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In Christianity, certain deceased Christians are recognized as saints, including some from Ireland. The vast majority of these saints lived during the 4th–10th centuries, the period of early Christian Ireland, when Celtic Christianity produced many missionaries to Great Britain and the European continent. The exact number of Irish saints is not known but the Martyrology of Donegal lists 1000 saints, male and female. For this reason, Ireland in a 19th-century adage is described as "the land of saints and scholars".
Christianity was introduced into Ireland toward the end of the 4th century. The details of the introduction are obscure, though the strict ascetic nature of monasticism in Ireland is said to be derived from the practices of the Desert Fathers. Although there were some Christians in Ireland before Patrick, who was a native of Roman Britain, he played a significant role in its full Christianisation.
Some of the best-known saints are Saint Patrick, Colmcill, Brigid of Kildare and the Twelve Apostles of Ireland.
After 1000, the process of recognizing saints was formalized, after which fewer people were named saints. Those canonized in the modern era include Oliver Plunkett (d. 1681, canonized 1975 by Pope Paul VI) and Charles of Mount Argus (d. 1893, canonized in 2007 by Pope Benedict XVI).
Veneration
The medieval Irish saints were venerated locally in the areas in which they lived or established churches. With the Viking invasions, Irish churches were frequently ransacked and saints' relics and shrines were often destroyed.
Early saints
Early Irish martyr saints
St. Ceannanach
St. Blathmacc of Iona
St. Donnan of Eigg
St. Ia of Cornwall
St. Odhran the Charioteer
St. Colman Isirni (the Thirsty)
St. Colman of Stockerau
St. Dymphna of Gheel
St. Killian of Wurzburg
St. Totnan of Wurzburg
St. Colman of Wurzburg
St. Grimonia
St. Eliphius of Toul
St. Hiero of Holland
St. Maxentia of Beauvais
St. Brigid and Maura
Later saints
Later saints include:
Saint Charles of Mount Argus (1821–1893)
Saint Oliver Plunkett (1625–1681)
Saint Laurence O'Toole (1128–1180)
Saint Malachy O'Moore (1094–1148)
Saint Fergal of Salzburg (canonised 1233 AD)
Pope Leo XIII's canonisations
In 1902, Pope Leo XIII added a group of 25 medieval Irish male saints to the Roman Martyrology, giving them a greater significance to the majority of other Irish saints who were not officially canonised by the pope. They are as follows:
Saint Kevin of Glendalough
Saint Flannan of Killaloe
Saint Eoghan of Ardstraw
Saint Ciaran of Clonmacnois
Saint Declan of Ardmore
Saint Albert of Cashel
Saint Colman of Dromore
Saint Colman of Cloyne
Saint Colman MacDuagh
Saint Comgall of Bangor
Saint Finbarr of Cork
Saint Finnian of Clonard
Saint Laserian of Leighlin
Saint Muiredach of Killala
Saint Carthach of Lismore
Saint Tassach of Elphin
Saint Nathy of Achonry
Saint Oran of Iona
Saint Felim of Kilmore
Saint Jarlath of Tuam
Saint Conleth of Kildare
Saint Aidan of Ferns
Saint Aengus MacNissi of Connor
Saint Aedh Mac Cairtinn of Clogher
Saint Fachanan of Kilfenora
Blesseds
Blessed John, or Terrence, Carey
Blessed Ralph Corby (Corbington) (1598-1644), professed priest, Jesuits, born in Ireland but included in the Martyrs of England and Wales
Blessed John Grove (d. 1679), layman, born in Ireland but included in the Martyrs of England and Wales
Blessed Tadhg (Thaddeus) McCarthy, bishop
Blessed Christian O'Conarchy, Irish Cistercian abbot
Blessed Columba Marmion, Benedictine priest
Blessed Charles Meehan (Mahoney) (1640-1679), professed priest, Franciscan Friars Minor (Recollects), born in Ireland but included in the Martyrs of England and Wales
Blessed Dermot O'Hurley, Archbishop of Cashel, and 16 Companions, martyrs
Patrick O'Hely professed priest, Franciscan Friars Minor (Observants); bishop of Mayo
Conn O'Rourke, professed priest, Franciscan Friars Minor (Observants)
Matthew Lambert, layman
Robert Meyler, layman
Edward Cheevers, layman
Patrick Cavanagh, layman
Margaret Ball, laywoman
Maurice MacKenragaghty, priest
Dominic Collins, professed religious, Jesuits
Concobhar Ó Duibheannaigh, professed priest, Franciscan Friars Minor (Observants); bishop of Down and Connor
Patrick O'Loughran, priest of the archdiocese of Armagh
Francis Taylor, layman
Peter Higgins, professed priest, Dominicans
Terence O'Brien, professed priest, Dominicans; bishop of Emly
John Kearney, professed priest, Franciscan Friars Minor (Observants)
William Tirry, professed priest, Augustinians
Blessed Edmund Ignatius Rice, founder of the Congregation of Christian Brothers and the Presentation Brothers
Blessed John Roche (d. 1588), layman, born in Ireland but included in the Martyrs of England and Wales
Blessed Patrick Salmon, companion-martyr of John Cornelius
Blessed John Sullivan, professed priest, Jesuits
Venerables
Venerable Mary Aikenhead, founder of the Religious Sisters of Charity
Venerable Catherine McAuley, founder of the Sisters of Mercy
Venerable Mary Angeline Teresa McCrory, founder, Carmelite Sisters for the Aged and Infirm; born in Ireland
Venerable Nano Nagle, founder of the Presentation Sisters
Venerable Patrick Peyton, professed priest, Congregation of Holy Cross; born in Ireland
Venerable Edel Quinn, member, Legion of Mary, born in Ireland
Venerable Matt Talbot, lay ascetic
Servants of God
Irish people, described as Servants of God, include:
Alphonsus (Alfie Lambe), Legion of Mary envoy to South America
Frank Duff, Legion of Mary founder
Father Willie Doyle, Irish priest and army chaplain
Mary Kevin Kearney, missionary nun and foundress of the Little Sisters of St. Francis in Uganda.
