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Jonestown adalah sebuah permukiman terpencil yang didirikan oleh Kenisah Rakyat, kultus Amerika di bawah kepemimpinan pendeta Jim Jones, di utara Guyana. Tempat ini menjadi terkenal secara internasional pada tanggal 18 November 1978, ketika 918 orang meninggal di permukiman ini, di dekat landasan udara di Port Kaituma, dan di bangunan yang dikelola oleh kultus ini di Georgetown, ibu kota Guyana. Nama permukiman ini menjadi identik dengan insiden yang di lokasi tersebut.
Total 909 orang meninggal di Jonestown, karena keracunan sianida (kecuali dua orang), dalam sebuah peristiwa yang disebut "bunuh diri revolusioner" oleh Jones dan beberapa anggota dalam sebuah rekaman audio dari peristiwa ini cara dan dalam diskusi-diskusi sebelumnya. Kasus keracunan di Jonestown diikuti oleh pembunuhan lima orang lainnya oleh anggota kultus di Port Kaituma, termasuk Anggota Kongres Amerika Serikat, Leo Ryan, yang diperintahkan oleh Jones. Empat anggota lainnya melakukan pembunuhan dan bunuh diri di Georgetown atas perintah Jones.
Meskipun beberapa orang menganggap peristiwa di Jonestown sebagai bunuh diri massal, kebanyakan orang—termasuk korban selamat di Jonestown—menganggapnya sebagai pembunuhan massal. Semua yang meminum racun melakukannya di bawah paksaan, dan sepertiga dari korban (304) adalah anak di bawah umur. Ini adalah salah satu peristiwa terbesar dalam sejarah modern dan mengakibatkan jumlah kematian tunggal terbesar dari masyarakat Amerika dalam tindakan yang disengaja, sebelum dilewati oleh peristiwa tanggal 11 September 2001.




Catatan






Referensi


Hall, John R. (1987), Gone from the Promised Land: Jonestown in American Cultural History, New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers, ISBN 0-88738-124-3
Layton, Deborah (1998), Seductive Poison, New York: Anchor Books, ISBN 0-385-48984-6
Moore, Rebecca (1985), A Sympathetic History of Jonestown: the Moore Family Involvement in Peoples Temple, Lewiston: E. Mellen Press, ISBN 0-88946-860-5
Reiterman, Tim; Jacobs, John (1982), Raven: The Untold Story of Rev. Jim Jones and His People, Dutton




