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Critique is a method of disciplined, systematic study of a written or oral discourse. Although critique is frequently understood as fault finding and negative judgment, it can also involve merit recognition, and in the philosophical tradition it also means a methodical practice of doubt. The contemporary sense of critique has been largely influenced by the Enlightenment critique of prejudice and authority, which championed the emancipation and autonomy from religious and political authorities.
The term critique derives, via French, from the Greek word κριτική (kritikē), meaning "the faculty of judging", that is, discerning the value of persons or things. Critique is also known as major logic, as opposed to minor logic or dialectics.




Critique in philosophy


Philosophy is the application of critical thought, and is the disciplined practice of processing the theory/praxis problem. In philosophical contexts, such as law or academics, critique is most influenced by Kant's use of the term to mean a reflective examination of the validity and limits of a human capacity or of a set of philosophical claims. This has been extended in modern philosophy to mean a systematic inquiry into the conditions and consequences of a concept, a theory, a discipline, or an approach and/or attempt to understand the limitations and validity of that. A critical perspective, in this sense, is the opposite of a dogmatic one. Kant wrote:

We deal with a concept dogmatically ... if we consider it as contained under another concept of the object which constitutes a principle of reason and determine it in conformity with this. But we deal with it merely critically if we consider it only in reference to our cognitive faculties and consequently to the subjective conditions of thinking it, without undertaking to decide anything about its object.
Later thinkers such as Hegel used the word 'critique' in a broader way than Kant's sense of the word, to mean the systematic inquiry into the limits of a doctrine or set of concepts. This referential expansion led, for instance, to the formulation of the idea of social critique, such as arose after Karl Marx's theoretical work delineated in his A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy (1859), which was a critique of the then-current models of economic theory and thought of that time. Further critique can then be applied after the fact, by using thorough critique as a basis for new argument. The idea of critique is elemental to legal, aesthetic, and literary theory and such practices, such as in the analysis and evaluation of writings such as pictorial, musical, or expanded textual works.




Critique vs criticism


In French, German, or Italian, no distinction is drawn between 'critique' and 'criticism': the two words both translate as critique, Kritik, and critica, respectively. In the English language, according to philosopher Gianni Vattimo, criticism is used more frequently to denote literary criticism or art criticism, that is, the interpretation and evaluation of literature and art; while critique may refer to more general and profound writing as Kant's Critique of Pure Reason. Another proposed distinction is that critique is never personalized nor ad hominem, but is instead the analyses of the structure of the thought in the content of the item critiqued. This analysis then offers by way of the critique method either a rebuttal or a suggestion of further expansion upon the problems presented by the topic of that specific written or oral argumentation. Even authors that believe there might be a distinction suggest that there is some ambiguity that is still unresolved.




Critical theory



Marx's work inspired the 'Frankfurt School' of critical theory, now best exemplified in the work of Jürgen Habermas. This, in turn, helped inspire the cultural studies form of social critique, which uses cultural products and their reception to record and inspire change regarding wider social ills such as racism or gender bias. Social critique has been further extended in the work of Michel Foucault and of Catholic philosopher Alasdair MacIntyre. In their different and radically contrasting ways, MacIntyre and Foucault go well beyond the original Kantian meaning of the term critique in contesting legitimatory accounts of social power. Critique as critical theory has also led to the emergence of critical pedagogy, exemplified by Paulo Freire, bell hooks, and others.




See also



Constructive criticism
Critical philosophy
Critical theory
Critical thinking
Criticism
Category:Criticism




References






External links

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• Critique Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
• CRITIQUE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
• Critique - Wikipedia
• CRITIQUE | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary
• How To Write a Critique (With Types and an Example)
• Critique - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms | Vocabulary.com
• CRITIQUE definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
• Critique Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
• critique noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes ...
• Critique - Examples and Definition of Critique - Literary Devices

Critique Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster

The meaning of CRITIQUE is an act of criticizing; especially : a critical estimate or discussion. How to use critique in a sentence. Did you know?

CRITIQUE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary

CRITIQUE definition: 1. a report of something such as a political situation or system, or a person's work or ideas, that…. Learn more.

Critique - Wikipedia

Critique is a method of disciplined, systematic study of a written or oral discourse. Although critique is frequently understood as fault finding and negative judgment, [1] it can also involve …

CRITIQUE | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary

CRITIQUE meaning: 1. a report of something such as a political situation or system, or a person's work or ideas, that…. Learn more.

How To Write a Critique (With Types and an Example)

Jan 28, 2025 · A critique is a response to a body of work, be it a performance, concept, argument, scholarly article, poem or book. If you write a critique, you can present your opinion of the work …

Critique - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms | Vocabulary.com

As a verb, critique means to review or examine something critically. As a noun, a critique is that review or examination, like an art essay or a book report.

CRITIQUE definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary

A critique is a written examination and judgment of a situation or of a person's work or ideas. She had brought a book, a feminist critique of women novelists.

Critique Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary

CRITIQUE meaning: a careful judgment in which you give your opinion about the good and bad parts of something (such as a piece of writing or a work of art)

critique noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes ...

Definition of critique noun in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.

Critique - Examples and Definition of Critique - Literary Devices

Critique is a literary technique that means to critically evaluate a piece of literary work, a political or philosophical theory in detail, or a piece of artwork. Definition, Usage and a list of Critique …