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- Fort Saint-Jean (Marseille)
- Fort Saint-Jean
- Fort Saint-Nicolas (Marseille)
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- Fort Saint-Jean (Marseille) - Wikipedia
- Fort Saint-Jean | Marseille Tourism
- Le Fort Saint-Jean - Office de Tourisme de Marseille
- Fort Saint-Jean (Marseille) — Wikipédia
- Visiter le Fort Saint Jean - Horaires, tarifs, prix, accès
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- The Fort Saint Jean - MarseilleTourisme.fr
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- Le Fort Saint-Jean - Marseille 13
- Fort Saint-Jean – Wikipedia
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Fort Saint-Jean (French pronunciation: [fɔʁ sɛ̃ʒɑ̃]) is a fortification in Marseille, built in 1660 by Louis XIV at the entrance to the Old Port. Since 2013, it has been linked by two foot-bridges to the historical district Le Panier and to the Museum of European and Mediterranean Civilisations; the latter being the first French national museum to be located outside Paris.
History
Fort Saint-Jean was built on a site earlier occupied by the Military Order of the Knights Hospitaller of Saint John, from which the new building derived its name. Fort Saint-Nicolas was constructed at the same time on the opposite side of the harbour. Commenting on their construction, Louis XIV said, "We noticed that the inhabitants of Marseille were extremely fond of nice fortresses. We wanted to have our own at the entrance to this great port." In fact, the two new forts were built in response to a local uprising against the governor, rather than for the defence of the city: their cannons pointed inwards towards the town, not outwards towards the sea.
Two earlier buildings were incorporated into the structure of the fort: the twelfth century Commandry of the Knights Hospitaller of St John of Jerusalem, which served as a monastic hospice during the crusades; and the fifteenth century tower of René I, King of Provence.
In April 1790, Fort Saint-Jean was seized by a revolutionary mob who decapitated the chevalier de Beausse, commander of the royal garrison, when he was captured after refusing to surrender the fortress. During the subsequent French Revolution the fort was used as a prison, holding Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, and two of his sons, Louis-Charles, Count of Beaujolais, and Antoine Philippe, Duke of Montpensier. Following the overthrow of Robespierre in 1794, about a hundred Jacobin prisoners held in the fort were massacred.
Throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries, Fort Saint-Jean was in the possession of the French Army, who utilised it as a barracks and clearing station for the Army of Africa. During the years when the French Foreign Legion was based mainly in North Africa (1830 to 1962), the fort was a final stop-off point for recruits for the Legion destined for basic training in Algeria.
During World War II Fort Saint-Jean was occupied by the German military in November 1942. In August 1944, during the liberation of Marseilles, the explosion of a munitions depot within the fort destroyed much of its historic battlements and buildings. Although returned to the French Army, Fort Saint-Jean remained in a neglected and disused state until it was passed to the Ministry of Cultural Affairs in 1960. Classified as a historical monument in 1964, the damaged portions of the fort were reconstructed between 1967 and 1971.
In 2013, the Fort Saint-Jean became part of the Museum of European and Mediterranean Civilisations (MuCEM). The major buildings comprising the complex include:
the tower of King René will be dedicated to the history of the site;
the building DRASSM will host a documentation center; and
the building Georges Henri Rivière will be reserved for temporary exhibitions.
Gallery
Notes
References
Duchêne, Roger; Contrucci, Jean (2004), Marseille, 2600 ans d'histoire, Editions Fayard, ISBN 2-213-60197-6
Jacoby, David (2007), "Hospitaller Ships and Transportation across the Mediterranean", The Hospitallers, the Mediterranean and Europe, ed. Karl Borchardt, Nikolas Jaspert and Helen J. Nicholson, Ashgate: 57–72, ISBN 978-0-7546-6275-4, a chapter on the role of Marseille in Hospitaller shipping
External links
MuCEM (Museum of Civilisations from Europe and the Mediterranean)
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
Fort Saint-Jean, Marseille
Fort Saint-Jean (Marseille) - Visitor Information & Reviews
Fort Saint-Jean (Marseille) - Visitor Information & Reviews
Fort Saint-Jean (Marseille) - Visitor Information & Reviews
Fort Saint Jean in Marseille Stock Photo - Alamy
Fort Saint-Jean - Step Inside This Historical Fort Built In 1660 By ...
