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      Framework Computer, Inc. is an American laptop computer manufacturer. The company positions itself as a proponent of the right-to-repair movement, and their laptops are designed to be easy to disassemble, with replaceable parts.


      History


      In January 2020, the company was founded by Nirav Patel, who was the original Head of Hardware at Oculus. In the first half of 2021, Framework was funded with a $9 million seed round. YouTuber Linus Sebastian invested $225,000 in the company in September, 2021 after having previously commended the 11th Gen Intel Framework Laptop 13.
      In January 2022, the company raised an additional $18 million of financing in a series A round, led by Spark Capital.
      In April 2024, the company raised an additional $17 million of financing in a series A-1 round, led by Spark Capital, with Buckley Ventures, Anzu Partners, Cooler Master, and Pathbreaker Ventures. In addition to the $17 million, the company is opening up $1 million to equity crowdfunding through $10,000 investments. The company announced its expansion into other areas of consumer electronics with this round.


      Products


      Framework works with an original design manufacturing (ODM) partner Compal Electronics to build its products.


      = Framework Laptop 13

      =

      In July 2021, Framework began fulfillment of their first product, the Framework Laptop (retroactively the Framework Laptop 13), with an 11th Gen Intel Core i5 or i7 chip to the US and Canada. In December 2021, Framework opened pre-orders to the UK, Germany and France. In February 2022, pre-ordering became available for Ireland, Austria and The Netherlands. The Framework Laptop received a 10 out of 10 in iFixit's repairability score. The standard Framework Laptop ships as a fully assembled laptop, while the Framework Laptop DIY Edition ships with the RAM, storage, operating system, and in 11th Gen, the WiFi module uninstalled. All of these modules can be ordered with the DIY edition for an additional fee, or left out and purchased separately.
      In May 2022, the company launched their second generation Framework Laptop with a 12th Gen Intel Core i5 or i7 chip that ships with an upgraded back panel, alongside their 12 Gen Upgrade Kit, to allow 11th Gen users to upgrade their laptops. In September 2022, pre-ordering became available for Australia.
      In September 2022, the company launched a Chromebook edition based on their 12th Gen Intel model for $999. Unlike the standard laptop, the Chromebook's specification is fixed to an i5-1240P, 8 GB of RAM, and a 256 GB SSD, but it retains the same upgradability as the standard laptop. Framework claims that the Chromebook edition has upgraded speakers and batteries compared to the standard laptop, but the speakers were described as "muffled" by ZDnet and the battery life was rated as quite poor for a Chromebook by ZDnet, Engadget, and PCMag. The Chromebook was also criticized for its price.
      In March 2023, a third-generation laptop was announced, featuring 13th Gen Intel Core and Ryzen 7040 processors. The designation of Framework Laptop 13 was adopted to distinguish it from the concurrently announced Framework Laptop 16. During this same event, Framework announced a higher capacity 61 Wh battery, a matte display option, and a Cooler Master case to house Framework motherboards. The initial shipments of the AMD-based Framework laptops were delayed due to electrical and firmware related issues.
      In May 2024, a fourth-generation Intel laptop was announced, featuring an Intel Core Ultra Series 1 processor.


      Motherboard


      In April 2022, the company partly open-sourced their motherboard with CAD and electrical documentation being available in their marketplace, giving away 100 motherboards to makers and developers.
      There is an issue with the first generation motherboards with 11th Gen Intel Core CPUs, that requires complete removal and reconnection of both the main battery and the RTC coin cell battery, if the laptop is not charged for a relatively short period of time. The company said that this issue is caused by the 11th Gen Intel Core silicon bug, and that they would work to swap out a replacement RTC coin cell battery or 11th Gen motherboard for the people facing the issue.


      Firmware


      Framework Laptop 13 uses proprietary UEFI firmware, InsydeH2O by Insyde Software, and an open-source embedded controller (EC) firmware based on CrOS EC by Framework. In April 2021, the company mentioned that open-source firmware was well-aligned to their mission. In January 2022, the company open-sourced their EC firmware. The company modifies the UEFI source code they bought from Insyde Software to meet their specific firmware needs. The company supports Linux Vendor Firmware Service (LVFS) to update the firmware. Framework Laptop Chromebook Edition uses an open source firmware, coreboot.
      In April 2024, it was described that the company has struggled with the other side of computing longevity and sustainability: providing up-to-date software. After that, the company published a blog article about software longevity, saying, "We recognize that we have fallen short of where we need to be on software updates, and we are making the needed investments to resolve this."


