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- Herod Agrippa II - Wikipedia
- Herod Agrippa II | Jewish ruler, Roman client king, tetrarch
- Who was Herod Agrippa II? - GotQuestions.org
- Herod the Great and the Herodian Family Tree - Biblical …
- Agrippa II - New World Encyclopedia
- Agrippa II: An Archaeological Biography - Bible Archaeology Report
- Herod Agrippa - Wikipedia
- AGRIPPA II - JewishEncyclopedia.com
- Agrippa II - Jewish Virtual Library
- Who was King Agrippa in the Bible? - Compelling Truth
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Herod Agrippa II (Hebrew: אגריפס; AD 27/28 – c. 92 or 100), officially named Marcus Julius Agrippa and sometimes shortened to Agrippa, was the last ruler from the Herodian dynasty, reigning over territories outside of Judea as a Roman client. Agrippa II fled Jerusalem in 66, fearing the Jewish uprising, and he supported the Roman side in the First Jewish–Roman War.
Early life
Herod Agrippa II was the son of the first and better-known Herod Agrippa and the brother of Berenice, Mariamne, and Drusilla (second wife of the Roman procurator Antonius Felix). He was educated at the court of the emperor Claudius, and at the time of his father's death he was 17 years old. Claudius therefore kept him at Rome and sent Cuspius Fadus as procurator of the Roman province of Judaea. While at Rome, he voiced his support for the Jews to Claudius and against the Samaritans and the procurator of Iudaea Province, Ventidius Cumanus, who was thought to have been the cause of some disturbances there.
Rise in power
On the death of king Herod of Chalcis in 48, his small Syrian realm of Chalcis was given to Agrippa, with the right of superintending the Temple in Jerusalem and appointing its high priest, but only as a tetrarch.
In 53, Agrippa was forced to give up the tetrarchy of Chalcis, but in exchange Claudius made him ruler with the title of king over the territories previously governed by Philip—Iturea, Trachonitis, Batanea, Gaulanitis, Auranitis and Paneas—as well as the kingdom of Lysanias in Abila. The tetrarchy of Chalcis was subsequently in 57 given to his cousin Aristobulus (Acts 25:13; 26:2,7). Agrippa celebrated by marrying off his two sisters Mariamne and Drusilla. Josephus, the Jewish historian, repeats the gossip that Agrippa lived in an incestuous relationship with his sister Berenice.
In 55, the Emperor Nero added to Agrippa's realm the cities of Tiberias and Taricheae in Galilee, and Livias (Iulias), with 14 villages near it, in Peraea. It was before Agrippa and Berenice that, according to the New Testament, Paul the Apostle pleaded his case at Caesarea Maritima, probably in 59 or 60 (Acts 26).
Agrippa expended large sums in beautifying Jerusalem and other cities, especially Berytus (ancient Beirut), a Hellenised city in Phoenicia. His partiality for the latter rendered him unpopular amongst his own subjects, and the capricious manner in which he appointed and deposed the high priests made him disliked by the Jews.
Jewish–Roman War
In the 17th year of Agrippa's reign (corresponding with the 12th year of Nero's reign, or 65/66 AD), Agrippa tried desperately to avert a war with Rome, when he saw his countrymen generally disposed to fight against Rome because of insults and abuses they had been facing under the Roman procurator, Gessius Florus. At this time, they had broken off the cloisters leading from Antonia Fortress to the Temple Mount where Roman soldiers went to keep guard during the Jewish holidays, and they refused to pay the due tribute to Rome. Agrippa convened the people and urged them to tolerate the temporary injustices done to them and submit themselves to Roman hegemony. At length, Agrippa failed to prevent his subjects from rebelling, whereas, during a certain holiday when the Roman governor of Syria, Cestius Gallus, had passed through Judea to quell the rebellion, he was routed by Jewish forces. By 66 the citizenry of Jerusalem expelled Agrippa and Berenice from Jerusalem.
During the First Jewish–Roman War of 66–73, he sent 2,000 men, archers and cavalry, to support Roman general Vespasian, showing that, although a Jew, he was entirely devoted to the Roman Empire. He accompanied Vespasian's son Titus on part of his campaigns against the rebels and was wounded at the siege of Gamla. After the capture of Jerusalem, he went with Berenice to Rome, where he was invested with the dignity of praetor and rewarded with additional territory.
= Relations with Josephus
=Agrippa had a great intimacy with the historian Josephus, having supplied him with information for his history, Antiquities of the Jews. Josephus preserved two of the letters he received from him.
