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      The Inca dove or Mexican dove (Columbina inca) is a small New World dove. The species was first described by French surgeon and naturalist René Lesson in 1847. It reaches a length of 16.5–23 cm (6.5–9.1 in) and weighs 30–58 g (1.1–2.0 oz). The Inca dove has an average wingspan of 28.5 cm and a max wingspan of 32 cm. It is a slender species, with a gray-brown body covered in feathers that resemble a scaled pattern. The tail is long and square and edged with white feathers that may flare out in flight. The underwings are reddish, like other ground doves, and upon takeoff, the wings produce a distinctive, quiet rattling noise.


      Distribution and habitat



      The Inca dove ranges from Costa Rica in the south to the American Southwest in the north and is often common to abundant in suitable habitat. Its range has been expanding northward and southward the past few decades. Despite being named after the Inca Empire, this species does not occur in any of the lands that once constituted that empire. Inca doves are expanding their range in the north and south. This terrestrial species forms flocks in deserts, scrublands and cultivated areas and may also be found in urban settings where they feed upon grass seeds and take advantage of the ready availability of water from agricultural and suburban irrigation.
      The Inca dove has in the past escaped or been deliberately released in the US state of Florida, but there is no evidence that the population is breeding and may only persist due to continuing releases or escapes.


      Nesting


      Inca doves build their nests primarily in trees and shrubs. The average diameter is about 5 centimeters. The male gathers nesting material and presents it to the female, who also gathers some nesting material. The nest is composed of twigs, grass, weed stalks, and leaves and becomes reinforced with the brood's excrement. The nest is often used over and over.


      Behavior



      During winter, Inca doves roost in communal huddles, in a pyramid formation that aids in body-heat retention. These pyramids can contain 10 or more birds. They often flock outside of their territories, with flocks growing up to 100 birds-strong.


      Voice


      The song, a forceful cooing rendered variously as cowl-coo, POO-pup, or NO-hope, may be given from a tree, wire, or other open, high perch such as a television aerial.


      References



      Sibley, David (2003). The Sibley Field Guide to Birds of Western North America. Knopf. ISBN 0-679-45121-8.
      Stiles, F. Gary; Skutch, Alexander F. (1989). A Guide to the Birds of Costa Rica. Comstock Publishing Associates. ISBN 0-8014-9600-4.
      "Columbina inca". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 4 February 2006.


      External links



      Inca dove - Columbina inca - USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter
      Inca dove photo gallery at VIREO (Drexel University)
      "Inca dove media". Internet Bird Collection.
      Inca dove species account at Neotropical Birds (Cornell Lab of Ornithology)
      Interactive range map of Columbina inca at IUCN Red List

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    Inca Dove | Audubon Field Guide

    Inca Dove | Audubon Field Guide

    Inca Dove Page

    Inca Dove Page

    Inca Dove - eBirdr

    Inca Dove - eBirdr

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    Suzanne Britton Nature Photography: Inca Dove

    Inca Dove - Owen Deutsch Photography

    Inca Dove - Owen Deutsch Photography

    Inca Dove Pretty Birds, Cute Birds, Beautiful Birds, Bird Life List ...

    Inca Dove Pretty Birds, Cute Birds, Beautiful Birds, Bird Life List ...

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    Inca Dove - Owen Deutsch Photography

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    Inca Dove - Love Your Planet

    Birds: Inca Dove

    Birds: Inca Dove

    Inca Dove | San Diego Bird Spot

    Inca Dove | San Diego Bird Spot

    The Online Zoo - Inca Dove

    The Online Zoo - Inca Dove

    The Online Zoo - Inca Dove

    The Online Zoo - Inca Dove

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    Inca Dove Identification, All About Birds, Cornell Lab of ...

    The Inca Dove is a small and slender dove with a long, square-tipped tail and small head. It has a thin and slightly drooping bill and short legs. Slightly larger than a Common Ground-Dove, …

    Inca dove - Wikipedia

    The Inca dove or Mexican dove (Columbina inca) is a small New World dove. The species was first described by French surgeon and naturalist René Lesson in 1847. It reaches a length of …

    Inca Dove Overview, All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology

    The tiny Inca Dove is covered in tan scaly-looking feathers and blends right in with its suburban desert habitats. That is, until it bursts into flight, making a dry rattling whir with its wings while …

    Inca Dove | Audubon Field Guide

    The soft, whistled no-hope of the Inca Dove is a familiar sound in southwestern cities. These little doves are often seen walking about on lawns with dainty steps, or fluttering up with a rattle of …

    Inca Dove - eBird

    Learn more about Inca Dove from… Essentially a ground dove with a long tail. Pale sandy color with scaly pattern covering entire body, unlike Common Ground Dove. Look for obvious white …

    Inca Dove - Facts, Diet, Habitat & Pictures on Animalia.bio

    The Inca dove or Mexican dove (Columbina inca) is a small New World dove. The species was first described by French surgeon and naturalist René Lesson in 1847. It reaches a length of …

    Inca Dove Life History - All About Birds

    The tiny Inca Dove is covered in tan scaly-looking feathers and blends right in with its suburban desert habitats. That is, until it bursts into flight, making a dry rattling whir with its wings while …

    Inca Dove - National Geographic

    This conspicuous dove is often found in urban areas along the U.S.-Mexico border. Learn how to spot the Inca dove.

    Inca Dove - BWD Magazine

    The Inca dove is a small, slender dove with an overall grayish-tan plumage. Its underparts, throat, and face are often a shade lighter than its upperparts. Its feathers are edged with brown all …

    INCA DOVE | The Texas Breeding Bird Atlas - Texas A&M …

    The Inca Dove has been expanding its range in Texas since it was first collected at Laredo in 1866 (Butcher 1868). It next appeared at Austin in 1889 and by the early 1900s was breeding …