6.7
5
7.168
6.6
6.967
7
6.562
6.73
7
6.676
6.516
7.667
7.351
7.3
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The Islamic State dinar (Arabic: دينار الدولة الإسلامية), or simply the gold dinar, was the official currency of the Islamic State from 2014 to 2019. Subdivided into dirhams and fulûs, it was modelled after the historical gold dinar that was first introduced in the Muslim world during the time of the Umayyad Caliphate. In 2016, one Islamic State dinar had an effective exchange rate of US$190 or £91, though it did not gain traction outside of the Middle East due to the Islamic State conflict, as the international community did not recognize the Islamic State's sovereignty and designated it as a terrorist organization.
Background
The Islamic State of Iraq (ISI) establishing itself in 2013 as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (or the Levant), and then simply as the Islamic State in June 2014. By 2015, it controlled a large amount of territory in both countries, declaring itself as a caliphate and planning to absorb other territories of the Muslim world. However, none of the United Nations member states recognized the Islamic State's sovereignty; it was instead widely designated as a terrorist organization by the international community.
Minting and distribution
In a 2014 issue of the online IS magazine Dabiq, the organization announced that it was preparing to mint an independent currency based on the one used in the historical caliphates. A design of coins made of gold, silver, and copper was subsequently published. In the 2015 video The Rise of the Khilafah and the Return of the Gold Dinar, IS announced that these coins were set for release. The planned exchange rate to the United States dollar was approximately US$139. A number of analysts stated that the organization was motivated to produce such a currency for pan-Islamic propaganda purposes or for emphasizing the sovereign statehood of the so-called IS caliphate, or both. According to IS media, however, the organization's intent behind the coinage was to allow the Muslim world to be economically independent, particularly with regard to the financial influence of the Western world. In 2015, Turkish authorities discovered an underground IS minting facility in Şahinbey, a town near Gaziantep, close to the Syrian border.
Despite the extensive promotion of the IS gold dinar, the currency saw limited circulation. It was almost exclusively used in those parts of IS-controlled territory where it was forbidden to use other currencies. By 2019, as the IS quasi-state collapsed, the gold dinar was replaced by the Iraqi dinar and the Syrian pound.
Coinage
A series of coins divided between gold dinars, silver dirhams, and copper fulûs were released, seeing limited circulation in Syria, with locals' Syrian pounds being taken away and replaced with the dinar in some regions.
There have also been reports that indicate that the coinage publicized by the group has differed greatly in terms of actual circulation.
= Characteristics
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See also
Territory of the Islamic State
Finances of the Islamic State
Terrorism financing
References
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
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Islamic State says it'll mint own coins
Islamic State 'launches first coin of currency' - BBC News
Islamic State mints its own 'Islamic Dinar' coins
IS forces Syrian traders to use its 'Islamic Dinar'
80+ State Dinar Stock Photos, Pictures & Royalty-Free Images - iStock
Beyond Syria and Iraq: Examining Islamic State Provinces | The ...
File:Dinar Dirham Web.jpg - Wikimedia Commons
IS 'Islamic Dinars' to soon enter circulation
IS 'Islamic Dinars' to soon enter circulation
Islamic State Found Weaker In Iraq, Syria, Stronger In Libya
UN report: Up to 30,000 Islamic State members in Syria, Iraq | The ...
Islamic State's New Currency Is Monkey Nuts | World News | Sky News