      Battery life


      The initial 55 Wh battery in the original Intel 11th Gen CPU Model has been described as middling. This feedback was addressed with the release of a 61 Wh battery, available as an option in the 2023 edition of the laptop. An Ars Technica review found that the battery life of the 13th Gen Intel motherboard was significantly improved over prior designs, gaining a 40% uplift in PCMark's battery test but remaining mostly the same when running Handbrake, despite the reviewer testing battery life with the 55 Wh battery from their previous machine; with an upgrade to the 61 Wh battery, the runtime improved by another 13%.
      The AMD Ryzen 7040U series option also showed additional battery life, better performance, less heat, and lower fan noise when idle, leading some to suggest that it rendered Intel models obselete.
      The battery drains even in a complete shut down state within UEFI version 3.07 or earlier with the 11th Intel Core motherboard, later fixed in UEFI unofficial version 3.08.


      Technical specifications


      As most components in Framework products are designed to be reconfigurable, this table lists stock specifications available at the time of purchase.


      = Framework Laptop 16

      =
      Framework Laptop 16 is a larger laptop unveiled at the promotional Next Level keynote in March 2023. It has been dubbed the "holy grail" of upgradeable laptops for engineers and gamers due to the new expansion bay that can attach PCIe components, such as a dedicated GPU, as well as adapt the laptop's cooling system.


      Firmware


      Framework Laptop 16 uses proprietary UEFI firmware by Insyde Software.


      Technical specifications


      As most components in Framework products are designed to be reconfigurable, this table lists stock specifications available at the time of purchase.


      = Expansion cards

      =

      A core feature of the Framework laptop is the expansion card system that provides the primary input/output for the laptop. In its base form, the laptop is equipped with recessed slots containing USB-C ports that can be used directly. These slots can be attached with an assortment of interchangeable cards that add features such as USB-C (passthrough), USB-A, DisplayPort 1.4, HDMI 2.0b, MicroSD, 2.5-gigabit Ethernet, and 3.5 mm headphone jack, as well as form-fitting solid state storage (up to 1 TB per slot). The Framework Laptop 13 can accommodate four expansion cards, and the larger Framework Laptop 16 accommodates six. The company launched the Expansion Card Developer Program to open card development to the public, releasing documentation, CAD templates, and reference designs for expansion cards—all under open source licenses.


      USB-C


      The capabilities of the USB-C expansion card are contingent on the mainboard, as it "passes through the supported protocols on the processor directly." On Intel platforms, the expansion card enables Thunderbolt 4/USB 4, 20 V/5 A charging, and DisplayPort Alt Mode. On AMD Ryzen platforms, the capabilities vary depending on the slot the USB-C expansion card occupies:


      = Framework Laptop 13 (with AMD Ryzen 7040U)

      =
      Two USB4 ports supporting data, DisplayPort Alt Mode, and USB-C PD 3.1 (back two ports).
      One USB-C 3.2 port supporting data, DisplayPort Alt Mode, and USB-C PD 3.1 (front left port, with laptop upside down).
      One USB-C 3.2 port supporting data and USB-C PD 3.1 (front right port, with laptop upside down).


      = Framework Laptop 16 (with AMD Ryzen 7040HS)

      =
      Two USB4 ports supporting data, DisplayPort Alt Mode, and USB-C PD 3.1. (Back two ports)
      One USB-C 3.2 port supporting data, DisplayPort Alt Mode, and USB-C PD 3.1 (middle left port).
      One USB-C 3.2 port supporting data and USB-C PD 3.1 (middle right port).
      Two USB-C 3.2 ports supporting data only (front two ports).


      Marketplace


      The Framework Marketplace is an online store service hosted on the Framework website that primarily sells parts and tools that can be used to upgrade and repair the Framework Laptop. These include, but are not limited to, replacement motherboards, batteries, entire screen assemblies, RAM, and storage drives. The Marketplace also sells customization parts, including screen bezels, keyboard layouts, and expansion cards. In addition to computer-related items, the Marketplace also includes merchandise.


      Logistics


      Framework works with a logistics partner Dimerco to distribute its products. A logistics staffer mentioned Dimerco managing a complex e-commerce fulfillment process of Framework's highly customizable products from Taiwan.


      Third party projects



      Third-party companies and individuals make projects in a Framework ecosystem.


      = Decoration

      =
      Framework Laptop skins & wraps
      Screen protector film
      Arts & wallpapers


      = Parts management

      =
      Module frame
      Parts tray
      Motherboard case


      = Expansion card

      =
      Magnetic charger expansion card
      Scroll wheels expansion card
      UART expansion card
      Solokeys Solo V2 expansion card


      Hardware using expansion card


      Box, a hardware for cloud storage alternative that uses Framework Expansion Cards


