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      Fourah Bay College is a public university in the neighbourhood of Mount Aureol in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Founded on 18 February 1827, it is the first western-style university built in Sub-Saharan Africa and, furthermore, the first university-level institution in Africa. It is a constituent college of the University of Sierra Leone (USL) and was formerly affiliated with Durham University (1876–1967).


      History




      = Foundation

      =
      The college was established in February 1827 as an Anglican missionary school by the Church Missionary Society with support from Charles MacCarthy, the governor of Sierra Leone. Samuel Ajayi Crowther was the first student to be enrolled at Fourah Bay. Fourah Bay College soon became a magnet for Sierra Leone Creoles and other Africans seeking higher education in British West Africa. These included Nigerians, Ghanaians, Ivorians and many more, especially in the fields of theology and education. It was the first western-style university in West Africa. Under colonialism, Freetown was known as the "Athens of Africa" due to the large number of excellent schools in Freetown and surrounding areas.
      The first black principal of the university was an African-American missionary, Reverend Edward Jones from South Carolina, United States. Lamina Sankoh was a prominent early academic; Francis Heiser was principal from 1920 to 1922. Davidson Nicol was the first Sierra Leonean principal in 1966. In 1985 unrest broke out in Fourah Bay College following a purge of those suspected of militancy inspired by Gaddafi's Green Book, and retaliatory violence and arrests ensued.


      = Old Fourah Bay College Building

      =

      Governor William Fergusson laid the foundation stone of the original Fourah Bay College building when construction started in 1845, with construction supervised by Edward Jones, who became the institution's first principal. The original Fourah Bay College building remained in regular use until World War II when the college was temporarily moved outside Freetown. After the war it became the headquarters of Sierra Leone Government Railway and later as a Magistrate court. The building was proclaimed a National Monument in 1955. The building ceased to be in use in early 1990, and caught fire in 1999.


      Administration




      = Faculties

      =
      Faculty of Arts
      Faculty of Engineering
      Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences
      Faculty of Social Sciences
      Faculty of Law
      Faculty of Applied Accounting


      = Institutes

      =


      = Institute of Adult Education and Extra-Mural Studies

      =


      = Institute of African Studies

      =
      Work began on the building of the Institute of African Studies in 1966 with half the £40,000 being provided by the UK Technical Assistance Programme. The first director was Michael Crowder with J. G. Edowu-Hyde as secretary. The journal Sierra Leone Studies was also relaunched at this time.


      = Institute of Marine Biology and Oceanography

      =


      = Institute of Population Studies

      =


      = Institute of Library, Information and Communication Studies

      =


      Students


      As of 1998/1999, the student enrollment was around 2,000 in four faculties and five institutes. It had consistently expanded in the 10 previous years.


