focus

      Focus GudangMovies21 Rebahinxxi LK21

      Focus (pl.: foci or focuses) may refer to:


      Arts


      Focus or Focus Festival, former name of the Adelaide Fringe arts festival in East Australia


      = Film

      =
      Focus (2001 film), a 2001 film based on the Arthur Miller novel
      Focus (2015 film), a 2015 film about con artists


      = Music

      =
      Focus (music), a musical technique also known as modal frame
      Focus..., American music producer
      Focus (band), Dutch progressive rock band


      Albums


      Focus (Stan Getz album), 1961 jazz album
      Focus (Bill Hardman album), 1984 jazz album
      Focus (Jan Akkerman & Thijs van Leer album), 1985
      Focus (Cynic album), 1993 metal album
      Focus (Chico Freeman album), 1994 jazz album
      Focus (Souls of Mischief album), 1998 alternative hip-hop album
      Focus (Holly Starr album), 2012 CCM album
      Focus (Arthur Blythe album), 2002 jazz album
      Focus (Diaura album), 2013 Japanese visual kei album


      Songs


      "Focus" (Ariana Grande song), 2015
      "Focus" (Bazzi song), 2019
      "Focus" (Craig David song), 2018
      "Focus" (H.E.R. song), 2017
      "Focus" (Jacob Whitesides song), 2016
      "Focus / No Angel", a 2018 single by Charli XCX
      "Focus", a song by Joe Budden
      "Focus", a song by Susumu Hirasawa from Paranoia Agent Original Soundtrack
      "Focus", a song by Kim Dong-han from D-Hours AM 7:03
      "Focus", a song by 10 Years from Division
      "The Focus", by Failure, from The Heart Is a Monster, 2015


      = Writing

      =
      Focus (encyclopedia), a 1958 Swedish language encyclopedia
      Focus (German magazine), a German weekly news magazine
      Focus (Italian magazine), an Italian monthly popular science magazine
      Focus (Polish magazine), a Polish scientific monthly magazine
      Focus (Christian magazine)
      Focus (Ukrainian magazine), a national Ukrainian weekly news magazine
      Focus Taiwan, of the Central News Agency
      Focus (novel), a 1945 novel by Arthur Miller
      BBC Focus, a monthly science and technology magazine
      Fokus (magazine), a Swedish magazine
      San Francisco Focus, a monthly magazine


      Companies, brands, organizations


      Anti-Nazi Council, a 1930s organisation operated by a group known as Focus in Defence of Freedom and Peace sometimes called the Focus Group, including Winston Churchill
      Focus DIY, a UK chain of do-it-yourself stores
      Focus.com, a business social networking platform
      Focus Brands, American restaurant franchiser and operator
      Focus Features, the art house films division of NBC Universal's Universal Studios
      Focus Films, U.K. independent film producer
      FOR Organizing Committee of the United States, an American post-Trotskyist group, known as FOCUS
      Focus Humanitarian Assistance, an international emergency relief organization
      Focus Ireland, Irish nonprofit organization providing services for homeless people
      Focus on the Family, an American non-profit organization
      Focus Services, an international call center company
      Fellowship of Catholic University Students, a Catholic outreach program for American college students founded in 1997
      Focus Software, former name of Zemax Development Corporation, a maker of optical design software
      Focus Home Interactive, a French publisher of computer games
      Families OverComing Under Stress, a stress management program
      Focus Bikes, a German bicycle manufacturer
      Ford Focus, an international Ford automobile
      Focus (board game), an abstract strategy game
      Samsung Focus, a smartphone manufactured by Samsung which runs Microsoft Windows Phone
      Focus (Croatian political party), a political party in Croatia
      The Focus Foundation, an American research and support foundation


      Science and technology




      = Computing and mathematics

      =
      Focus (computing), which of a number of GUI elements currently accepts keyboard input
      FOCUS, a database reporting program
      HP FOCUS, a CPU architecture
      Helicon Focus, an image software program
      Focus (geometry), a key point in specifying a conic section or other plane curve
      Firefox Focus, a privacy-focused browser from Mozilla
      Focus number system, a logarithmic number system proposed in 1977


      = Social sciences

      =
      Focus or attention, selectively concentrating on one aspect of the environment while ignoring other things
      Focus (linguistics), the way information in one phrase relates to information that has come before
      Focus group, a form of qualitative research in which a group of people are asked about their attitude towards a product, service, concept, advertisement, idea, or packaging


