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      • Lanthanum phosphide is an inorganic compound of lanthanum and phosphorus with the chemical formula LaP.


      Synthesis


      Lanthanum phosphide can be made by heating lanthanum metal with excess phosphorus in a vacuum:

      4 La + P4 → 4 LaP


      Physical properties


      Lanthanum phosphide forms black crystals of a cubic system, space group Fm3m, cell parameters a = 0.6025 nm, with number of formulas per unit cell Z = 4.
      The crystals are very unstable and decompose in the open air.


      Electronic properties


      Lanthanum phosphide is an example of a strongly correlated material, complicating theoretical prediction of its properties.
      According to HSE06 calculations, lanthanum phosphide has been theoretically predicted to have an indirect band gap of 0.25 eV along the Γ-X direction. According to HSE06 calculations with spin-orbit coupling, the band gap is predicted to be a direct gap of 0.72 eV at the X point. Using EVGGA, the compound is predicted to have a band gap of 0.56 eV along the Γ-X direction. FP-LAPW has predicted an indirect gap of 0.33 eV along the Γ-X direction.


      Chemical properties


      Lanthanum phosphide reacts with water, releasing highly toxic phosphine gas:

      LaP + 3H2O → La(OH)3 + PH3


      Uses


      Lanthanum phosphide compound is a semiconductor used in high power, high frequency applications, and in laser diodes.


      Lanthanum polyphosphide


      In addition to the simple phosphide, LaP, lanthanum and phosphorus can also form phosphorus-rich compounds such as LaP2 LaP5 and LaP7.


      References




      Further reading


      Iandelli, A.; Botti, R. (1936). "On the crystal structure of compounds of the rare earths with metalloids of the V group. Phosphides of La, Ce, Pr". Rendiconti Lincei. VI. 24. Accademia dei Lincei: 459. ISSN 0001-4435. OCLC 8450083. HathiTrust (no access)

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