Artikel: List of mammals of Singapore GudangMovies21 Rebahinxxi

    • Source: List of mammals of Singapore

      • There are currently about 65 species of mammals in Singapore. Since the founding years of modern Singapore in 1819, over 90 species have been recorded, including megafauna such as tigers, leopards and sambar deer. Most of these have since become locally extinct largely due to rapid urban development, with occasional large mammals such as Asian elephants swimming across the Straits of Johor from Johor, Malaysia.
      Many surviving species have critically low population numbers, the most seriously endangered being the cream-coloured giant squirrel, last sighted in 1995 and now possibly extirpated. The Raffles' banded langur is also down to around 60 individuals. However, some species have been rediscovered in more remote parts of the country, such as the Malayan porcupine which was detected on Pulau Tekong in 2005, and the greater mouse-deer on Pulau Ubin in 2009.
      The most commonly seen native mammals are the crab-eating macaque and plantain squirrel. The largest terrestrial mammal is the sambar deer, however, its population still remains extremely small. The wild boar is common on the offshore islands of Pulau Ubin and Pulau Tekong and on the mainland. The largest mammals are marine species like the dugong and dolphins.


      Order Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)


      Family Suidae (pigs)

      Wild boar (Sus scrofa) LC – Tuas, Jurong, Western Catchment, Lim Chu Kang, Kranji, Choa Chu Kang, Bukit Panjang, Bukit Batok, Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Seletar, Sengkang, Punggol, Coney Island, Lorong Halus, Pasir Ris, Changi, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong
      Family Cervidae (deer)

      Southern red muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak) LC – Central Catchment (possibly extirpated, recent sightings may be escapees from captivity), Pulau Tekong, unverified sighting
      Sambar deer (Rusa unicolor) VU – Bukit Brown, Central Catchment (possibly extirpated, re-established)
      Family Tragulidae (mousedeer)

      Lesser mouse-deer (Tragulus kanchil) LC – Central Catchment
      Greater mouse-deer (Tragulus napu) LC – Pulau Ubin, Western Catchment


      Order Carnivora (carnivores)


      Family Herpestidae (mongooses)

      Short-tailed mongoose (Urva brachyura) NT historical record is based on a specimen that is likely to have been an escapee
      Family Viverridae (civets)

      Small-toothed palm civet (Arctogalidia trivirgata) LC – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment
      Otter civet (Cynogale bennettii) EN doubtful, based on old specimen without precise collection data
      Masked palm civet (Paguma larvata) LC indeterminate – Central Catchment Pulau Tekong, possible escapee (unverified sightings), Adam Road (roadkill in 2021)
      Asian palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) LC – widespread across mainland Singapore in forests, woodlands, parks, and urban areas with trees, Pulau Ubin
      Large-spotted civet (Viverra megaspila) EN presence doubtful, historical record is likely based on misidentified Malay civet
      Malayan civet (Viverra tangalunga) LC – Central Catchment, possibly Pulau Tekong but has been confused with large Indian civet
      Large Indian civet (Viverra zibetha) LC indeterminate, Jalan Bahar, possibly Pulau Tekong but has been confused with Malay civet, unverified sightings from Central Catchment
      Small Indian civet (Viverricula indica) LC doubtful
      Family Mustelidae (weasels, otters and relatives)

      Asian small-clawed otter (Aonyx cinereus) VU – Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong, sightings of lone individuals in mainland Singapore might be escapees from captivity
      Smooth-coated otter (Lutrogale perspicillata) VU – mangroves and coasts, rivers, canals, reservoirs, and lakes in many locations on mainland Singapore, also often seen travelling overland or hunting in ornamental fish ponds, Pulau Ubin, Sentosa, St. John's Island, Pulau Semakau
      Family Felidae (cats)

      Sunda clouded leopard (Neofelis diardi) VU doubtful, based on single specimen claimed to have been killed in Changi in 1898
      Leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) LC – Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong, Western Catchment, Central Catchment, Sungei Buloh
      Flat-headed cat (Prionailurus planiceps) EN presence doubtful, based on single specimen from former Raffles Museum collection that has since been lost


      Order Cetacea (cetaceans)


      Family Delphinidae (marine dolphins)

      Long-beaked common dolphin (Delphinus capensis) DD
      Irrawaddy dolphin (Orcaella brevirostris) – Singapore Strait EN
      False killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens) (vagrant) – Tuas NT
      Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (Sousa chinensis) – Straits of Johor, Singapore Strait VU
      Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) – Singapore Strait NT
      Family Phocoenidae (porpoises)

      Finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides) – Singapore Strait VU
      Family Physeteridae (sperm whale)

      Sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) (lone carcass in 2015) – Singapore Strait VU


      Order Chiroptera (bats)


      Family Pteropodidae (Old World fruit bats)

      Lesser dog-faced fruit bat (Cynopterus brachyotis) - common and widespread LC
      Cave nectar bat (Eonycteris spelaea) - common and widespread LC
      Common long-tongued fruit bat (Macroglossus minimus) - Sungei Buloh, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong LC
      Dusky fruit bat (Penthetor lucasi) – Bukit Timah LC
      Malayan flying fox (Pteropus vampyrus) (vagrant, former resident) - Central Catchment NT
      Geoffroy's rousette (Rousettus amplexicaudatus) (indeterminate, possibly extirpated) LC
      Family Emballonuridae (sheath-tailed bats)

      Lesser sheath-tailed bat (Emballonura monticola) – Bukit Timah, Pulau Ubin LC
      Pouched tomb bat (Saccolaimus saccolaimus) LC
      Long-winged tomb bat (Taphozous longimanus) – Pulau Ubin LC
      Black-bearded tomb bat (Taphozous melanopogon) LC
      Family Nycteridae (hollow-faced bats)

      Southeast Asian hollow-faced bat (Nycteris tragata) – Central Catchment NT
      Family Megadermatidae (false vampires)

      Lesser false vampire (Megaderma spasma) – Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong LC
      Family Rhinolophidae (horseshoe bats)

      Glossy horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus lepidus) – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment LC
      Woolly horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus luctus) - Central Catchment, Changi LC
      Lesser woolly horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus sedulus) (indeterminate, possibly extirpated) NT
      Lesser brown horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus stheno) (indeterminate, possibly extirpated) LC
      Trefoil horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus trifoliatus) – Central Catchment, Pulau Tekong NT
      Family Hipposideridae (Old World leaf-nosed bats)

      Bicolored roundleaf bat (Hipposideros bicolor) – Bukit Timah LC
      Fawn roundleaf bat (Hipposideros cervinus) (indeterminate, possibly extirpated) LC
      Ashy roundleaf bat (Hipposideros cineraceus) – Pulau Ubin LC
      Ridley's roundleaf bat (Hipposideros ridleyi) (indeterminate, possibly extirpated) VU
      Family Vespertilionidae (evening bats)

      Big-eared pipistrelle (Hypsugo macrotis) – Pulau Ubin DD
      Hardwicke's woolly bat (Kerivoula hardwickii) – Central Catchment, Pulau Tekong LC
      Brown tube-nosed bat (Murina suilla) – Pulau Tekong LC
      Lesser large-footed myotis (Myotis hasseltii) LC
      Horsfield's large-footed myotis (Myotis horsfieldii) – Central Catchment LC
      Whiskered myotis (Myotis muricola) - widespread LC
      Singapore whiskered bat (Myotis oreias) – endemic to Singapore, possibly globally extinct, but might not be a valid taxon DD
      Javan pipistrelle (Pipistrellus javanicus) – widespread, recent records from Ayer Rajah, Paya Lebar, Punggol, Upper Thomson, Kent Ridge LC
      Narrow-winged pipistrelle (Pipistrellus stenopterus) – Singapore Botanic Gardens, Holland Village, Rochester Park, most recent record from Bukit Timah LC
      Asiatic lesser yellow bat (Scotophilus kuhlii) - common and widespread LC
      Lesser bamboo bat (Tylonycteris pachypus) – Bukit Timah LC
      Greater bamboo bat (Tylonycteris robustula) - widespread LC
      Family Molossidae (free-tailed bats)

      Naked bulldog bat (Cheiromeles torquatus) – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Sembawang LC
      Wrinkle-lipped free-tailed bat (Chaerephon plicatus) (indeterminate, possibly extirpated) LC


      Order Dermoptera (colugo)


      Family Cynocephalidae (colugo)

      Malayan colugo or Malayan flying lemur (Galeopterus variegatus) – Bukit Timah, Bukit Batok, Central Catchment, Bukit Brown, Gallop Road, Portsdown, Changi LC


      Order Eulipotyphla (insectivores)


      Family Soricidae (shrews)

      Malayan shrew (Crocidura malayana) – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment LC
      House shrew (Suncus murinus) – urban LC
      Family Erinaceidae (hedgehogs and gymnures)

      Moonrat (Echinosorex gymnura) (doubtful - based on single specimen from former Raffles Museum collection that has since been lost) LC


      Order Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)


      Family Tapiridae (tapirs)