Bacaan lebih lanjut


Brailey, Jeffrey (1998). The Ghosts of November: Memoirs of an Outsider Who Witnessed the Carnage at Jonestown, Guyana. San Antonio, TX: J & J Publishers. ISBN 0-9667-8680-7.
Chidester, David (1988). Salvation and Suicide. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-35056-5.
Dolan, Sean (2000). Everything You Need to Know About Cults. New York: Rosen Pub. Group. ISBN 0-8239-3230-3.
Feinsod, Ethan (1981). Awake in a Nightmare: Jonestown: The Only Eyewitness Account. New York: W.W. Norton & Co. ISBN 0-393-01431-2. Based on interviews with Odell Rhodes.
Galanter, M. (1999). Cults: Faith, Healing, and Coercion. New York: Oxford University Press.
Kahalas, Laurie Efrein (1998). Snake Dance: Unravelling the Mysteries of Jonestown. New York: Red Robin Press. ISBN 1-5521-2207-7.
Kerns, Phil (1978). People's Temple, People's Tomb. Logos Associates. ISBN 0-88270-363-3.
Kilduff, Marshall; Ron Javers (1978). The Suicide Cult: The Inside Story of the Peoples Temple Sect and the Massacre in Guyana. New York: Bantam Books. ISBN 0-553-12920-1.
Klineman, George; Sherman Butler (1980). The Cult That Died. G.P. Putnam's Sons. ISBN 0-399-12540-X.
Kohl, Laura Johnston. Jonestown Survivor: An Insider's Look. New York: IUniverse, 2010.
koq (2014). Recordead: The Jonestown Tapes. Kindle Direct Publishing,.
Krause, Charles A. with Laurence M. Stern, Richard Harwood and the staff of The Washington Post (1978). Guyana Massacre: The Eyewitness Account. New York: Berkley Pub. Corp. ISBN 0-425-04234-0. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link)
Lane, Mark (1980). The Strongest Poison. New York: Hawthorn Books. ISBN 0-8015-3206-X.
Maaga, Mary McCormick (1998). Hearing the Voices of Jonestown. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press. ISBN 0-8156-0515-3.
Mills, Jeannie (1979). Six Years with God: Life Inside Rev. Jim Jones's People's Temple. New York: A&W Publishers. ISBN 0-8947-9046-3.
Moore, Rebecca. In Defense of Peoples Temple. Lewiston, N.Y.: The Edwin Mellen Press, 1988.
Naipaul, Shiva (1982). Journey to Nowhere: A New World Tragedy. Harmondsworth [Eng.]: Penguin. ISBN 0-14-006189-4. (published in the UK as Black and White)
Reston, James, Jr. (1981). Our Father Who Art in Hell: The Life and Death of Jim Jones. New York: Times Books. ISBN 0-8129-0963-1. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link)
Scheeres, Julia (2011). A Thousand Lives: The Untold Story of Hope, Deception, and Survival at Jonestown. New York: Free Press. ISBN 1-4165-9639-9.
Stephenson, Denice (2005). Dear People: Remembering Jonestown. Heyday Books. ISBN 1-59714-002-3.
Thielmann, Bonnie, Merrill, Dean. The Broken God. Elgin, Ill.: David C. Cook Publishing Co., 1979. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link)
Thrash, Catherine (Hyacinth), as told to Marian K. Towne. The Onliest One Alive: Surviving Jonestown, Guyana. Indianapolis: Marian K. Towne, 1995. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link)
Wagner-Wilson, Leslie (2009). Slavery of Faith. New York: Universe.
Wooden, Kenneth. The Children of Jonestown. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1981.
Wright, Lawrence. The Sons of Jim Jones. The New Yorker 69, no. 39 (Nov 22, 1993): 66–89.
Yee, Min S., Layton, Thomas N. In My Father’s House. New-York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1981. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link)




Pranala luar


Daftar Jonestown massacre korban Diarsipkan 2016-04-01 di Wayback Machine.
Alternatif pertimbangan Jonestown dan Peoples Temple, sumber daya yang luas pada topik, yang disponsori oleh Departemen Studi Agama di Universitas Negeri San Diego
"Jonestown: Kehidupan dan Kematian Peoples Temple" Diarsipkan 2009-02-26 di Wayback Machine., website untuk siaran film di PBS termasuk video wawancara dengan korban selamat dari 2006
"Jonestown Kematian Tape (FBI Tidak. Q 042) (18 November 1978)", tidak resmi web-publishing (digital) dari kematian tape tampaknya dibuat hanya sebelum dan selama pembunuhan massal
"Nightmare in Jonestown". Time. December 4, 1978. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-08-23. Diakses tanggal August 5, 2008. , Waktu cover majalah story, senin, 4 november 1978
Ayah Peduli: Yang Terakhir dari Jonestown, 1981 audio dokumenter yang diproduksi oleh NPR (90 menit)
'Jonestown Warisan' Diarsipkan 2020-03-22 di Wayback Machine. situs yang dijalankan oleh David Wise, setelah seorang Pendeta dari Los Angeles Cabang Peoples Temple, tapi akhir-akhir ini lawan dari Jim Jones.
"The Jonestown, Guyana Tragedy: Primary Source Materials from the U.S. Department of State". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal April 28, 1999. isi dari Pemerintah AS arsip pada subjek yang diperoleh melalui Freedom of Information Act. (web-arsip salinan dari situs aslinya, tidak lagi ada; sayangnya scanned halaman yang hilang)
"The Assassination of Representative Leo J. Ryan and the Jonestown, Guyana Tragedy". Archived from the original on March 9, 2011. Diakses tanggal 2011-07-13. Pemeliharaan CS1: BOT: status url asli tidak diketahui (link) , kutipan dari: Laporan dari Staf Investigasi Kelompok untuk Komite Urusan Luar negeri, Dpr AS, 15 Mei 1979
(Inggris) Jonestown Mass Grave di Find a Grave
"Wawancara Radio dengan Julia Scheeres, penulis "Seribu Kehidupan: The Untold Story of Jonestown" dan Thom Bogue, salah satu korban", KDRT, agustus 2014
"Jonestown FBI File" di Internet Archive
"Jonestown Kultus Bunuh Diri - Kisah Nyata - Film Dokumenter"