Fort Saint-Jean - Step Inside This Historical Fort Built In 1660 By ...
Fort Saint-Jean - Step Inside This Historical Fort Built In 1660 By ...
Fort Saint-Jean - Step Inside This Historical Fort Built In 1660 By ...
Fort Saint Jean at Marseille, France Stock Photo - Alamy
Fort Saint Jean at Marseille, France Stock Photo - Alamy
Fort Saint Jean at Marseille, France Stock Photo - Alamy
fort saint jean marseille
Daftar Isi
Fort Saint-Jean (Marseille) - Wikipedia
Fort Saint-Jean (French pronunciation: [fɔʁ sɛ̃ʒɑ̃]) is a fortification in Marseille, built in 1660 by Louis XIV at the entrance to the Old Port.
Fort Saint-Jean | Marseille Tourism
Historically, Fort Saint-Jean is one of the emblematic symbols of Marseille. Located on the edge of the Old Port and opposite Fort Saint-Nicolas, it is part of the Mucem (Museum of European and Mediterranean Civilisations) and is one of the most visited monuments in and around Marseille.
Le Fort Saint-Jean - Office de Tourisme de Marseille
À la découverte du Fort Saint-Jean : symbole historique de la ville de Marseille au fil des siècles. Découvrez les activités touristiques et les visites
Fort Saint-Jean (Marseille) — Wikipédia
Le fort Saint-Jean est une construction militaire située à Marseille, à l'extrémité sud-ouest du vieux quartier du Panier ou de l'Hôtel de ville. Il est placé sur un éperon qui borde l'entrée du Vieux-Port en prolongement de la butte Saint-Laurent.
Visiter le Fort Saint Jean - Horaires, tarifs, prix, accès
Le Fort Saint Jean est un grand fort situé à l'entrée du Vieux Port de Marseille, face au Palais du Pharo et au fort Saint Nicolas. Ce fort historique du 2e arrondissement est aujourd'hui un symbole militaire indissociable de l'histoire de la ville de Marseille.
The forts of Marseille | Marseille Tourism
Facing Fort Saint-Nicolas, Fort Saint-Jean is now one of Marseille’s most visited monuments by tourists and locals alike, who like to stroll there to enjoy an enchanted perspective on the port and harbor. Nowadays, the fort is a cultural venue where …
The Fort Saint Jean - MarseilleTourisme.fr
Today, Fort Saint Jean is one of the most visited monuments in Marseille. It is connected to the former port by a footbridge, forming an integral part of the MuCEM (Museum of the Civilizations of Europe and the Mediterranean).
Fort Saint Jean et son point de vue magnifique
Aujourd’hui, le Fort Saint Jean est l’un des monuments de Marseille les plus visités. Il est relié à l’ancien môle portuaire par une passerelle, le tout faisant partie intégrante du MuCEM (musée des civilisations de l’Europe et de la Méditerranée).
Le Fort Saint-Jean - Marseille 13
Nov 5, 2024 · Le Fort Saint-Jean, véritable symbole de la ville de Marseille, surplombe majestueusement l’entrée du Vieux-Port. Construit à des fins défensives, il est aujourd’hui l’un des lieux emblématiques de la cité phocéenne, offrant aux visiteurs une plongée dans l’histoire et des vues spectaculaires.
Fort Saint-Jean – Wikipedia
Fort Saint-Jean ist ein Fort in Marseille, das 1660 unter Ludwig XIV. am Eingang zum Alten Hafen gebaut wurde. Seit 2013 ist es durch zwei Fußgängerbrücken mit dem historischen Viertel Le Panier und dem Museum der Zivilisationen Europas und des Mittelmeers verbunden.