Death
According to the patriarch Photius I of Constantinople, Agrippa died childless at age 70, in the third year of the reign of Trajan, that is, 100, but statements of Josephus, in addition to the contemporary epigraphy from his kingdom, cast this date into serious doubt. The modern scholarly consensus holds that he died before 93/94. He was the last ruler from the House of Herod.
Ancestry
Family tree
See also
Herodian kingdom
List of Hasmonean and Herodian rulers
Notes
References
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1870). "Agrippa, Herodes II". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Easton, Matthew George (1897). "Agrippa II". Easton's Bible Dictionary (New and revised ed.). T. Nelson and Sons.
Yohanan Aharoni & Michael Avi-Yonah, "The MacMillan Bible Atlas", Revised Edition, p. 156 (1968 & 1977 by Carta Ltd.).
Further reading
Jacobson, David (2021). Agrippa II: the Last of the Herods. Routledge. ISBN 9781032091785.
External links
Jewish Encyclopedia: Agrippa II
Agrippa II – Article in historical sourcebook by Mahlon H. Smith
Livius.org: Herod Agrippa II
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Herod Agrippa II - Wikipedia
Herod Agrippa II (Hebrew: אגריפס; AD 27/28 [1] – c. 92 or 100 [1] [2]), officially named Marcus Julius Agrippa and sometimes shortened to Agrippa, was the last ruler from the Herodian dynasty, reigning over territories outside of Judea as a Roman client.
Herod Agrippa II | Jewish ruler, Roman client king, tetrarch
Jan 1, 2025 · Herod Agrippa II (born 27 ce —died c. 93) was the king of Chalcis in southern Lebanon from 50 ce and tetrarch of Batanaea and Trachonitis in south Syria from 53 ce, who unsuccessfully mediated with the rebels in the First Jewish Revolt (66–70 ce).
Who was Herod Agrippa II? - GotQuestions.org
Jan 4, 2022 · Herod Agrippa II is the one who heard Paul’s defense of the gospel and famously rejected Paul’s appeal to be saved. The godfather of the Herod clan was Herod the Great, the king when Jesus was born and one who tried to have Him killed (Matthew 2).
Herod the Great and the Herodian Family Tree - Biblical …
Sep 21, 2024 · King Herod Agrippa I (r. 37–44 C.E.) executed James the son of Zebedee and imprisoned Peter before his miraculous escape. Berenice , twice widowed, left her third husband to be with brother Agrippa II (rumored lover) and was with him at Festus’s trial of Paul .
Agrippa II - New World Encyclopedia
Agrippa II was the last in the royal line that began with Herod the Great, the Jewish-Idumean leader who became a major client-king for the Romans and was famous both for his massive building projects and his utter ruthlessness.
Agrippa II: An Archaeological Biography - Bible Archaeology Report
Feb 7, 2020 · Herod Agrippa II (king of Chalcis, later Tetrarch of Batanaea and Trachonitis, ca. AD 50-93) – Agrippa II, the great-grandson of Herod the Great, was the ruler before whom the Apostle Paul made his defense in Acts 25-26.
Herod Agrippa - Wikipedia
Herod Agrippa (Roman name Marcus Julius Agrippa; c. 11 BC – c. AD 44), also known as Agrippa I (Hebrew: אגריפס) or Agrippa the Great, was the last king of Judea. He was a grandson of Herod the Great and the father of Herod Agrippa II, the last known king from the Herodian dynasty.
AGRIPPA II - JewishEncyclopedia.com
AGRIPPA II. (or in full MARCUS JULIUS AGRIPPA; known also as Herod Agrippa II.): Succeeds Herod II. Coins of Agrippa. Joins the Romans. Character. Son of Agrippa I. He was born in the year 28, and according to a statement that is not uncontradicted (Photius, "Bibliotheca," cod. 33), it is said that he died in the year 100.
Agrippa II - Jewish Virtual Library
AGRIPPA II (Marcus Julius or Herod Agrippa II; 28–92 C.E.), last king of the Herodian line; son of Agrippa I. Like his father he was educated in Rome and he was there when he learnt of his father's death. The emperor Claudius refused to let him succeed on account of his youth.
Who was King Agrippa in the Bible? - Compelling Truth
King Herod Agrippa I, the grandson of Herod the Great, ruled over Judea and Samaria, persecuted Christians, and was struck down by an angel for his pride (Acts 12). His son, King Herod Agrippa II, had significant religious authority and heard the …