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Epitonium is a genus of small predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks. Epitonium is the type genus of the family Epitoniidae, the wentletraps.
The common name wentletraps is derived from the Dutch word wenteltrap, denoting a spiral staircase. This refers to the striking form and sculpture of the shells of the mollusks in this genus, and to a lesser extent, the whole family.
The genus Epitonium has been divided in the past by some authors into several subgenera, but these subgenera were based only on shell characters and did not reflect the true underlying relationships or phylogeny.




Shell description


Epitonium shells are high-spired, and are all-white in most of the species within this genus. A few species are tinted with brown to varying degrees, or have a brown stripe on the shoulder of the whorl. The shells typically have blade-like vertical ribs, known as costae.




Habitat


Wentletraps usually live in sand near sea anemones or corals.




Life habits


These snails are predators and feed by inserting their proboscis and biting out small pieces of the anemone's tissues. Some species of wentletrap feed on only one species of sea anemone, in other words they are species-specific in terms of their prey.




Synonymised genera


Many species that now are placed in the genus Epitonium have, over the years, been classified in other genera. These have become synonyms of Epitonium :




Species



Species within the genus Epitonium include:
Note: Some malacologists have recently placed many of the more than 600 named species into other genera, which were previously considered to be subgenera of the genus Epitonium. On the other hand, many species that belonged to subgenera of Epitonium are now included in Epitonium. These subgenera were based on details of the shell sculpture and not on molecular analysis.

Subgenera and species brought into synonymy

Epitonium (Asperiscala) de Boury, 1909: synonym of Epitonium Röding, 1798
Epitonium (Boreoscala) Kobelt, 1902: synonym of Boreoscala Kobelt, 1902
Epitonium (Clathrus) : synonym of Epitonium Röding, 1798
Epitonium (Kiiscala) Nakayama, 1995 : synonym of Cycloscala Dall, 1889
Epitonium delicatulum (Adams H., 1869): synonym of Epitonium tenerum (H. Adams, 1873)




See also


Wentletrap, an article about the family Epitoniidae.




References



Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca. in: Costello, M.J. et al. (eds), European Register of Marine Species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Patrimoines Naturels. 50: 180-213.
"Epitonium". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0-00-216906-1




External links



Röding P.F. (1798). Museum Boltenianum sive Catalogus cimeliorum e tribus regnis naturæ quæ olim collegerat Joa. Fried Bolten, M. D. p. d. per XL. annos proto physicus Hamburgensis. Pars secunda continens Conchylia sive Testacea univalvia, bivalvia & multivalvia. Trapp, Hamburg. viii, 199 pp.
Suter H. (1913). Manual of the New Zealand Mollusca with an atlas of quarto plates. Wellington. xxiii + 1120 pp.
Kilburn R.N. (1985). The family Epitoniidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in southern Africa and Mozambique. Annals of the Natal Museum. 27(1): 239-337
Brown L.G. & Neville B.D. (2015). Catalog of the recent taxa of the families Epitoniidae and Nystiellidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) with a bibliography of the descriptive and systematic literature. Zootaxa. 3907(1): 1-188
Serge GOFAS, Ángel A. LUQUE, Joan Daniel OLIVER, José TEMPLADO & Alberto SERRA (2021) - The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean); European Journal of Taxonomy 785: 1–114

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Epitonium
• Wentletrap
• Epitonium bucknilli
• Epitonium clathrus
• Epitonium humphreysii
• Epitonium novangliae
• Gastropod shell
• Epitonium scalare
• Gyroscala lamellosa
• Epitonium jukesianum