      = Notable alumni

      =
      See also Category:Fourah Bay College alumni

      Samuel Ajayi Crowther, one-time Anglican bishop of West Africa and first graduate of Fourah Bay College
      Lati Hyde-Forster, first African principal of Annie Walsh Memorial School and first female graduate of Fourah Bay College
      Sir Ernest Dunstan Morgan, pharmaceutical entrepreneur and philanthropist
      Sir Samuel Bankole-Jones (1911– 1981), former chief justice and first Sierra Leonean president of the Court of Appeal
      Sir Salako Benka-Coker (1900–1965), first Sierra Leonean chief justice of the Supreme Court
      Sir Ernest Beoku-Betts (1895–1957), jurist and one-time mayor of Freetown
      Sir Henry Lightfoot Boston (1898–1969), first African Governor-General of Sierra Leone
      Sir Samuel Lewis (1843–1903), first mayor of Freetown and first West African to receive a knighthood
      Sir Emile Fashole-Luke (1895–1980), former chief justice and Speaker of Parliament
      Yvonne Aki-Sawyerr, economist and current mayor of Freetown
      Thomas Decker, writer, poet, journalist, and linguist
      Henry Rawlingson Carr, educator and administrator
      Christian Frederick Cole, first black graduate of Oxford and first African barrister to practice in the English courts
      Enid Ayodele Forde (born 1932), geospatial analyst, chair of the geography department at Fourah Bay College and first Sierra Leonean woman to gain a PhD
      Harry Alphonso Sawyerr (1909–1986), writer and Anglican theologian
      Hillary Sao Kanu, commissioner of Police of the African Union Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS)
      Ade Renner Thomas (born 1945), barrister and one-time Chief Justice of Sierra Leone
      Michael Adekunle Ajasin
      Edward Fasholé-Luke (born 1934) academic and Anglican theologian
      David Omashola Carew, economist and former cabinet minister
      Victor Chukuma Johnson (1944–2012), former chairman and deputy leader of the All People's Congress
      Robert Wellesley Cole, general surgeon and first West African to become a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons
      Henry Olufemi Macauley (born 1962), businessman with expertise in the oil industries and former minister of energy
      Violet Showers Johnson, professor of history and director of Africana studies at Texas A&M University
      Clifford Nelson Fyle, academic and author, known for writing the lyrics to the Sierra Leone National Anthem
      Thomas Josiah Thompson (1867–1941), lawyer, one-time mayor of Freetown and newspaper proprietor.
      Gershon Beresford Collier (1927–1994), former chief justice of Sierra Leone, educator and diplomat
      Samuel Benjamin Thomas (1833– 1901), philanthropist, entrepreneur and one of the richest men in 19th-century Africa.
      Sam Franklyn Gibson, former mayor of Freetown.
      Kelvin Anderson
      J. E. Casely Hayford
      Africanus Horton, surgeon, scientist and political thinker who worked towards African independence a century before it occurred
      Thomas Horatio Jackson
      Desmond Finney, actor and nominee for the Zafaa Global Film Awards
      James Ayodele Jenkins-Johnston, barrister and human rights defender
      Edward Wilmot Blyden III (1918–2010), political scientist and former dean at Fourah Bay College
      Abel Bankole Stronge, lawyer and one-time Speaker of the Parliament of Sierra Leone
      John Bankole Thompson (1936–2021), jurist, judge and academic
      Akintola Gustavus Wyse (died 2002), author and professor of history at Fourah Bay College
      Moses Nathanael Scott (1911–1988), clergyman and Anglican Bishop of Sierra Leone who later became Archbishop of the Province of West Africa
      Obadiah Johnson
      Kenneth Dike, vice-chancellor of the University of Ibadan
      Thomas Sylvester Johnson (1873–1955), educator, theologian and former bishop of Sierra Leone
      Eldred Durosimi Jones (1925–2020), linguist, literary critic, university professor and principal of Fourah Bay College
      Arthur Daniel Porter III (1924–2019), author, professor of history and university administrator
      Alexander Babatunde Akinyele
      Zainab Bangura
      Kojo Botsio
      J. B. Dauda, foreign minister
      M. G. Ejaife
      David J. Francis
      Ibrahim Fofanah, Footballer
      Ella Koblo Gulama
      Abu Bakarr Kanu, Professor of Chemistry at the Winston-Salem State University
      John Karefa-Smart
      Fatou Sanyang Kinteh
      Ernest Bai Koroma, President of Sierra Leone
      Sia Koroma, first lady
      Tamba Lamina, Sierra Leonean cabinet minister
      Sir Milton Margai
      Sam Mbakwe
      Benjamin Quartey-Papafio
      Frederick Poku Sarkodee, one of the three Ghanaian High Court judges that were martyred on June 30, 1982.
      Kadi Sesay
      Shekou Touray, Permanent Representative of Sierra Leone to the United Nations


      References




      External links


      Media related to Fourah Bay College at Wikimedia Commons
      Official Fourah Bay College website
      Fourah Bay College history
      Urhobo Historical Society. Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine

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