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Jonestown
• James Warren Jones
• Kenisah Rakyat
• Sekte
• Emma Roberts
• Bunuh diri
• Daftar perang dan bencana menurut korban jiwa
• Daftar teori konspirasi
• Daftar orang yang mengaku sebagai Yesus
• Brian Jones
• Jonestown
• The Brian Jonestown Massacre
• Jonestown (disambiguation)
• Jim Jones
• Kit Nascimento
• Peoples Temple
• Jonestown, Pennsylvania
• Jonestown, Ohio
• Jonestown, Coahoma County, Mississippi
• Maria Katsaris

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Daftar Isi

• Jonestown - Wikipedia
• Jonestown ‑ Massacre, Guyana & Cult - HISTORY
• Jonestown | History, Facts, Jim Jones, & Survivors | Britannica
• Jim Jones - Wikipedia
• Jonestown — FBI
• Mass suicide at Jonestown | November 18, 1978 - HISTORY
• Inside Jonestown: How Jim Jones Trapped Followers ... - HISTORY
• Jonestown: The Life and Death of Peoples Temple - PBS
• The perfect storm that led to the Jonestown massacre
• What was the Jonestown massacre? | Britannica

Jonestown - Wikipedia

The Peoples Temple Agricultural Project, better known by its informal name "Jonestown", was a remote settlement in Guyana established by the Peoples Temple, an American religious movement under the leadership of Jim Jones.

Jonestown ‑ Massacre, Guyana & Cult - HISTORY

Oct 18, 2010 · The “Jonestown Massacre” occurred on November 18, 1978, when more than 900 members of an American cult called the Peoples Temple died in a mass suicide-murder under the direction of their leader...

Jonestown | History, Facts, Jim Jones, & Survivors | Britannica

Feb 11, 2025 · The Jonestown massacre was a mass murder-suicide of the Peoples Temple cult at the behest of their leader, Jim Jones, in 1978. After cult members attacked Congressman Leo Ryan, who was investigating the cult, Jones enacted a suicide plan at the Jonestown compound.

Jim Jones - Wikipedia

James Warren Jones (May 13, 1931 – November 18, 1978) was an American cult leader and mass murderer who founded and led the Peoples Temple between 1955 and 1978.

Jonestown — FBI

The FBI investigates a murder of a Congressman and a mass suicide in Jonestown, Guyana in the late 1970s.

Mass suicide at Jonestown | November 18, 1978 - HISTORY

Feb 9, 2010 · Peoples Temple founder Jim Jones leads hundreds of his followers in a mass murder‑suicide at Jonestown, their agricultural commune in a remote part of the South American nation of Guyana. 909...

Inside Jonestown: How Jim Jones Trapped Followers ... - HISTORY

Nov 13, 2018 · Just two years later, on Nov. 18, 1978, those words became reality when more than 900 people, one-third of them children, died during what would be known as the Jonestown Massacre, one of the...

Jonestown: The Life and Death of Peoples Temple - PBS

Apr 9, 2007 · In 1978 over 900 people led by Rev. Jim Jones died in the largest mass murder-suicide in history, at Jonestown, Guyana. The story is told by survivors, Temple defectors, relatives, and...

The perfect storm that led to the Jonestown massacre

Jun 14, 2024 · Jonestown's main pavilion is partially collapsed a week after over 900 people were killed on the commune. The Jonestown massacre remains one of the largest mass murders in American history....

What was the Jonestown massacre? | Britannica

The Jonestown massacre was a mass murder-suicide of the Peoples Temple cult at the behest of their leader, Jim Jones, in 1978. After cult members attacked Congressman Leo Ryan, who was investigating the cult, Jones enacted a suicide plan at the Jonestown compound.