battle of Segale (1916) in Ethiopia
      1922 Burao tax revolt (1922) between Habar Yoonis tribesmen and the United Kingdom
      Abyssinia Crisis (1935) between Ethiopia and Italy
      Second Italo-Ethiopian War (1935–1936) between the Kingdom of Italy and the Ethiopian Empire
      World War II
      East African campaign (1940–1941) of Italy against the United Kingdom, the Commonwealth of Nations, Belgium and Ethiopia
      Italian guerrilla war in Ethiopia (1941–1943)
      1945 Sheikh Bashir rebellion (1945) between Habr Je'lo tribesmen and the United Kingdom


      Cold War



      Eritrean War of Independence (1961–1991), between Eritrean liberation fronts (primarily the EPLF and early on also the ELF) and the Ethiopian Empire (1961–1974) and Marxist Derg-ruled Ethiopia (1974–1991)
      1961 revolt in Somalia Between Somaliland secessionists and unionists in Somalia
      Somali–Kenyan conflict (from 1963)
      Shifta War (1963–1967), separatist insurgency by ethnic Somalis in Kenya
      Eritrean Civil Wars (1972–1974;1980–1981) between the EPLF and ELF
      Ethiopian Civil War (1974–1991), between the Derg and various rebel groups; included the Red Terror
      Oromo conflict (from 1973)
      Ogaden War (1977–1978) between Ethiopia and Somalia
      Somaliland War of Independence (1981-1991), between the Somali National Movement and Somalia
      Ethiopian–Somali Border War (1982)


      Post-Cold War


      Somali Civil War (1991–present)
      War in Somalia (2006–2009)
      Somali Civil War (2009–present)
      Djiboutian Civil War (1991–1994)
      Hanish Islands conflict (1995) between Yemen and Eritrea
      Second Afar insurgency (1995–2018)
      Insurgency in Ogaden (1995–2018)
      2007–2008 Ethiopian crackdown in Ogaden
      Eritrean–Ethiopian War (1998–2000)
      Puntland-Somaliland dispute (1998–present)
      Djiboutian–Eritrean border conflict (2008)
      Gedeo– Guji clashes (1995–2018)
      Oromia–Somali clashes (2016–2018)
      Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)
      Oromo conflict (1973–present)
      OLA insurgency (2018–present)
      Tigray War (2020–2022)
      Benishangul-Gumuz conflict (2019–2022)
      Afar–Somali clashes (2020–present)
      War in Amhara (2023–present)
      Al-Fashaga conflict (2020–2022)
      Al-Shabaab invasion of Ethiopia (2022)


      See also


      Political history of Eastern Africa (for ancient, medieval, and early modern conflicts)
      History of Djibouti
      History of Eritrea
      History of Ethiopia
      History of Somalia


      References



      Horn of Africa Concerns from the Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives

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