      Malayan tapir (Tapirus indicus) (vagrant) – Pulau Ubin, Changi, Punggol EN


      Order Pholidota (pangolins)


      Family Manidae (pangolins)

      Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica) – CR; occurs in Bukit Timah, Bukit Batok, Bukit Panjang, Central Catchment, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong, Western Catchment, Labrador, may wander into built-up areas


      Order Primates (primates)


      Family Lorisidae (lorises)

      Sunda slow loris (Nycticebus coucang) EN – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Pulau Tekong
      Family Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)

      Crab-eating macaque (Macaca fascicularis) VU – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Sungei Buloh, Western Catchment, Bukit Batok, Woodlands Waterfront, Admiralty Park, Punggol, Coney Island, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong, Sentosa, Sisters Islands; lone individuals and small groups occasionally seen in parks and urban areas elsewhere in Singapore
      Southern pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina) EN (doubtful, historical records in Singapore are likely to be based on escapees from captivity), Tengeh Reservoir, individual seen in 2020
      Raffles' banded langur (Presbytis femoralis) CR – around 70 left in Central Catchment, Upper Thomson
      Dusky leaf monkey (Trachypithecus obscurus) EN – Kent Ridge, likely escapee in 2008; Central Catchment, colonisation in 2019 with the appearance of a trio which likely originated from Johor.


      Order Proboscidea (elephants)


      Family Elephantidae (elephants)

      Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) EN (vagrant) Pulau Tekong (1990), Pulau Ubin (1991)


      Order Rodentia (rodents)


      Family Muridae (mice and rats)

      House mouse (Mus musculus) LC – urban
      Rajah spiny rat (Maxomys rajah) VU – Central Catchment
      Polynesian rat (Rattus exulans]) LC – urban, forest edge
      Brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) LC (introduced) – urban
      Tanezumi rat (Rattus tanezumi) LC – urban, forest edge
      Malayan field rat (Rattus tiomanicus) LC
      Annandale's rat (Sundamys annandalei) LC – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Pulau Ubin
      Family Spalacidae (mole-rats)

      Large bamboo rat (Rhizomys sumatrensis) LC doubtful, historical records are likely escapees
      Family Sciuridae (squirrels)

      Finlayson's squirrel (Callosciurus finlaysonii) LC (introduced) – Bidadari, Woodleigh
      Plantain squirrel (Callosciurus notatus) LC – widespread and common on mainland, Sentosa, Pulau Tekong, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Semakau
      Prevost's squirrel (Callosciurus prevostii) LC (presence uncertain)
      Red-cheeked flying squirrel (Hylopetes spadiceus) LC – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment
      Javanese flying squirrel (Iomys horsfieldii) LC – Bukit Batok, Bukit Timah, Central Catchment
      Red giant flying squirrel (Petaurista petaurista) LC possibly extirpated
      Shrew-faced squirrel (Rhinosciurus laticaudatus) NT – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment
      Slender squirrel (Sundasciurus tenuis) LC – Bukit Timah, Bukit Batok, Central Catchment, Singapore Botanic Gardens
      Family Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)

      Malayan porcupine (Hystrix brachyura) LC – Pulau Tekong, Pulau Ubin, Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Western Catchment


      Order Scandentia (treeshrews)


      Family Tupaiidae (treeshrews)

      Common treeshrew (Tupaia glis) LC – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Singapore Botanic Gardens, Portsdown, Bidadari, Bedok, Bukit Batok, Jurong Hill, Kent Ridge, Sungei Buloh, Western Catchment, Pulau Ubin


      Order Sirenia (sea cows)


      Family Dugongidae (dugong)

      Dugong (Dugong dugon) VU – Straits of Johor, Singapore Strait


      Extirpated species


      Binturong (Arctictis binturong) VU
      Dhole (Cuon alpinus) EN
      Sun bear (Helarctos malayanus) VU unverified sightings on Pulau Tekong in 1980s
      Three-striped ground squirrel (Lariscus insignis) LC
      Hairy-nosed otter (Lutra sumatrana) EN
      Red spiny rat (Maxomys surifer) LC formerly recorded in Bukit Timah
      Leopard (Panthera pardus) unverified sightings on Pulau Tekong in 1980s VU
      Tiger (Panthera tigris) EN
      Cream-coloured giant squirrel (Ratufa affinis) NT formerly recorded in Bukit Timah, Central Catchment
      Bornean bearded pig (Sus barbatus) – no historical records but likely formerly present due to records from Johor and Riau Islands, and ability to reach islands by swimming


      See also


      List of birds of Singapore
      List of reptiles of Singapore
      List of amphibians of Singapore


      References

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    list of mammals of singapore