langite

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      Langite is a rare hydrated copper sulfate mineral, with hydroxyl, found almost exclusively in druses of small crystals. It is formed from the oxidation of copper sulfides, and was first described in specimens from Cornwall, United Kingdom. It is dimorphous with wroewolfeite. Langite was discovered in 1864 and named after the physicist and crystallographer Viktor von Lang (1838–1921), who was Professor of Physics at the University of Vienna, Austria.


      Unit cell


      Langite belongs to the monoclinic crystal class m, meaning that it has just one mirror plane, and no axes of rotational symmetry. The crystal is built up of identical unit cells stacked together, with no space in between. The unit cell for the monoclinic system has a base which is a rhombus, with sides a and c inclined at angle β. The third side b is perpendicular to both a and c. For langite the angle β is very close to 90°, so the unit cell is almost brick-shaped (as for the orthorhombic system). Different sources give slightly different values for the unit cell parameters, but they all fall within the ranges a = 7.118 Å to 7.137 Å, b = 6.031 Å to 6.034 Å, c = 11.209 Å to 11.217 Å, β = 90.00 to 90.02°, Z (the number of formula units per unit cell) = 2.


      Physical properties


      Langite usually occurs as druses of small greenish-blue crystals which may be scaly or earthy. It is translucent, with a vitreous to silky luster and a blue-green streak. It has perfect cleavage perpendicular to the c crystal axis, and distinct cleavage perpendicular to b. Twinning is common, and typically repeated to give snowflake or star shaped groupings. The mineral is soft, with hardness 2.5 to 3, a little less than that of calcite. Fracture is uneven, and specific gravity is in the range 3.28 to 3.50, a little less than that of diamond.


      Optical properties


      Langite is biaxial (−). Since it is monoclinic, it has three different refractive indices, corresponding to the three crystallographic directions. All the refractive indices are in the range 1.64 to 1.80, which is comparatively large, almost as high as garnet. Different sources give these values:

      Nx = 1.641, Ny = 1.690, Nz = 1.712
      Nx = 1.708, Ny = 1.760, Nz = 1.798
      Nx = 1.641 to 1.654, Ny = 1.690 to 1.713, Nz = 1.705 to 1.722
      Nx = 1.641, Ny = 1.690, Nz = 1.705 to 1.712
      The mineral is pleochroic, with X light yellowish green, Y blue-green and Z sky blue.


      Occurrence


      Langite is an uncommon but widespread secondary mineral in the oxidised zone of copper sulfide deposits, which may be of post-mine formation. It is associated with wroewolfeite, posnjakite, serpierite, devilline, chalcophyllite, connellite, brochantite, malachite and gypsum.
      There are two type localities for langite, Fowey Consols, Tywardreath, Par Area, St Austell District, and St Just, St Just District, both in Cornwall, England. The type material is conserved at the Natural History Museum, Vienna, Austria, reference A.a.4353.
      Other reported occurrences include:

      With serpierite coating the bed of a water course affected by acid mine drainage at the Lloyd Copper Mine at Burraga, New South Wales, Australia
      Intergrown with ktenasite forming fibrous and botryoidal crusts and coatings less than 0.1 mm thick, at the Kintore Open Cut, Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia
      Associated with a new mineral mallestigite, reported in 2004, near Carinthia, Austria, on the dump of a copper-lead-zinc mine. The mallestigite formed in fractures during weathering of primary galena and tetrahedrite. Other associated minerals were anglesite, brochantite, linarite and schultenite
      At Silver Gill, Caldbeck Fells, Cumbria, England, partly altered to brochantite, Cu4SO4(OH)6
      As microcrystals in small vugs in prehnite-quartz vein sections at the Clark Mine, Keweenaw Peninsula, Michigan, US


      References




      External links



      Jmol: http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/AMS/viewJmol.php?id=09777

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    langite

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    Langite - Wikipedia

    Langite is a rare hydrated copper sulfate mineral, with hydroxyl, found almost exclusively in druses of small crystals. It is formed from the oxidation of copper sulfides, and was first described in specimens from Cornwall, United Kingdom. It is dimorphous with wroewolfeite.

    Langite: Mineral information, data and localities. - mindat.org

    Cu4(SO4) (OH)6 · 2H2O. Blue, greenish-blue. Named by Nevil Story-Maskelyne in 1864 in honor of Victor von Lang (2 March 1838, Vienna, Austrian Empire - 3 July 1921, Vienna, Austria), physicist and crystallographer, Professor of Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

    Langite - A Rare Natural Beauty - iRocks.com

    Dec 24, 2015 · Beautiful blue-green langite specimens form naturally throughout the world. A natural rarity, l angite is an unusual species of mineral – specifically, hydrated copper sulfate with hydroxyl.

    40 Facts About Langite

    Dec 6, 2024 · Langite, a striking blue-green mineral, captures the imagination of rock enthusiasts and geologists alike. But what exactly is Langite? This mineral is a hydrated copper sulfate, often found in the oxidized zones of copper deposits. Its vibrant color and unique crystal structure make it a favorite among collectors.

    Langite Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 2H2O - Handbook of Mineralogy

    Crystals, showing {001}, {010}, {100}, {110}, {021}, to 7 mm, commonly skeletal; in wavy to flat crusts, earthy, massive. Twinning: On {110}, typically repeated to give snowflakelike or star-shaped groupings. Physical Properties: Cleavage: On {001} and {010}. D(meas.) = 3.28–3.34 D(calc.) = 3.26–3.37 Hardness = 2.5–3. Translucent.

    Langite mineral information and data - Dakota Matrix

    Langite occurs as a secondary mineral in oxidized copper sulfide deposits, and may be of post-mine in origin. Ref. Handbook of Mineralogy, Anthony et al (1995) and MSA at http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/langite.pdf

    Langite Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster

    The meaning of LANGITE is a mineral Cu4(SO4)(OH)6.H2O (?) composed of a basic hydrous sulfate of copper.

    Langite Mineral Data

    Fowey Consols, Tywardreath, Par Area, St Austell District, Cornwall, England, UK Link to MinDat.org Location Data. Named after the Viennese physicist, V. von Lang (1838-1921). Comments: Bluish, tabular blades of twinned langite crystals on matrix. Location: Mollau, France. Scale: Not Given.

    Langite

    Langite is one of the nicest oxydised mineral near bornite. This specimen has been found perhaps more than 10 years ago into a gallery of an old slate quarry. Today, the access is helas forbidden.

    Langite from Philips Mine (Philips Pyrite Mine; Anthony's Nose ...

    Nearest other occurrences of Langite 60.0km (37.3 miles) ⓘ Roxbury Iron Mine (Shepaug Iron Company Mine; Shepaug Spathic Iron and Steel Company Mine), Mine Hill (Ore Hill), Roxbury, Litchfield Co., Connecticut, USA