language primitive

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      In computing, language primitives are the simplest elements available in a programming language. A primitive is the smallest 'unit of processing' available to a programmer of a given machine, or can be an atomic element of an expression in a language.
      Primitives are units with a meaning, i.e., a semantic value in the language. Thus they are different from tokens in a parser, which are the minimal elements of syntax.


      Types of primitives




      = Machine-level primitives

      =
      A machine instruction, usually generated by an assembler program, is often considered the smallest unit of processing although this is not always the case. It typically performs what is perceived to be one operation such as copying a byte or string of bytes from one computer memory location to another or adding one processor register to another.


      = Microcode primitives

      =
      Many of today's computers, however, actually embody an even lower unit of processing known as microcode which interprets the machine code and it is then that the microcode instructions would be the genuine primitives. These instructions would typically be available for modification only by the hardware vendor's programmers.


      = High-level language primitives

      =
      A high-level programming language (HLL) program is composed of discrete statements and primitive data types that may also be perceived to perform a single operation or represent a single data item, but at a higher semantic level than those provided by the machine. Copying a data item from one location to another may actually involve many machine instructions that, for instance,

      calculate the address of both operands in memory, based on their positions within a data structure,
      convert from one data type to another
      before finally

      performing the final store operation to the target destination.
      Some HLL statements, particularly those involving loops, can generate thousands or even millions of primitives in a low-level programming language (LLL), which comprise the genuine instruction path length the processor has to execute at the lowest level. This perception has been referred to as the abstraction penalty.


      = Interpreted language primitives

      =
      An interpreted language statement has similarities to the HLL primitives, but with a further added layer. Before the statement can be executed in a manner very similar to an HLL statement: it must first be processed by an interpreter, a process that may involve many primitives in the target machine language.


      = Fourth and fifth-generation language primitives

      =
      Fourth-generation programming languages (4GL) and fifth-generation programming languages (5GL) do not have a simple one-to-many correspondence from high-to-low level primitives. There are some elements of interpreted language primitives embodied in 4GL and 5GL specifications, but the approach to the original problem is less a procedural language construct and are more oriented toward problem solving and systems engineering.


      See also


      Primitive data type
      Hardware-software codesign


      References

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    What is primitive in computer programming?

    In computer programming, a primitive is one of a set of fundamental language elements that serve as the foundation for a programming language. Each language supports a core set of primitives that provide the basic building …

    definition - Could anyone help explain what "primitive" mean in ...

    Aug 9, 2021 · In JavaScript, a primitive (primitive value, primitive data type) is data that is not an object and has no methods. There are 7 primitive data types: string, number, bigint, boolean, …

    Origin of language - Wikipedia

    Attempts to explain the origin of language take a variety of forms: • "Continuity theories" build on the idea that language exhibits so much complexity that one cannot imagine it simply appearing from nothing in its final form; therefore it must have evolved from earlier pre-linguistic systems among humans' primate ancestors.• "Discontinuity theories" take the opposite approach, stating that language, as a unique trait that cannot be compared to anythin…

    Are there primitive languages? - University of Chicago

    –reflexiveness (language can refer to itself and its properties) •3 characteristics of language structure –discreteness (the pieces are discrete, not continuous)

    13. Are all languages equally complex, or are some more …

    Before the 1900s many people believed that so-called "primitive peoples" would have primitive languages, and that Latin and Greek-- or their own languages-- were inherently superior to …

    primitives of a programming language - Stack Overflow

    Mar 26, 2010 · Syntax will describe which are the operators, which are primitive types (int, float), which are the keywords (return, for, while). So syntax decides which "words" you can use in …

    Primitive Languages: linguistic determinism and the …

    Dec 6, 2017 · ‘Primitive languages’ were a means of using linguistic evidence from a language to prove the primitiveness of the associated culture. The assumption was made that primitive languages were spoken by those who …

    Understanding Primitives | Glu

    Oct 1, 2024 · Primitive types refer to the simplest and most basic data types in programming that are built into a language and are not composed of other types. They represent the most …

    Primitive Data Types (The Java™ Tutorials > Learning the Java …

    Primitive types are special data types built into the language; they are not objects created from a class. A literal is the source code representation of a fixed value; literals are represented …