Other holy people
Ellen Organ, an Irish child who became known as "Little Nellie of God" and whose story promoted Pope Pius X to lower the age of first communion.
Egbert Xavier Kelly, an Irish Christian Brother who was abducted and killed during the Manila massacre in 1945.
Sister Clare Crockett, an Irish nun who died in the 2016 Ecuador earthquake.
See also
Irish Catholic Martyrs
List of Catholic saints
List of Anglo-Saxon saints
List of Cornish saints
List of Welsh saints
List of saints of Northumbria
List of Breton saints
List of saints of the Canary Islands
Saint Gobain
References
Sources
Charles-Edwards, T. M. (Jan 2007) [Sept 2004]. "Connacht, saints of (act. c.400–c.800)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/51012. Retrieved 14 December 2008. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Charles-Edwards, T. M. (Sep 2004). "Iona, abbots of (act. 563–927)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/51141. Retrieved 9 February 2009. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2004). "Brigit (439/452–524/526)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 1 (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/3427. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Charles-Edwards, T. M. (Jan 2007) [Sept 2004]. "Ulster, saints of (act. c.400–c.650)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/51011. Retrieved 14 December 2008. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Doherty, Charles (2004). "Leinster, saints of (act. c.550–c.800)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/51009. Retrieved 9 February 2009. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Flanagan, M. T. (2004). "Cellach (1080–1129)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/4992. Retrieved 2011-02-16. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Johnston, Elva (May 2008) [Sept 2004]. "Munster, saints of (act. c.450–c.700)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 1 (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/51008. Retrieved 14 December 2008. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Johnston, Elva (2004), "Beoán (supp. fl. 1012x24)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Online ed.), Oxford University Press, retrieved 2011-02-16
Johnston, Elva (2004). "Fiachra (fl. mid-7th cent.)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 1 (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/9378. Retrieved 2011-02-16. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Johnston, Elva (2004). "Mo Ling (d. 697)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/7007. Retrieved 2011-02-16. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Kenney, James F. (1966) [1929], The sources for the early history of Ireland: ecclesiastical (revised ed.), New York{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
MacNeill, Máire (1962). The Festival of Lughnasa: A Study of the Survival of the Celtic Festival of the Beginning of Harvest. London: Oxford University Press.
Ní Dhonnchadha, Máirín (2004). "Adomnán [St Adomnán] (627/8?–704)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/110. Retrieved 2011-02-16. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Stalmans, Nathalie; Charles-Edwards, T. M. (May 2007) [Sept 2004]. "Meath, saints of (act. c.400–c.900)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 1 (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/51010. Retrieved 14 December 2008. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
"Under the Oak: Irish Saints of September". Under the Oak. Retrieved 22 August 2012.
Further reading
Plummer, Charles (1925), "A tentative catalogue of Irish hagiography", Miscellanea Hagiographica Hibernica, Subsidia Hagiographica 15, Brussels, pp. 171–285{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Breatnach, Padraig A. (2000), "An inventory of Latin Lives of Irish saints from St. Anthony's College, Louvain, c. 1643", in Alfred P. Smyth (ed.), Seanchas: Studies in Early and Medieval Irish Archaeology, History and Literature in Honour of Francis John Byrne, Dublin: Four Courts Press, pp. 431–438
O'Carrol, Michael (2000), "Our Lady in early medieval Ireland", in Alfred P. Smyth (ed.), Seanchas: Studies in Early and Medieval Irish Archaeology, History and Literature in Honour of Francis John Byrne, Dublin: Four Courts Press, pp. 178–181
Ó Muraile, Nollaig (2004–2005), "Index of the saints of Ireland", Dubhaltach MacFhirbhisigh: Great Book of Irish Genealogies, vol. 3, Dublin: De Burca, pp. 236–243
Ó Riain, Pádraig (2011), A Dictionary of Irish Saints, Dublin: Four Courts Press, ISBN 978-1-84682-318-3
External links
Ancient Order of Hibernians — complete list of Ireland's saints
Catholic Online — Irish saints
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
All Saints of Ireland - Friends of Little Portion Hermitage
Feast of All the Saints of Ireland « Pontificio Collegio Irlandese
The Saints of Ireland - Etsy
The Saints of Ireland - Etsy
Profiles in History--Saints of Ireland | Made By Teachers
Profiles in History--Saints of Ireland | Made By Teachers
Saint Icons: Saints of Ireland icon | Monastery Icons
salliesART: Saints of Ireland
Our Irish Saints
IRELAND - We Love Donegal
A List of Irish Saints - PopeHistory.com
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