      = Other sciences

      =
      Epileptic focus in epilepsy
      Focus (earthquake), an earthquake's underground point of origin or hypocenter
      Focus (optics), a point toward which rays are made to converge


      = Military technology

      =
      AGM-87 Focus, a U.S. Navy air-to-surface missile
      Operation Focus, the Israeli name for the attack against the Egyptian Air Force in the Six-Day War


      Other uses


      Focus mitt, a padded target attached to a glove and usually used in training boxers and other combat athletes
      Focus, in Final Fantasy XIII, a task given to L'Cie to grant eternal life upon completion, or the life of a mindless Cieth on failure
      Fokus, a Danish political party
      Focus (name)
      FOCUS Program, a voluntary study program at numerous American universities
      Focus (Warsaw), an office building in Warsaw, Poland


      See also


      Focus group, a group interviewed to analyse opinions
      Focus Group (disambiguation)
      Hyperfocus, an intense form of mental concentration on a subject, topic, or task
      Strong focusing, a principle in accelerator physics
      Focal (disambiguation)
      Focused (disambiguation)
      Focusing (disambiguation)
      Focal point (disambiguation)
      Fantasy Focus (disambiguation)
      All pages with titles beginning with Focus

      FOCUS GudangMovies21 Rebahinxxi LK21

      FOCUS is a fourth-generation programming language (4GL) computer programming language and development environment that is used to build database queries. Produced by Information Builders Inc., it was originally developed for data handling and analysis on the IBM mainframe. Subsequently versions for minicomputers and such as the VAX and other platforms were implemented. FOCUS was later extended to personal computers and (in 1997) to the World Wide Web: the WebFOCUS product.


      History


      Information Builders's FOCUS product began as an alternate product to Mathematica's RAMIS, the first Fourth-generation programming language (4GL).
      National CSS (NCSS), a Time-sharing vendor, licensed rights to make RAMIS available on its VP/CSS system.
      At some point Mathematica changed its licensing price.
      The interested parties were:

      NCSS, which was marketing RAMIS (and other products) for use on their time-sharing system
      Mathematica, owner of RAMIS
      Key developers/programmers of RAMIS
      some stayed with Mathematica
      others left to form the company that became Information Builders, known for its FOCUS product


      = Relation to other 4GLs

      =
      RAMIS was the direct ancestor of FOCUS.
      Gerald D. Cohen and Peter Mittelman were the principal developers of RAMIS while working at Mathematica Products Group in 1970. RAMIS was licensed by Mathematica to a number of in-house clients (including Nabisco and AT&T Corporation), and was also offered by the National CSS timesharing company. In October 1975 Cohen left Mathematica and formed Information Builders, after which he recreated the product he had built at Mathematica in the form of FOCUS,
      which was very similar to RAMIS: "the same bugs and the same misspelled error messages."

      The syntax of FOCUS in its simplest elements is almost a direct clone of the syntax of RAMIS bearing a resemblance similar to the differences between various early dialects of SQL. At the same time, NCSS decided to work on its own product, later called NOMAD. All three products flourished during the 1970s and early 1980s, with FOCUS also being offered on a time-sharing basis via
      Tymeshare.
      Mathematica's time ran out in the mid-80s, and NCSS also failed, a victim of the personal computing revolution which obviated commercial timesharing.
      RAMIS was sold to a series of companies, ultimately landing with Computer Associates. NOMAD suffered a similar fate. FOCUS, under Cohen's direction, continued to flourish by expanding their product line.
      Loosely competitive with SAS, FOCUS never quite reached the same degree of mainstream adoption, perhaps because it had only basic analytical and statistical functions and lacked the wide array of specialized analytic tools which made SAS the standard in fields such as pharmaceutical clinical trials. Instead, FOCUS concentrated on extreme flexibility in data import and export as well as ad hoc end-user reporting.