Epitonium - Alchetron, The Free Social Encyclopedia

Epitonium - Alchetron, The Free Social Encyclopedia

Epitonium - Alchetron, The Free Social Encyclopedia

Epitonium - Alchetron, The Free Social Encyclopedia

Epitonium sp. 5

Neogene Atlas of Ancient Life | Epitonium

Cretaceous Atlas of Ancient Life | Epitonium

Epitonium sp. 22 Marshall Islands

Epitonium replicatum Marshall Islands

Epitonium clathrus - Wikimedia Commons

Semismooth Wentletrap (Epitonium apiculatum) · iNaturalist Canada

Epitonium replicatum · iNaturalist

epitonium

Daftar Isi

• Epitonium - Wikipedia
• Epitonium scalare - Wikipedia
• Epitonium clathrus - Wikipedia
• Epitonium Röding, 1798 - WoRMS - World Register of Marine …
• Epitonium tinctum (Carpenter, 1864) - Walla Walla University
• Gastropods - Epitoniidae
• Epitonium (Viciniscala) liliputanum - Gastropods by Eddie Hardy
• Epitonium scalare (Linnaeus, 1758) - GBIF
• Epitonium clathratulum | NBN Atlas
• WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Epitonium …

Epitonium - Wikipedia

Epitonium is a genus of small predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks. Epitonium is the type genus of the family Epitoniidae, the wentletraps. [1] The common name wentletraps is derived from the Dutch word wenteltrap, denoting a spiral staircase.

Epitonium scalare - Wikipedia

Epitonium scalare, common name the precious wentletrap, is a predatory or ecto parasitic species of marine gastropod with an operculum, in the family Epitoniidae, the wentletraps. [1] In the 17th and 18th century this was once considered to be a very rare shell and specimens changed hands for large sums of money.

Epitonium clathrus - Wikipedia

Epitonium clathrus is a predator of sea anemones (Anthozoa, Actiniaria) and corals (Anthozoa, Scleractinia). It has been seen feeding on the sea anemone Anemonia sulcata and found in the neighbourhood of sea anemones Sagartia troglodytes and Sargartiogeton undatus.

Epitonium Röding, 1798 - WoRMS - World Register of Marine …

Système des animaux sans vertèbres, ou tableau général des classes, des ordres et des genres de ces animaux; Présentant leurs caractères essentiels et leur distribution, d'apres la considération de leurs rapports naturels et de leur organisation, et suivant l'arrangement établi dans les galeries du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, parmi leurs dépoui...

Epitonium tinctum (Carpenter, 1864) - Walla Walla University

Epitonium tinctum, about 1.5 cm long, from intertidal at San Simeon, CA. The shell was among the bases of Anthopleura elegantissima anemones. Description: Wentletrap shells (family Epitoniidae) usually are white, tall and narrow, and have an impressed suture between the whorls. They have no spiral ridges.

Gastropods - Epitoniidae

May 25, 2019 · Epitonium sawinae (Dall, 1903) Sawin's Wentletrap subtidal, 18-90m size to at least 20mm California to BC This pure white shell has axial ribs which are usually pointed at the top. The sutures are deeply impressed.

Epitonium (Viciniscala) liliputanum - Gastropods by Eddie Hardy

Conchology, Inc. is the world's leading seashell company. With over 172,000 shells for sale. With seashell related information for expert and amateur collectors.

Epitonium scalare (Linnaeus, 1758) - GBIF

Epitonium scalare Abstract Epitonium scalare, common name the precious wentletrap, is a predatory or ectoparasitic species of marine gastropod with an operculum, in the family Epitoniidae, the wentletraps.Rosenberg, G. (2010).

Epitonium clathratulum | NBN Atlas

This map contains both point- and grid-based occurrences at different resolutions. 15 datasets have provided data to the NBN Atlas for this species. Browse the list of datasets and find organisations you can join if you are interested in participating in a survey for species like Epitonium clathratulum (Kanmacher, 1798)

WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Epitonium …

Epitonium clathratulum (Kanmacher, 1798). Accessed through: Costello, M.J.; Bouchet, P.; Boxshall, G.; Arvanitidis, C.; Appeltans, W. (2024) European Register of Marine Species at: …