ghazan

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    Mahmud Ghazan (1271– 11 Mei 1304) (bahasa Mongol: Газан хаан, kadang-kadang disebut sebagai Casanus oleh orang Barat) adalah penguasa ketujuh divisi Ilkhanat Kekaisaran Mongol di Iran saat ini dari tahun 1295 sampai 1304. Dia adalah putra Arghun dan Quthluq Khatun, melanjutkan deretan panjang para penguasa yang merupakan keturunan langsung Jenghis Khan.
    Dianggap sebagai yang paling menonjol dari para tokoh Ilkhan, dia terkenal karena secara politis melakukan pengalihan agama ke Islam pada tahun 1295 ketika naik takhta, menandai titik balik bagi agama dominan orang-orang Mongol di Asia Barat (Iran, Irak, Anatolia, dan Trans-Kaukasia). Istri utamanya adalah Kököchin, seorang putri Mongol (awalnya bertunangan dengan ayah Ghazan, Arghun sebelum kematiannya) yang dikirim oleh Khagan-nya, Kublai Khan.
    Konflik militer selama masa pemerintahan Ghazan termasuk perang dengan Mamluk Mesir untuk menguasai Suriah, dan pertempuran dengan Kekhanan Chagatai Turko-Mongol. Ghazan juga berusaha keras menjalin kontak diplomatik dengan Eropa, melanjutkan upaya para pendahulunya yang gagal dalam membentuk persekutuan Franka-Mongol. Sebagai seorang pria dengan budaya tinggi, Ghazan menguasai berbagai bahasa, memiliki banyak hobi, dan mereformasi banyak elemen Ilkhanat, terutama dalam hal standardisasi mata uang dan kebijakan fiskal.


    Genealogi


    Jenghis Khan
    Tolui
    Hulagu Khan
    Abaqa
    Arghun
    Ghazan


    Catatan




    Referensi



    Adh-Dhababi, Record of the Destruction of Damascus by the Mongols in 1299–1301 Translated by Joseph Somogyi. From: Ignace Goldziher Memorial Volume, Part 1, Online (English translation).
    Amitai, Reuven (1987). "Mongol Raids into Palestine (AD 1260 and 1300)". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society: 236–255.
    Barber, Malcolm (2001). The Trial of the Templars (edisi ke-2nd). University Press, Cambridge. ISBN 978-0-521-67236-8.
    Encyclopædia Iranica, Article on Franco-Persian relations
    Foltz, Richard, Religions of the Silk Road, Palgrave Macmillan, 2nd edition, 2010 ISBN 978-0-230-62125-1
    Demurger, Alain (2007). Jacques de Molay (dalam bahasa French). Editions Payot&Rivages. ISBN 2-228-90235-7. Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (link)
    Jackson, Peter (2005). The Mongols and the West: 1221–1410. Longman. ISBN 978-0-582-36896-5.
    Michaud, Yahia (Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies) (2002). Ibn Taymiyya, Textes Spirituels I-XVI (PDF) (dalam bahasa French). "Le Musulman", Oxford-Le Chebec. Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2023-03-26. Diakses tanggal 2019-01-21. Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (link)
    Nicolle, David (2001). The Crusades. Essential Histories. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84176-179-4.
    Richard, Jean (1996). Histoire des Croisades. Fayard. ISBN 2-213-59787-1.
    Runciman, Steven (1987 (first published in 1952–1954)). A history of the Crusades 3. Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-013705-7.
    Schein, Sylvia (October 1979). "Gesta Dei per Mongolos 1300. The Genesis of a Non-Event". The English Historical Review. 94 (373): 805–819. doi:10.1093/ehr/XCIV.CCCLXXIII.805. JSTOR 565554.
    Roux, Jean-Paul (1993). Histoire de l'Empire Mongol (dalam bahasa French). Fayard. ISBN 2-213-03164-9. Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (link)

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ghazan

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Ghazan (Lok) vs. Toph (Atla) - Battles - Comic Vine

Ghazan is a better earth bender by what little we've seen, the guy was locked down for 13 years because of his skill, that's more of what we can say from toph @BoringPerson.

Avatar Respect Thread: Zaheer and Ghazan - Comic Vine

Ghazan is the earthbending master of the Red Lotus, and a master lavabender. In fact, he essentially invented it (some avatars did it before him, but they bent pre-existing lava, rather …

Ghazan vs King Bumi - Battles - Comic Vine

Bumi wrecks him. IMO he's the best single element bender in the verse (except hax bloodbenders), and outclasses Ghazan in well, everything. Lavabending is a hard counter to …

Ghazan & Ming Hua Vs Toph Beifong - Battles - Comic Vine

Apr 9, 2023 · Ghazan's a bit too slow for her. If Ming manages to become a good enough distraction for some time by harassing Toph, he will cause her a lot of problems and she will …

Mako vs Ghazan (Avatar: The legend of Korra) - Comic Vine

Aug 30, 2021 · Mako is End of Series version, Ghazan is End of book 3 version (before his death), Morals are off, win by any means. Round 1: No Sub-elements allowed Round 2 : Sub …

Toph vs Ghazan and Kuvira - Battles - Comic Vine

Mar 31, 2023 · Toph would confidently defeat Ghazan and beat Kuvira for a majority, but her problem with this fight is that she can’t shutdown Ghazan early with Kuvira running …

Ming Hua, Toph vs Katara, Ghazan - Battles - Comic Vine

Anytime Ghazan and MIng Hua tagged team the brothers, Ghazan was always the hardest shell to crack. He is the better bender between the two in general circumstances due to how …

(Avatar Rematch) - Zuko Vs Ghazan - Battles - Comic Vine

Overall, Ghazan stomps Round 1 and Round 2 could go either way, 50/50, maybe 55/45 in Ghazan's favor. If we were using kemurikage Azula with Sozin's Comet against Ghazan, ...

A: TLA / LoK: Korra (air) vs Ghazan - Battles - Comic Vine

Jul 12, 2019 · Ghazan is a very offensive bender, he will try to quickly turn the playing field to lava. Since they are in a city street, that means buildings and lots of destruction happening all around.

Tonraq vs Ghazan - Battles - Comic Vine

Eh, round 1 seems to be skewed in Tonraq's favor, Ghazan should take round 2. Tonraq was simply used as a stepping stone to demonstrate the abilities and threat level of other …