myokymia

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      Myokymia is an involuntary, spontaneous, localized quivering of a few muscles, or bundles within a muscle, but which are insufficient to move a joint. One type is superior oblique myokymia.
      Myokymia is commonly used to describe an involuntary eyelid muscle contraction, typically involving the lower eyelid or less often the upper eyelid. It occurs in normal individuals and typically starts and disappears spontaneously. However, it can sometimes last up to three weeks. Since the condition typically resolves itself, medical professionals do not consider it to be serious or a cause for concern.
      In contrast, facial myokymia is a fine rippling of muscles on one side of the face and may reflect an underlying tumor in the brainstem (typically a brainstem glioma), loss of myelin in the brainstem (associated with multiple sclerosis) or in the recovery stage of Miller-Fisher syndrome, a variant of Guillain–Barré syndrome, an inflammatory polyneuropathy that may affect the facial nerve.
      Myokymia in otherwise unrelated body parts may occur in neuromyotonia.


      Causes


      Frequent contributing factors include: too much caffeine, high levels of anxiety, fatigue, dehydration, stress, overwork, and a lack of sleep. Use of certain drugs or alcohol may also be factors, as can magnesium deficiency. It can be also seen in patients with multiple sclerosis.


      Treatment


      Many doctors commonly recommend a combined treatment of a warm compress applied to the eyes (to relieve muscle tension, relax the muscles, and reduce swelling), a small dosage of antihistamine (to reduce any swelling that may be caused by an allergic reaction), increased bed rest and decreased exposure to computer screens, televisions, and harsh lighting (to allow muscles to rest), and monitoring caffeine intake (as too much caffeine can cause an adverse reaction such as eye twitching, but a controlled dose can serve as an effective treatment by increasing blood flow).


      Etymology


      The term comes from the Greek -mŷs – "muscle," + kŷm, -kŷmia – "something swollen" or -kŷmos – "wave".


      See also


      Blepharospasm
      Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency
      Fasciculation
      Myoclonic jerk (myoclonus)


      References




      External links

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    Myokymia: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatments

    Feb 14, 2025 · Myokymia, muscle twitching around your eyes, can happen for many harmless reasons. You can avoid or self-treat most of them. What is myokymia? Eyelid myokymia is a slow, uncontrollable eye twitching that causes wavelike muscle contractions in your eyelids.

    Myokymia - Wikipedia

    Myokymia is commonly used to describe an involuntary eyelid muscle contraction, typically involving the lower eyelid or less often the upper eyelid. It occurs in normal individuals and typically starts and disappears spontaneously. However, it can sometimes last up to three weeks.

    Myokymia (Eye Twitch) - Optometrists.org

    Has your eyelid suddenly begun to twitch? If so, then you’ve experienced a condition called myokymia. Myokymia, eyelid twitching, affects only the eyelid, this spasm or twitch is fairly common and affects most people at some point in their lives.

    What Is Ocular Myokymia? - All About Vision

    Nov 2, 2022 · Ocular myokymia (eyelid twitching) is usually harmless and resolves on its own. Learn the different myokymia types, causes and treatments.

    Myokymia: What Is It, Causes, Signs and Symptoms, and More

    Feb 4, 2025 · Myokymia describes involuntary muscle movement that can be seen on the skin, sometimes described as wormlike or continuous rippling movements. Myokymia may occur physiologically in healthy individuals or the form of facial or limb myokymia.

    Eyelid Myokymia - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf

    Aug 8, 2023 · This activity examines the etiology, diagnosis, management, and complications of eyelid myokymia. Objectives: Review the etiology of eyelid myokymia. Explain the common physical exam findings associated with eyelid myokymia. Identify the indications for surgery and botulinum toxin injections.

    Myokymia (eyelid twitch or tic) - AOA

    Myokymia of the lid is a unilateral and uncontrollable lid twitch or tic that is not caused by disease or pathology. Myokymia is thought to be brought on by stress and other similar issues and resolves on its own with time.

    What to Know About Eyelid Twitching - WebMD

    Dec 30, 2024 · What Is Myokymia? A muscle known as the orbicularis oculi is responsible for closing your eyelids. Myokymia occurs when this muscle contracts involuntarily, causing uncontrollable twitching...

    Myokymia (Eyelid Twitch or Tic): Causes & Treatment

    Jan 21, 2023 · Myokymia refers to a twitching or spasming of the eyelid. This phenomenon is common and happens at some point in time to most people. It is typically preventable and can be managed by making a few lifestyle adjustments.

    Eye twitching Causes - Mayo Clinic

    Jan 18, 2025 · The most common type of eyelid twitching, called myokymia, may be triggered by: Alcohol intake; Bright light; Caffeine excess; Eye strain; Fatigue; Irritation of the eye surface or inner eyelids; Nicotine; Stress; Wind or air pollution; Benign essential blepharospasm is a movement disorder, called dystonia, of the muscles around the eye.