      = Integration

      =
      Software packages with which FOCUS has linked and integrated include:

      Excel
      AJAX


      = Business Intelligence competitors

      =
      Business intelligence software competitors include:


      Description


      Although FOCUS resembles other data access and analysis tools, such as SQL and SAS, it also includes report and chart display and presentation features. It automates the process of identifying files to the operating system, opening the input file, reading the next record, opening the output file, writing the next record, and closing the files. This basic operation allows the user/programmer to concentrate on the details of working with the data within each record, in effect working almost entirely within an implicit program loop that runs for each record, somewhat like RPG (Report Program Generator). Other procedures operate on the dataset as a whole, for instance printing or statistical analysis, and merely require the user/programmer to identify the dataset.
      Compared to general-purpose programming languages, this structure allows the user/programmer to be less familiar with the technical details of the data and how it is stored, and relatively more familiar with the information contained in the data. This blurs the line between user and programmer, appealing to individuals whose work roles are in business or research rather than information technology. This in turn has the double edged result of allowing rapid answers to business or research questions, even ones requiring several iterations to get from the initial results to a final answer; but also can contribute to the construction of a large body of poorly written and/or difficult to maintain source code.


      = Master File Description (MFD)

      =
      A feature that was unique at the time is that FOCUS features the ability for the user to construct a data description file (called a "master file description") referring to the actual data file, or even several different data description files addressing the same data file in different ways, rather than the usual practice of having the file structure hard-coded into the program.
      In this way, files of any structure from any source can be accessed or produced in many different ways, eliminating much of the data manipulation (for example concatenation, or parsing) at times required with other earlier programming languages. For instance, the same actual data file can be accessed (read or write) as each record being an 80 byte text string, or as 40 2 character numerical fields, other as 10 8-byte floating point numbers, etc., by the user simply re-writing the appropriate master file description as needed.


      = Samples

      =
      (batch)
      PRINT LASTNAME FIRSTNAME AREACODE PHONUM NOTES
      PRINT PROJNAME AND PROJCOST BY CUSTNAME SUBTOTAL PROJCOST BY CUSTID
      The second command would produce a report with headings
      CUSTNAME CUSTID PROJNAME PROJCOST

      followed by one or more lines of detail, followed by
      _TOTAL_ CUSTNAME xxxxx (and $z,zzz.zz for that CUSTNAME)
      The bottom of the report would have the total for ALL projects.
      (interactive)
      MODIFY FILE PHONEIDX
      PROMPT AREACODE PHONUM LASTNAME FIRSTNAME NOTES
      MATCH AREACODE PHONUM
      ON MATCH REJECT
      ON NOMATCH INCLUDE
      DATA
      There are keywords to facilitate modification (or deletion) of existing data, and the prompting and error messages from the interactive session can be customized.


      WebFOCUS


      In 1997, a web-based version of FOCUS was introduced called "WebFOCUS" which built on the data access and reporting foundation of FOCUS, expanding these to a visually oriented thin-client paradigm accessible from any web browser.
      WebFOCUS's language has both a "procedural" and "non-procedural" command structure. The former is for more immediate execution, whereas the latter "are placed into a stack of memory for later execution."


      References




      External links


      Corporate website (Informationbuilders.com)
      FOCUS developer manuals

      Focus... GudangMovies21 Rebahinxxi LK21

      Bernard Edwards Jr. (born November 6, 1972), known professionally as Focus..., is an American record producer from New York City. He gained major recognition upon signing with Dr. Dre's Aftermath Entertainment in 2002. During his tenure with the label, Edwards worked with artists including Dre himself, Beyoncé, Eminem, Wu-Tang Clan, Jennifer Lopez, Christina Aguilera, 50 Cent, Busta Rhymes, Outlawz, the Game, Joe, Petey Pablo, Marsha Ambrosius and Bishop Lamont, among others. Edwards formed the supergroup Read the PDF with fellow Aftermath producers, Dem Jointz and Mr. Porter in 2022.


      Life and career


      Focus... is the son of the late Bernard Edwards, co-founder of disco and R&B band Chic. He was born in Manhattan, New York City, and raised in the Tri-State Region. Edwards Jr. credits his father with his love for the production side of music, which he developed from an early age, attending numerous studio sessions with his father.
      Focus...'s production talents were first recognized by Dr. Dre when an artist Edwards Jr. had produced, Daks, greatly impressed the Aftermath label head. He later signed Focus... so that the two could then continue working together.
      The beginning of 2009 saw Focus leave Aftermath after seven years with the label.
      In 2014, Focus returned to Aftermath Entertainment as an official staff producer where he worked side by side with Dr. Dre and collaborators to help craft the Grammy nominated, highly anticipated album Compton. Compton was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).
      Focus is now the CEO of his own entertainment company N|VZXN Entertainment.


