- Source: Hypobromite
- Hypobromite
- Sodium hypobromite
- Silver hypobromite
- Hypobromous acid
- Bromine oxide
- Bromide
- Bromate
- Bromine
- Nicotinamide
- BrO
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The hypobromite ion, also called alkaline bromine water, is BrO−. Bromine is in the +1 oxidation state. The Br–O bond length is 1.82 Å. Hypobromite is the bromine compound analogous to hypochlorites found in common bleaches, and in immune cells. In many ways, hypobromite functions in the same manner as hypochlorite, and is also used as a germicide and antiparasitic in both industrial applications, and in the immune system.
Preparation
Hypobromite salts form upon treating bromine with aqueous alkali, such as sodium or potassium hydroxide. At 20 °C the reaction is rapid.
Br2 + 2 OH−(aq) → Br− + BrO− + H2O
In this reaction the bromine disproportionates (some undergoes reduction and some oxidation) from oxidation state 0 (Br2) to oxidation state −1 (Br−) and oxidation state +1 (BrO−). Sodium hypobromite can be isolated as an orange solid.
A secondary reaction, where hypobromite spontaneously disproportionates to bromide (bromine oxidation state −1) and bromate (bromine oxidation state +5) takes place rapidly at 20 °C and slowly at 0 °C.
3 BrO− → 2 Br− + BrO−3
Hence, in reaction 2, the formation and proportions of the −1, +1 and +5 bromine oxidation state products can be controlled by temperature. Hypobromite is not thermodynamically stable at any pH (see Pourbaix diagram for bromine at http://www.eosremediation.com/download/Chemistry/Chemical%20Properties/Eh_pH_Diagrams.pdf ), but it is kinetically locked toward a further disproportion into bromate and bromide above the pKa of HBrO.
These reactions of bromine are analogous to those of chlorine forming hypochlorite and chlorate. The corresponding chlorine reaction 1 (to form ClO−) is fast at 20 °C and reaction 2 (to form ClO−3) is slow at 20 °C and fast at 70 °C.
Compounds
A hypobromite is a compound that contains this anion. Examples include sodium hypobromite and potassium hypobromite.
In nature and industry
Bromide from the diet, naturally present in the blood, is used by eosinophils, white blood cells of the granulocyte class, specialized for dealing with multi-cellular parasites. These cells react the bromide with peroxide to generate hypobromite by the action of eosinophil peroxidase, a haloperoxidase enzyme which preferentially uses bromide over chloride for this purpose.
Simple bromide salts (such as sodium bromide) are also sometimes used in hot tubs and spas as mild germicidal agents, using the action of an added oxidizing agent (such as hydrogen peroxide) to generate in situ hypobromite, in a similar fashion to the action of peroxidase on bromide in eosinophils.
Hypobromite has been proposed to be a reactive intermediate in the Hofmann rearrangement.
See also
Other bromine anions:
References
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Artikel Terkait "hypobromite"
Hypobromite - Wikipedia
The hypobromite ion, also called alkaline bromine water, is BrO −.Bromine is in the +1 oxidation state.The Br–O bond length is 1.82 Å. [1] Hypobromite is the bromine compound analogous to hypochlorites found in common bleaches, and in immune cells. In many ways, hypobromite functions in the same manner as hypochlorite, and is also used as a germicide and …
Hypobromite | BrO- | CID 5460626 - PubChem
07 Mei 2021 · Hypobromite is a monovalent inorganic anion obtained by deprotonation of hypobromous acid. It is a bromine oxoanion and a monovalent inorganic anion. It is a conjugate base of a hypobromous acid. ChEBI. 1 Structures. 1.1 2D Structure. Structure Search. Get Image. Download Coordinates.
Hypobromite - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hypobromite is an ion.Its chemical formula is BrO-.It contains bromine in its +1 oxidation state.It is an oxidizing agent.It is similar to hypochlorite.Hypobromites are the salts of hypobromous acid.Hypobromite is a disinfectant.Some white blood cells oxidize bromide to hypobromite with peroxide and use the hypobromite to kill germs. Bromides can be added to pools along with …
Hypobromite - WikiChem - Potsdam
05 Jan 2011 · A hypobromite is a salt or ester of hypobromous acid. Contents. 1 Notes and references. 1.1 Notes; 1.2 References; 1.3 Further reading; 2 External links; Notes and references
Hypobromite - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
The unreacted hypobromite is destroyed with sodium bisulfite and the basic solution is extracted with ether to remove the unreacted ketone. Acidification of the aqueous phase with concentrated hydrochloric acid yields 17.6 gm (96%) of benzoic acid, mp 121.5°−122°C alone and when mixed with an authentic sample.
The Decomposition of Hypobromite and Bromite Solutions
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Hypobromite | BrO - ChemSpider
ChemSpider record containing structure, synonyms, properties, vendors and database links for Hypobromite, Hypobromous acid, ion(1-), JGJLWPGRMCADHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Sodium hypobromite - WikiChem - Potsdam
07 Jan 2011 · Sodium hypobromite, NaBrO, is the sodium salt of hypobromous acid. It can be prepared by the reaction of bromine with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution at 0 °C or lower. [1] [2] It has long been known as a strong oxidizing agent in solution, [3] [4] [5] but the solid pentahydrate was not isolated until 1952.
Sodium hypobromite - Wikipedia
Sodium hypobromite is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na O Br.It is a sodium salt of hypobromous acid.It consists of sodium cations Na + and hypobromite anions − OBr.It is usually obtained as the pentahydrate, so the compound that is usually called sodium hypobromite actually has the formula NaBrO·5H 2 O.It is a yellow-orange solid that is soluble in water.
Hypobromite Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of HYPOBROMITE is a salt or ester of hypobromous acid.