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JosĂ© Enrique Clay RamĂłn de JesĂşs Creel Cuilty, sometimes known as Henry Clay Creel (30 August 1854 – 18 August 1931) was a Mexican businessman, politician and diplomat, member of the powerful Creel-Terrazas family of Chihuahua. He was a member of the CientĂficos, as well as founder and president of the Banco Central Mexicano, vice-president of Kansas City, Mexico and Orient Railway, as well as governor of Chihuahua on two occasions, ambassador of Mexico to the United States, and Minister of Foreign Affairs of President Porfirio DĂaz in the last years of his regime. The foremost banker during the Porfirato (1876-1910) he is considered a symbol of the Porfirian regime.
Biography
Creel was born on 30 August 1850 in Ciudad Chihuahua, Chihuahua. He was the son of Paz Cuilty Bustamante, a Mexican woman, and Reuben W. Creel, an American of English descent from Greensburg, Kentucky. Reuben was an interpreter for the American army during the Mexican American War, and remained in Mexico after the war ended. Reuben was also who served as Abraham Lincoln's US Consul in Chihuahua from 1863 to 1866. Enrique Creel became son-in-law of Don Luis Terrazas by virtue of marriage to his daughter Angela (Reuben Creel and Luis Terrazas were married to sisters of the wealthy Cuilty family, whose ancestry was English and was related to Sir Thomas More).
After Porfirio DĂaz became president of Mexico in 1876, he appointed Creel as a director of the National Board of Dynamite and Explosives. Mexico's demand for explosives was high because of its mining and railroad industries and the army's need for munitions. The board imposed an 80% import duty on dynamite, allowing its members to manufacture explosives without competition and reportedly enabling Creel to amass an even larger fortune in kickbacks.
In 1898, he founded the Banco Central Mexicano (of which he became president) alongside other members of the CientĂficos.
Enrique Creel served as Mexico's Minister of Foreign Relations and as its Ambassador to the United States. The bilingual Creel served as interpreter when Presidents Porfirio DĂaz and William Howard Taft met in 1909 on the international bridge between Ciudad Juárez and El Paso. He became vice-president of the Kansas City, Mexico and Orient Railway, where he was responsible for the construction of part of the railroad west of Chihuahua, now the Chihuahua Pacific Railroad (Ferrocarril Chihuahua al PacĂfico) which runs through the town of Creel, Chihuahua. He was a key intermediary between the Mexican government and foreign companies, serving on their boards, as well as helping arrange "government subsidies and tax abatements and financial support for foreign firms." His haciendas once totaled more than 1.7 million acres (6,900 km2). Creel was one of DĂaz's advisers who had urged the president to be interviewed by James Creelman of Pearson's Magazine, in which DĂaz declared he would not be a candidate for president in 1910.
The Mexican Revolution forced him to abandon Mexico for the United States and he had major financial losses due to the Revolution, with revolutionaries expropriating his landed estates. He returned after the end of the revolution, and served for a period in the administration of northern revolutionary general Alvaro Obregón (1920–24). He died in Mexico City on August 18, 1931 .
Publications
Los bancos de MĂ©xico (English: The Banks of Mexico)
ImportaciĂłn y exportaciĂłn (Imports and Exports)
Agricultura y agrarismo (Agriculture and Agrarianism)
See also
Creel-Terrazas Family, a powerful and wealthy family from Chihuahua founded by Luis Terrazas, his father-in-law.
References
= Bibliography
=
Almada, Francisco R. (1980). Gobernadores del Estado de Chihuahua (in Spanish). Centro Librero La Prensa.
Chico y Pardo, Maria Elena (2009). "Enrique C. Creel Cuilty". Cancilleres de MĂ©xico (PDF) (in Spanish). MĂ©xico: SecretarĂa de Relaciones Exteriores. pp. 626–641. ISBN 978-968-810-389-0. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-06-26.
Further reading
Caballero, Raymond (2017). Orozco: Life and Death of a Mexican Revolutionary. Norman OK: University of Oklahoma Press.
Caballero, Raymond (2020). Pascual Orozco, ÂżHĂ©roe y traidor?. MĂ©xico, D.F.: Siglo XXI Editores.
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José Enrique Clay Ramón de Jesús Creel Cuilty, [6] sometimes known as Henry Clay Creel (30 August 1854 – 18 August 1931) was a Mexican businessman, politician and diplomat, member …
José Enrique Clay Ramón de Jesús Creel Cuilty (Chihuahua, Chihuahua; 30 de agosto de 1854-Ciudad de México, 18 de agosto de 1931), conocido como Enrique C. Creel o Enrique Creel …
Enrique Clay Creel (b. 30 August 1854; d. 17 August 1931), Mexican banker, governor of Chihuahua (1904–1911). Born in Chihuahua, Creel was the son of the U.S. consul there. He …
Enrique C. Creel was Mexico's leading banker, an innovative indus- trialist, venture capitalist, and representative of the nation's largest land and cattle owner; he was also the political boss of …
11 Jun 2012 · Enrique C. Creel was Mexico's leading banker, an innovative industralist, venture capitlist, and representative of the nation's largest land and cattle owner; he was also the …
Enrique Creel served as Secretary of Foreign Relations after the death of Ignacio Mariscal and flourished in wealth and responsibility during the reign of Porfirio DĂaz. His duties as Foreign …
Enrique Creel served as Mexico's Minister of Foreign Relations and as its Ambassador to the United States. The bilingual Creel served as interpreter when Presidents Porfirio DĂaz and …
MEXICO CITY, Aug. 18 (AP)--Enrique C. Creel, former Ambassador to Washington, died at his home here last night after a long illness. He was almost 77 years old. View Full Article in...
Enrique Creel (1854-1931) is a historical figure related to the region of Chihuahua, Mexico. He was an industrialist, politician and one of the main leaders of the region in the 20th century.
Enrique Clay Creel Cuilty, a veces conocido como Henry Clay Creel (30 de agosto de 1854 - 18 de agosto de 1931) fue un empresario, polĂtico y diplomático mexicano, miembro de la …