      Production




      = 1999

      =
      Solé – Skin Deep
      "I'm Coming" (Intro)
      "Spell My Name Right" (featuring Mr. Raja) (produced with Tricky Stewart)
      "Antoine's Interlude" (produced with Tricky Stewart)
      "Young Niggas" (produced with Tricky Stewart)
      "Pain" (produced with Tricky Stewart)


      = 2000

      =
      Joe – My Name Is Joe
      "Get Crunk Tonight"
      Kandi Burruss – Hey Kandi...
      "Introduction"
      "Hey Kandi"
      "Pants on Fire"
      "Talking' Bout Me"
      "Sucka for You"
      "Outro"


      = 2001

      =
      Christina Milian – Christina Milian
      "It Hurts When..." (produced with Montell Jordan)
      "Twitch" (produced with Montell Jordan)
      Destiny's Child – 8 Days of Christmas
      "Spread a Little Love on Christmas Day" (produced with Beyoncé Knowles, Ric Wake)
      Various artists – The Wash
      "Riding High" (Daks featuring R.C.)


      = 2002

      =
      Truth Hurts – Truthfully Speaking
      "Next To Me"
      "Do Me"
      Jennifer Lopez – This Is Me... Then
      "Dear Ben" (produced with Cory Rooney)
      Petey Pablo – Drumline
      "Club Banger"
      Montell Jordan – Montell Jordan
      "MJ V Intro"
      MJ Anthem
      Top Or Bottom
      "Mine, Mine, Mine" (included in Rush Hour 2)
      Why Can’t We
      The Rain


      = 2003

      =
      Sly Boogy – Judgement Day
      "California" (featuring Butch Cassidy, Truth Hurts)
      Beyoncé Knowles – Dangerously in Love
      "Yes" (produced with Beyoncé Knowles)


      = 2004

      =
      Petey Pablo – Still Writing in My Diary: 2nd Entry
      "Roll Off"
      Mac Dre – Ronald Dregan: Dreganomics
      "Get Stupid"
      Wylde Bunch – Wylde Tymes at Washington High
      "Our Lyfe"


      = 2005

      =
      The Game – The Documentary
      "Where I'm From" (featuring Nate Dogg)
      112 – Pleasure & Pain
      "U Already Know" (produced with Sean Garrett)
      Outlawz – Outlaw 4 Life: 2005 A.P.
      "Real Talk" (featuring Focus...)
      "If You Want 2"
      "I Dare U" (featuring Focus...)
      Sway & King Tech – Back 2 Basics
      "Watch Closer" (featuring Chino XL, Tracy Lane)
      "I Don't Think So" (featuring Kam)
      "We Don't Give A..." (featuring Kallihan, Hellraiza)
      "Hands to the Sky" (featuring Verb & Rock)
      Tony Yayo – Thoughts of a Predicate Felon
      "Eastside Westside"
      "Project Princess" (featuring Jagged Edge)
      "Live by the Gun"


      = 2006

      =
      Stat Quo – Eminem Presents: The Re-Up
      "By My Side"


      = 2007

      =
      Bishop Lamont – N***** Noise
      "Klansmen"
      "American Dreams"
      Salah Edin – Nederlands Grootste Nachtmerrie
      "NGN" (featuring Focus...)
      "T.H.E.O. (Teleurstelling, Haat, Ergernis & Onbegrip)"
      "Het Land Van..."
      "Geliefd Om Gehaat Te Worden"
      "Opgeblazen" (featuring Opgezwolle)
      "0172"
      "Zwarte Gat Op Het Witte Doek" (featuring Focus...)
      "Geld" (featuring Caprice)
      "Hosselaar"
      "Vrouwtje Is Een Bitch"
      "Samen Huilen, Samen Lachen"
      "Koning Ter Rijk"
      "Oog Om Oog" (featuring Probz)
      "Paradijs Is Nu"
      La Fouine – Aller-Retour
      "Intro"
      "La Danse Du Ghetto"
      "C'est Pas La Peine"
      "Contrôle Abusif"
      "Laissez-Moi Dénoncer"
      "Partout Pareil"
      Keke Palmer – So Uncool
      "The Game Song"
      "Music Box"


