list of ancient cities in thrace and dacia

    List of ancient cities in Thrace and Dacia GudangMovies21 Rebahinxxi LK21

    This is a list of ancient cities, towns, villages, and fortresses in and around Thrace and Dacia. A number of these settlements were Thracian and Dacian, but some were Celtic, Greek, Roman, Paeonian, or Persian.
    A number of cities in Thrace and Dacia were built on or close to the sites of preexisting Dacian or Thracian settlements. Some settlements in this list may have a double entry, such as the Paeonian Astibo and Latin Astibus. It is believed that Thracians did not build true cities even if they were named as such; the largest Thracian settlements were large villages. The only known attempt to build a polis by the Thracians was Seuthopolis., although Strabo considered the Thracian cities with "bria" ending polises. Some of the Dacian settlements and fortresses employed the traditional Murus Dacicus construction technique.
    Note: Throughout these lists, an asterisk [*] indicates that the toponym is reconstructed.


    Thracian and Dacian



    Many city names were composed of an initial lexical element affixed to -dava, -daua, -deva, -deba, -daba, or -dova, which meant "city" or "town" Endings on more southern regions are exclusively -bria ("town, city"), -disza, -diza, -dizos ("fortress, walled settlement"), -para, -paron, -pera, -phara ("town, village"). Strabo translated -bria as polis, but that may not be accurate. Thracian -disza, -diza, and -dizos are derived from Proto-Indo-European *dheigh-, "to knead clay", hence to "make bricks", "build walls", "wall", "walls", and so on. These Thracian lexical items show a satemization of PIE *gh-. Cognates include Ancient Greek teichos ("wall, fort, fortified town", as in the town of Didymoteicho) and Avestan da?za ("wall").
    It is suggested that the "dava" endings are from the Dacian language, while the rest from the Thracian language. However "dava" towns can be found as south as Sandanski and Plovdiv. Some "dava" toponyms contain the same linguistic features as "diza" toponyms, e.g. Pirodiza and Pirodava. The first written mention of the name "Dacians" is in Roman sources. Strabo specified that the Daci are the Getae, identified as a Thracian tribe. The Dacians, Getae and their kings were always considered as Thracians by the ancients (Dio Cassius, Trogus Pompeius, Appian, Strabo, Herodotus and Pliny the Elder) and were said to speak the same language. The Dacian language is considered a variety of the Thracian language. Such lexical differentiation -dava vs. para, would be hardly enough evidence to separate Dacian from Thracian, thus they are classified as dialects. It is also possible that '-dava' and '-bria' mean two different things in the same language, rather than meaning the same thing in two different languages. Thus bria could have been used for urbanized settlements, similar in scale and design to those of the "civilised" peoples like Greeks and Romans, whereas '-dava' could mean a settlement which is rural, being situated in the steppe-like part of the Thracian lands.


    = Unknown names

    =


    Thraco-Illyrian


    Chesdupara
    Daradapara
    Scupi of the Dardani tribe
    Sirmium


    Thrace and Macedonia




    = Thrace, from Strymon to Nestos

    =
    Amphipolis, founded by colonists from Athens
    Akontisma
    Antisara
    Creston, modern Kilkis
    Datos, founded by colonists from Thasos
    Drabeskos
    Eion, founded by colonists from Athens
    Ennea Hodoi
    Galepsus, founded by colonists from Thasos
    Gasoros
    Heraclea Sintica
    Krenides, founded by colonists from Thasos
    Mastira, mentioned by Demosthenes (341 BCE) in his "The Oration on the State of the Chersonesus". This town was unknown to the scholar Harpocration (100-200 CE), who suggests that instead of "Mastira" we should read "Bastira", a known Thracian town of that name.
    Myrkinos, founded by colonists from Miletus in 497 BC
    Neapolis, founded by colonists from Thasos, modern Kavala
    Oesyme, founded by colonists from Thasos
    Paroikopolis
    Pergamos
    Phagres, founded by colonists from Thasos
    Philippi, founded by Philip II of Macedon, rebuilt Crenides
    Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv)
    Pistyros, founded by colonists from Thasos
    Sirra, founded by Philip II of Macedon, rebuilt town of the Siriopeoni, modern Serres
    Skapte Hyle
    Skotoussa
    Tristolos