      = Motherboard

      =
      DC-ROMA RISC-V Mainboard, a RISC-V CPU architecture motherboard


      = Motherboard-based

      =
      CJ64, a cyberdeck-like keyboard PC that repurposes the Framework Laptop's motherboard
      Mainboard Terminal, a retro-style round display PC that uses the Framework Laptop's motherboard
      Framedeck, a Framework-motherboard-based cyberdeck with clear acrylic and brass, influenced by TRS-80 Model 100.
      A tablet that uses Framework parts including the motherboard
      Framework-Tablet, a 3D printable tablet case
      FrameStation, a modern game console case for the Framework motherboard
      Framework Desktop Case Adapter, a 3D-printable mount to adapt a Framework motherboard to ATX and MicroATX motherboards and cases
      Framework Test Bench, a test and development bench for Framework motherboard
      An aluminum 3D-printed motherboard case
      Framework-AIO, a 3D-printable case that converts Framework Laptop into an all-in-one-style desktop computer.
      DIY Triple Screen Laptop, a portable ergonomics computer with three screens (one panel, and two iPad Retina displays).


      = Display

      =
      Glider, a 60 fps E-ink replacement display


      = Firmware

      =
      Coreboot. In May 2024, the coreboot project released coreboot version 24.05 which supported Framework Laptop 13 AMD Ryzen 7040. It was an experimental coreboot port being worked on by several AMD firmware engineers and stakeholders as an unofficial project.


      = Software

      =
      Embedded Controller Modifications, an EC tool that changes the colors of LEDs and the keyboard layout on the firmware level, plus a suite of tools for talking to and manipulating the EC


      = Others

      =
      Framework input cover controller
      Adjustable laptop stand


      Product support



      The company provides knowledge base articles, a community forum, QR codes on the products and parts, and an inquiry form. The company's customer support is controversial. It has both positive reviews that they are transparent, honest, and customer-focused and negative reviews that they close the door.


      = Supported countries and regions

      =
      Framework Laptop is currently available for order in the United States, Canada, European Union, United Kingdom, Australia and Taiwan.
      In December 2021, the company announced that they chose the additional supported countries UK, Germany, and France based on both the number of people who registered interest through the region selection page and on logistical complexity. In February 2022, pre-ordering became available for Ireland, Austria, and the Netherlands. Pre-orders also opened in Australia in September 2022, with shipments arriving from October.
      Framework does not support customers outside its supported regions, and does not endorse or support imported products.


      = Linux

      =
      In December 2021, the company released a statement asking users who are not using Ubuntu 21.04.3+ or Fedora 35 to troubleshoot with Framework's Linux community instead of contacting Framework support as no other Linux distribution has been verified by the company for hardware compatibility, mentioning that the company could troubleshoot general product usage issues on a supported OS, but could not troubleshoot OS-related issues not related to the product functionality. In April 2022, the company announced their Linux compatibility page. In a July 2024 interview, a Linux support staffer mentioned, "My job is to identify the most likely distributions that we want to focus on providing support for efficiently and also then looking to outreach with community-based support as well … and actually beginning to build those bridges."
      The Ryzen-based Framework laptop had some initial issues with Linux support, but were later fixed with a firmware update delivered through LVFS.


      = BSD operating systems

      =
      In June 2022, the FreeBSD Foundation announced their work to ensure that the experience running FreeBSD on the Framework Laptop matches the stability that FreeBSD users expect.


      Philosophy and recognition




      = Electronics right-to-repair movement

      =

      In June 2021, a venture capitalist investing in the company said "The conventional wisdom in the industry is that making products repairable makes them thicker, heavier, uglier, less robust, and more expensive. We're here to prove that wrong and fix consumer electronics, one category at a time". In October 2021 interviews, the company said "The core problem is the idea that consumer electronics are disposable," and "Right to repair is incredibly important. It is actually a core part of what we are doing. Because increasingly products are not designed to be repaired."
      Framework Laptop was on display as part of the Waste Age: What can Design Do? exhibition displayed at the Design Museum in London from October 2021 to February 2022.
      The company's founder Nirav Patel appeared as a former employee of Apple in the Netflix original film Buy Now: The Shopping Conspiracy featuring shopping and waste, which was released in November 2024 ahead of Black Friday by Grain Media. He stated, "As soon as your business model starts to revolve around that replacement cycle, the object being replaced in a while instead of being something that can last longer, it becomes extremely difficult to reverse and go back".


      = Reception

      =
      In November 2021, Time magazine listed the Framework Laptop on their list of the 100 Best Inventions of 2021. In March 2022, Fast Company listed the Framework Laptop on their list of the Most Innovative Companies of 2022. In October 2023, Time magazine listed the Framework Laptop 16 on their list of the 200 Best Inventions of 2023.


      See also



      Ethical consumerism
      Fairphone
      Shiftphone
      Social enterprise
      System76
      Purism
      Pine64


      References




      External links


      Official website
      Framework Laptop, at the Arch Linux wiki site
      Framework Laptop, at the Gentoo Linux wiki site
      Framework Laptop, at the FreeBSD wiki site

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