      = 2008

      =
      Girlicious – Girlicious
      "Mirror"
      Bishop Lamont – The Confessional
      "The Confessional" (Intro)
      "Better Than You"
      "The Name" (featuring Dirty Birdy, Kida, Flii Stylz)


      = 2009

      =
      Busta Rhymes – Back on My B.S.
      "Respect My Conglomerate" (featuring Lil Wayne, Jadakiss)
      "If You Don't Know Now You Know" (featuring Big Tigger)
      Slaughterhouse – Slaughterhouse
      "Lyrical Murderers" (featuring K-Young)


      = 2010

      =
      Christina Aguilera – Bionic
      "Morning Dessert" (Intro)
      "Sex for Breakfast"
      Bishop Lamont – The Shawshank Redemption/Angola 3
      "Martin Luther King" (Intro)
      "Affirmative Action" (featuring Focus...)


      = 2011

      =
      Marsha Ambrosius – Late Nights & Early Mornings
      "Tears"
      Schoolboy Q – Setbacks
      "Light Years Ahead (Sky High)" (featuring Kendrick Lamar)
      Jay Rock – Follow Me Home
      "Bout That"
      Rapper Big Pooh – Dirty Pretty Things
      "Right With You" (featuring Focus...)
      "Real Love" (featuring Focus...)
      Outlawz – Perfect Timing
      "Keep It Lit" (featuring Yung Phat Pat)


      = 2012

      =
      50 Cent – 5 (Murder by Numbers)
      "My Crown"
      Busta Rhymes – Year of the Dragon
      "Do That Thing"
      Xzibit – Napalm
      "Killer's Remorse" (featuring Bishop Lamont, Young De, B-Real)
      Skyzoo – A Dream Deferred
      "Drew & Derwin" (featuring Raheem DeVaughn)
      TheKidJ Presents Handsonhiphop (The Street Album)
      "Love & Hip-hop" (featuring Redd Lettaz)


      = 2013

      =
      TGT – Three Kings
      "Interlude" (credited as B. Edwards Jr.)
      Slum Village – Evolution
      "Summer Breeze"
      "1 Nite" (featuring Vice)
      Terrace Martin – 3ChordFold
      "Watch U Sleep"


      = 2015

      =
      Dr. Dre – Compton
      "Intro
      "Loose Cannons" (featuring Xzibit, COLD 187 um & Sly Pyper)
      "Issues" (featuring Ice Cube, Anderson .Paak & Dem Jointz)
      "Deep Water" (featuring Kendrick Lamar, Anderson .Paak & Justus)
      "One Shot One Kill" (Jon Connor featuring Snoop Dogg)
      "Medicine Man" (featuring Eminem, Candice Pillay & Anderson .Paak)
      Wu-Tang Clan – Once Upon a Time in Shaolin
      "Hail, Snow & Earthquakes / Rainy Dayz II" (featuring Blue Raspberry)
      Ameriie – Drive
      "Every Time" (featuring Fabolous)


      = 2016

      =
      DJ Mustard Presents – Cold Summer
      "Another Summer" (featuring Rick Ross, John Legend & James Fauntleroy)
      Damian Lillard – The Letter O
      "Thank You" (featuring Marsha Ambrosius, Brookfield Duece & Danny from Sobrante)


      = 2018

      =
      Marsha Ambrosius – Nyla
      "Flood"
      "I Got It Bad" (produced with Marsha Ambrosius and Stereotypes)
      "Let Out"
      "Today" (produced with Best Kept Secret)
      "Grand Finale"


      = 2019

      =
      Little Brother – May the Lord Watch
      "Black Magic (Make It Better)"
      "Goodmorning Sunshine"
      "Work Through Me" (produced with Blaaq Gold)


      = 2020

      =
      Busta Rhymes – Extinction Level Event 2: The Wrath of God
      "Don't Go" (featuring Q-Tip)
      Eminem – Music to Be Murdered By – Side B (Deluxe edition)
      "She Loves Me"


      = 2022

      =
      Diamond D - The Rear View
      "Live My Life" (featuring Ashtin Martin)


      References




      External links


      Focus… at AllMusic
      Focus… discography at Discogs
      Focus… discography at MusicBrainz
      Focus... on Twitter

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