    = Thrace, from Nestos to Hebros

    =
    Abdera, founded by colonists from Klazomenai
    Ainos (Poltymbria) founded by colonists from Alopeke, Mytilene, and Kyme
    Bergepolis, founded by colonists from Abdera
    Doriskos
    Drys, founded by colonists from Samothrace
    Dikaia, founded by colonists from Samos
    Kypsela
    Larissa
    Maroneia, founded by colonists from Chios
    Menebria, founded by colonists from Samothrace on a town named Melsambria, modern Nessebar
    Orthagoria
    Sale, founded by colonists from Samothrace
    Stryme, founded from colonists from Thasos
    Zone, founded by colonists from Samothrace


    = Inland Thrace

    =
    Alexandropolis Maedica
    Beroea, founded by Philip II of Macedon in 342 BC
    Philippopolis| Pulpudeva (Philippopolis), today's city of Plovdiv in Bulgaria, founded by Philip II of Macedon in a town formerly called Eumolpias.
    Stanimachos, founded by colonists from Istiaia, modern Asenovgrad
    Pistiros, founded by Pistyrians from the coast


    = Thracian Chersonesos

    =
    Aegospotami (Aegospotamos)
    Alokopennesos, founded by colonists from Aeolis
    Araplos
    Callipolis
    Chersonesos (Agora), founded by colonists from Athens
    Derris
    Elaious, founded by colonists from Athens
    Ide
    Kardia, founded by colonists from Athens
    Kressa
    Krithotai, founded by colonists from Athens
    Limnae, founded by colonists from Miletus
    Madytos, founded by colonists from Lesbos
    Pactya, founded by colonists from Athens
    Paion
    Sestos, founded by colonists from Lesbos


    = Propontic Thrace

    =
    Athyra
    Byzantion, founded by colonists from Megara on a town called Lygos, modern Istanbul
    Bisanthe, founded by colonists from Samos
    Daminon Teichos
    Ergiske
    Heraclea (Perinthus)
    Heraion, founded by colonists from Samos
    Lysimachia
    Neapolis (Thracian Chersonese), founded by colonists from Athens
    Orestias, rebuilt
    Perinthus, founded by colonists from Samos
    Rhaedestus, founded by colonists from Samos
    Serrion Teichos
    Selymbria, modern Silivri in European Turkey, of Thracian etymology
    Tyrodiza, of Thracian etymology


    = West Pontic coast

    =
    Aegyssos, modern Tulcea
    Aquae Calidae
    Ahtopol, founded by colonists from Athens
    Anchialos, modern Pomorie, founded by colonists from Appolonia
    Apollonia, modern Sozopol, founded by Ionians
    Berga, founded by colonists from Thasos
    Bizone, founded by colonists from Miletus, modern Kavarna
    Krutoi, modern Balchik founded by Miletian colonists
    Dionysopolis, modern Balchik, founded by colonists from Miletus
    Heliopolis, modern Obzor
    Histria, founded by colonists from Miletus
    Kallatis (Callatis), founded from colonists from Herakleia Pontike, modern-day Mangalia, Romania
    Mesembria, modern Nesebar, settled during the 6th century BC by Dorians from Megara
    Odessos, modern Varna, founded by colonists from Miletus
    Nikonion, founded by colonists from Istros
    Salmydessos (from IE *salm-udes, "salty water"; cf. Greek álmē, "sea water, brine"; ýdos, "water")
    Tomis, modern Constanta, rebuilt Scythian town


    = Other

    =
    Aison
    Brea, founded by colonists from Athens,
    Gazoros
    Heraclea Sintica on a tribe of the Sintoi tribe
    Kossaia


    Persian


    Boryza (city)
    Doriscus


    Roman




    Celtic




    See also



    List of ancient tribes in Thrace and Dacia
    List of rulers of Thrace and Dacia
    List of ancient cities in Illyria
    List of rulers of Illyria
    Dacian Dava
    Dacian Fortresses of the Orăştie Mountains
    Tabula Peutingeriana
    Notitia Dignitatum
    List of kings of Thrace and Dacia


    Notes




    References




    External links



    Durdinov, Ivan. "The Language of the Thracians".
    Sorin Olteanu's Project: Linguae Thraco-Daco-Moesorum - Toponyms Section
    Duridanov's paper on Thracian toponyms
    Placenames in the Compilation 'notitia dignitatum' (Cnd)
    Lists of Dacian fortresses, towns and citadels Archived 20 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine
    Dacia
    Dacian Map
    Thracians and Dacians
    Thracians 700-46 BC Archived 30 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine

Kata Kunci Pencarian: list of ancient cities in thrace and dacia